Geochemical survey of thermal system in Northeast China and their geothermometric characters

The chemical composition of several thermal springs around Changbaishan area has been investigated. Cenozoic basaltic rocks are widely distributed in Northeast China and geothermal characteristics have been described. About one hundred hot springs exist around Changhaishan Volcano at the border between China and D.P.R.Korea with high temperature about 82~C. The pH values of the spring water range from 6.9 to 7.1 and the total flow rate is about 4.8 L/sec. The chemical composition of the thermal springs is sodium carbonate; the high-mineral contents of thermal water are believed to have medicinal properties. Bathhouses are already built along the hot springs to take the advantage of the supposed healing properties. The high quality of those hot springs is believed to be utilitized for mineral water. The chemical equilibrium temperatures were estimated at about 160℃ based on the Na-K-Ca geochemical thermometer.     

Effect of Ploughing Depth on the Growth and Yield of Heracleum candicans： a Threatened Medicinal Herb and a Less-explored Potential Crop of the Himalayan Region

This paper examines the effect of ploughing depths （A -- 60 cm, B -- 45 cm and C -- 30 cm） on the growth and yield of Heracleum candicans Wall （Apiaceae）, a threatened medicinal herb of the Himalayan region. This less-explored plant is being suggested as a potential crop for the mountain agriculture. The study was carried out in an orchard in Himachal Pradesh, India at 2500 m altitude, for two successive growth years. During the first year, all plants remained in juvenile state; in the second year, nearly 65 % plants produced flowers only under 60cm ploughing depth. Among its morphological traits, plant height, collar diameter and aboveground flesh weight were found to be strongly correlated （P 〈 0.01） with the belowground biomass during the first year （r =0.968, 0.925 and 0.973, respectively） and during the second year （r=0.945, 0.928 and 0.775, respectively）. Increase in the ploughing depth was significantly correlated （P〈0.01） with all growth parameters, including the belowground dry weight, marketable portion of the produce. The belowground biomass （commercial yield; 16.28 Qt/hec） at depth A was about 2.6 and 4.7 times higher than those recorded at depths B and C, respectively. The results clearly justify the importance of deep ploughing and this paper strongly recommends it for economically sustainable cropping.     

NGC4051短时标光变的多波段同时性观测

探索活动星系的快速光变,是研究星系中心致密核结构及辐射机制的强有力手段。NGC4051是在X射线波段具有短时标(分—小时)光变的极少数活动星系之一。为进一验证X射线波段短时标光变的观测结果,也为了探索光学波段是否具有短时标光变及它们的相关性,我们于1985年5月13—15日分别在美国和中国对NGC4051进行了X射线波段及可见光波段的同时性联测。Martin博士和程福臻在美国利用EXOSAT卫星观测了NGC4051的X射线辐射;谢光中等人在云南天文台利用一米RCC望远镜及积分光度计进行了U波段的观测。结果如下:(1)软X射线的流量降低了13倍,而硬X射线的流量已小到探测不到(至少降低了203倍);(2)U波段在13日晚的观测表明NGC4051有一个时标～1200秒、振幅ΔU 0.11(±0.03)的短时标光变。这种光变共有四个事例,且光变曲线十分完整,由于标准误差σ=0.03,可信度已大于3σ。此外,这一结果还与P.E.Marshall等人在X—射线波段所得到的光变时标～1000秒相吻合,这似乎表明两个波段的光变可能具有相关性。     

Effect of Counter-Gradient in the Computation of Turbulent Fluxes of Heat and Moisture in a Regional Model

The counter-gradient terms in the computations of turbulent fluxes of heat and moisture have been included in the PBL parameterization of a regional model for monsoon prediction. Results show that inclusion of counter-gradient terms has a marginal impact in the prediction of large scale monsoon circulation and rainfall rates.     

5个新发现的X选BL Lac天体

利用ＲＯＳＡＴＶＬＡ方法筛选，从ＲＯＳＡＴＸ射线源中选出了一批新的ＢＬＬａｃ天体和类星体的候选体．１９９６年１２月８日至１７日，利用北京天文台２．１６ｍ望远镜和新从美国引进的ＯＭＲ摄谱仪，对这批新候选体进行了光谱认证．经ＳＵＮ工作站处理，又发现了５个新的Ｘ选ＢＬＬａｃ天体．此外，还对去年作者在ＯＭＲ引进之前发现的ＢＬＬａｃ天体进行了检验，结果发现，去年发现的７个ＢＬＬａｃ天体中，２３２２＋３４３的ＣａＩＩＨ＆Ｋ“Ｂｒｅａｋｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈ”为２６．９％，稍大于判据２５％，因此，２３２２＋３４３到底是ＢＬＬａｃ天体还是射电星系还有待于进一步测光及偏振观测的验证．     

Wintertime Stratospheric Anomalies-Part I: Warm Pools

The stratospheric worm pools, called the 4-day wave also, are mainly the temperature anomalies in the polar regions of winter hemisphere. It will be shown that their occurrence, propagation speed and specific structure can be explained by the lower frequency coherent heating resulting from the wave interaction in the breaking layers of the stratosphere. Although their vertical phase slope is negligibly small, the warm pools cannot be considered as a barotropic anomaly.     

日本在测地学和地球动力学中空间技术的应用

日本和世界其他国家都已在测地学和地球动力学研究中引进使用ＶＬＢＩ，ＳＬＲ和ＧＰＳ。扼要综述日本近年来有关这些技术对应用方面的各种活动。ＶＬＢＩ和ＳＬＲ主要是应用在国际性实验方面。