基于GIS的城市抗震防灾系统的设计

讨论了以地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）为开发平台的城市抗震防灾系统的设计，和系统建设的目的，原则及软件，硬件配置等问题，建立了系统的框架结构，设计了各个模块的主要功能，该思路正在结合具体的城市实施，探索为城市抗震防灾系统的建设提供新的经验。     

安徽省国家强震动台站场地响应及背景噪声分析

利用安徽省部分强震动台站记录的地脉动数据和历史地震数据,采用H/V谱比法和噪声功率谱密度函数法,对比分析台站的场地响应及背景噪声,结果表明：全椒、马鞍山地震台的场地卓越周期小且背景噪声低;沈巷地震台卓越周期大且背景噪声高;三山地震台无明显卓越周期;地震台站背景噪声与场地响应曲线之间不存在一一对应关系。     

Ecological quality assessment of small estuaries from the Portuguese coast based on fish assemblages indices

The importance of establishing the ecological quality of estuarine systems has been widely acknowledged and led to the development of several fish community-based multimetric indices. Nevertheless, a question rose about the accuracy of these tools when natural disturbance is acting upon the organization of the systems’ communities. Four multimetric indices were used to examine their ability to differentiate the ecological status of five small estuarine systems (southern Portugal), and also to test if they reflected the level of anthropogenic pressures. Fish assemblages from Mira, Odeceixe and Aljezur (in the Southwest coast), Gilão and Bensafrim (in the South coast) estuaries were sampled seasonally for one year, and anthropogenic sources of pressure were identified and quantified. We found that although the applied indices provided information on ecological condition differentiation among systems, they are unable to explain different classes of ecological status in systems with equivalent pressure levels.     

安徽省国家强震动台站场地响应及背景噪声分析

利用安徽省部分强震动台站记录的地脉动数据和历史地震数据,采用H/V谱比法和噪声功率谱密度函数法,对比分析台站的场地响应及背景噪声,结果表明:全椒、马鞍山地震台的场地卓越周期小且背景噪声低;沈巷地震台卓越周期大且背景噪声高;三山地震台无明显卓越周期;地震台站背景噪声与场地响应曲线之间不存在一一对应关系。     

2020年7月12日唐山古冶MS5.1地震的强震动特征

首都圈强震动观测台相对密集,区域强震动观测能力较强。2020年7月12日6时38分在河北省唐山市古冶区发生M_S5.1地震,强震动台和烈度台共收集到三分量强震动记录363组。通过强震动记录数据处理绘制了PGA和PGV的空间分布图,初步认识到此次地震强烈的地震动主要集中于震中附近区域,远离震中的天津塘沽—宁河—宝坻三角区域也观测到“异常增大趋势”的地震动,这与1976年唐山地震的宏观烈度异常区较为一致。同时分析了强震动记录PGA、PGV随距离的衰减规律,通过与为第五代区划图编制建立的东部强震区衰减关系的计算值对比,可以看出与此次地震中PGA、PGV的衰减具有一致的趋势。      

海啸危险性概率分析的不确定性研究

针对海啸危险性概率分析（PTHA）存在的较大不确定性问题,对不确定性产生来源进行了归纳和分类,提出了基于逻辑树与事件树方法合理量化不确定性的思路框架,并以马尼拉海啸潜源为研究对象,给出了量化震级上限、破裂面参数不确定的过程示例。数值模拟分析结果表明：海啸潜源震级上限的改变对危险性评估结果产生了显著影响,通过逻辑树方法可合理量化这种不确定性;地震破裂面的倾角、滑移角和破裂面积的随机不确定性对海啸危险性分析结果产生较为显著的影响,经事件树方法处理后的危险性结果保证率远高于20%,略低于80%,可基本满足工程抗海啸设计要求。     

汶川MemSsub8.0地震的强余震流动观测a

2008年5月12日汶川大地震发生后,中国地震局迅速组织开展了强余震流动观测,沿龙门山断裂附近布设了59台强震动仪器．在观测期间发生了万余次余震,流动观测台网获得了2000多组3分量的强余震记录．本文介绍了流动观测台布设的技术方法与关键步骤,初步处理了2008年5月25日青川6.4级最大余震的地震动记录,并分析了此次地震动衰减特征．此次流动观测充分表明,在大地震发生后,及时有效地开展强震动流动观测是十分必要的,其获得的余震地震动记录可为进一步的科研工作提供宝贵的基础资料．      

应用神经网络建立加速度峰值衰减规律

在假定了加速度峰值衰减规律的形式后，本采用人工神经网络拟合实际加速度峰值观测资料来求取方程中的待定系数。为加速神经网络的训练，本设计了基于ＢＰ学习算法的目标分段网络训练法。     

Estimating recharge rates with analytic element models and parameter estimation

Quantifying the spatial and temporal distribution of recharge is usually a prerequisite for effective ground water flow modeling. In this study, an analytic element (AE) code (GFLOW) was used with a nonlinear parameter estimation code (UCODE) to quantify the spatial and temporal distribution of recharge using measured base flows as calibration targets. The ease and flexibility of AE model construction and evaluation make this approach well suited for recharge estimation. An AE flow model of an undeveloped watershed in northern Wisconsin was optimized to match median annual base flows at four stream gages for 1996 to 2000 to demonstrate the approach. Initial optimizations that assumed a constant distributed recharge rate provided good matches (within 5%) to most of the annual base flow estimates, but discrepancies of >12% at certain gages suggested that a single value of recharge for the entire watershed is inappropriate. Subsequent optimizations that allowed for spatially distributed recharge zones based on the distribution of vegetation types improved the fit and confirmed that vegetation can influence spatial recharge variability in this watershed. Temporally, the annual recharge values varied >2.5-fold between 1996 and 2000 during which there was an observed 1.7-fold difference in annual precipitation, underscoring the influence of nonclimatic factors on interannual recharge variability for regional flow modeling. The final recharge values compared favorably with more labor-intensive field measurements of recharge and results from studies, supporting the utility of using linked AE-parameter estimation codes for recharge estimation.     

强震动记录自适应基线校正方法:汶川地震应用

基线校正是强震动记录数据处理非常关键的环节之一。现有方法大都依赖主观经验,得到的永久位移值存在较大的不确定性,不能实现自动化处理。为此,提出一种自适应的强震动记录基线校正方法,以汶川地震中汶川卧龙台站(051WCW)获取的强震动记录为例叙述新方法的每个环节,并与已有方法进行比较,验证了新方法的计算准确性。最后,将新方法运用于汶川地震主震中,得到了37个强震动台站的永久位移场。通过与Wang等的研究结果比较,发现除3个台站由于数据不全无法比较外,新方法给出的24个台站的最大永久位移无论是数值还是对应方位角都与其一致。表明新方法具有一定的可靠性,同时通过对比也发现新方法存在一定的局限性,还有待进一步改进。