Rhuddanian to Aeronian (Llandovery,early Silurian) carbon isotope stratigraphy throughout carbonate sequences in the upper Yangtze region,South China block

The Xiangshuyuan Formation (middle Rhuddanian to middle Aeronian stages of the Llandovery Series, lower Silurian) records a shelly fauna representing recovery after the end-Ordovician mass extinction in a well-oxygenated shallow carbonate platform of the Upper Yangtze region, South China Block. Carbon isotope stratigraphy is documented from limestone sequences of the formation at the Qiankou section, northeast Guizhou. The early Aeronian carbon isotope excursion (EACIE, with an amplitude of about 2 ‰ and peak value of 2.44 ‰) is identified in the middle and upper parts of the formation (Ozarkodina obesa conodont Biozone). The EACIE recorded herein correlates well with those in Baltica, Canada, and the United States; together with its records from organic material (δ¹³C_org) the data verify that the EACIE is a global event. The beginning of the EACIE can be used as a chemostratigraphic marker defining the Rhuddanian/Aeronian boundary in strata that lack high-resolution biostratigraphic constraints.     

地理信息服务的思考与探究

从地理信息服务的内涵、发展和社会需求等几个方面对地理信息服务进行综合分析,从而提出了加强地理信息服务的几点建议.     

Scattering and reflection of SH waves around a slope on an elastic wedged space

The scattering and reflection of SH waves by a slope on an elastic wedged space is investigated. A series solution is obtained by using the wave function expansion method. The slope on a wedged space is divided into two subregions by an artificial, auxiliary circular arc. The wave fields with unknown complex coefficients within each sub-region are derived. Applying Graf addition theorem, the scattered waves in the sub-regions are expressed in a global coordinate system. Fourier transform is adopted to derive a consistent form of standing waves in the inner region using the orthogonality of the cosine functions. The boundary-valued problem is solved by stress and displacement continuity along the artificial, auxiliary arc to obtain the unknown complex coefficients. Parametric studies are next performed to investigate how the topography from the slope on the wedged space will affect the scattering and diffraction, and hence the amplification and de-amplification of the SH waves. Numerical results show that the surface motions on the slope of the wedged space is influenced greatly by the topography. Amplification of the surface motions near the slope vertex is significant. The corresponding phases along the wedged space surfaces are consistent with the direction that the SH waves are propagating.     

Transverse seismic kinematics of single piles by a modified Vlasov model

Within the framework of soil–pile interaction, a novel displacement scheme for the transverse kinematic response of single piles to vertically propagating S waves is proposed on the basis of the modified Vlasov foundation model. The displacement model contains a displacement function along the pile axis and an attenuation function along the radial direction. The governing equations and boundary conditions of the two undetermined functions are obtained in a coupled form by using Hamilton's principle. An iterative algorithm is adopted to decouple and solve the two unknown functions. In light of the governing equation of the pile kinematics, a mechanical model is proposed to evaluate the present method on a physical basis considering material damping. The coefficient of the equivalent Winkler spring is derived explicitly as function of the displacement decay parameter γ and soil Poisson's ratio. A parametric study is performed to investigate the effects of the soil–pile system properties on the kinematic response of single piles. The results show that the dimensionless pile length controls the transverse kinematics of piles. In terms of the theory of beams on elastic foundation, the classification limits of the dimensionless pile length may be π ∕ 4 and π, respectively. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Kinematic bending of single piles in layered soil

Acta Geotechnica - A continuum solution is proposed for the kinematic bending of single piles embedded in a layered soil deposit. A displacement model is proposed to represent the displacement of...     

生物活动对海床沉积物工程地质特征改造研究

底栖穴居动物是河口潮滩生态系统的重要组成部分,它对沉积物的二次改造作用非常重要。本文以黄河三角洲钓 口区潮滩为研究对象,研究了不同生物密度对沉积物工程地质特征的改造,包括滩面形态、沉积物强度、以及沉积物颗粒大小 的改变。在此基础上探讨了生物活动与滩面凹坑,沉积物强度非均匀性以及研究区浮泥之间的关系。     

山东省平邑玉荣石膏矿“12·25”事故救援过程中的水文地质问题分析

山东平邑凹陷盆地内石膏资源丰富,自20世纪80年代起,区内石膏开采持续不断,随着开采范围的不断扩大,形成了大面积采空区,地面塌陷时有发生。2015年12月25日,平邑县玉荣石膏矿、万枣石膏矿范围内发生大面积塌陷,造成29名矿工被困。在施救过程中,遇到诸多水文地质问题,如灰岩含水岩组富水性增强;矿坑水补给条件改变;膏上灰岩岩溶水对采空区的大量补给;矿区南侧老窿水的威胁和岩溶塌陷等,直接影响了救援工作的顺利开展。针对在救援过程中出现的以上问题进行了综合分析研究,总结了救援过程中采取的多种防治措施和经验及教训,为同类矿山事故救援提供一定借鉴。     

基于3S 集成的二次调查成果更新研究

从土地二次调查成果更新实际需求出发,总结当前基础地理空间数据更新模式,分析土地调查成果更新面临的问题,依据二次调查技术方案和相关技术标准,将3S集成技术的内外业一体化更新模式应用于二次调查成果更新中。     

黄河三角洲粉质土的动模量和阻尼比试验研究

结合室内共振柱和动三轴实验,对黄河三角洲饱和原状粉质土体(粉土、粉砂、粉质粘土)动模量和阻尼比的影响因素和发展规律进行了详细的研究。研究表明,在粉粒和粘粒含量对动模量的共同影响中,粉粒含量起着举足起重的作用;侧限压力对归一化剪模比和阻尼比的影响均较显著,相比粘粒含量的影响不大。通过与Seed建议的砂土及饱和粘土的G/Gmax~曲线和~曲线进行对比,结果显示研究区的粉质土相比一般的砂土和饱和粘土而言,其动力变形特性更接近于砂土,但是与砂土也存在着非常明显的差异;其发展规律与其他地区沉积粉质土也较为不同,具有明显的区域性。采用修正了的Hard in-D rnevich模型和对数模型分别对G/Gmax~曲线和~曲线进行拟合,给出了三类粉质土的归一化动力变形G/Gmax~/r关系曲线,对模型中有关参数的影响因素做了初步的探讨。     

Kinematic response of single piles to vertically incident P‐waves

Dynamic response of single piles to seismic waves is fundamentally different from the free‐field motion because of the interaction between the pile and the surrounding soil. Considering soil–pile interaction, this paper presents a new displacement model for the steady‐state kinematic response of single piles to vertically incident P‐waves on the basis of a continuum model. The governing equations and boundary conditions of the two undetermined functions in the model are obtained to be coupled by using Hamilton's principle. Then, the two unknown functions are decoupled and solved by an iterative algorithm numerically. A parametric study is performed to investigate the effects of the properties of the soil–pile system on the kinematic response of single piles. It is shown that the effects of the pile–soil modulus ratio, the slenderness ratio of the pile, and the frequency of the incident excitations are very significant. By contrast, the influence of soil damping on the kinematics of the system is slight and can be neglected. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.