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排序方式: 共有77条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
In situ strength measurements on natural upper-mantle minerals 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Junji Yamamoto Jun-ichi Ando Hiroyuki Kagi Toru Inoue Akihiro Yamada Daisuke Yamazaki Tetsuo Irifune 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2008,35(5):249-257
Using in situ strength measurements at pressures up to 10 GPa and at room temperature, 400, 600, and 700°C, we examined rheological
properties of olivine, orthopyroxene, and chromian-spinel contained in a mantle-derived xenolith. Mineral strengths were estimated
using widths of X-ray diffraction peaks as a function of pressure, temperature, and time. Differential stresses of all minerals
increase with increasing pressure, but they decrease with increasing temperature because of elastic strain on compression
and stress relaxation during heating. During compression at room temperature, all minerals deform plastically at differential
stress of 4–6 GPa. During subsequent heating, thermally induced yielding is observed in olivine at 600°C. Neither orthopyroxene
nor spinel shows complete stress relaxation, but both retain some stress even at 700°C. The strength of the minerals decreases
in the order of chromian-spinel ≈ orthopyroxene > olivine for these conditions. This order of strength is consistent with
the residual pressure of fluid inclusions in mantle xenoliths. 相似文献
2.
Takushi?NikiEmail author Taiki?Fujinaga Mariyo?F.?Watanabe Junji?Kinoshita 《Journal of Oceanography》2004,60(5):913-917
Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a simple, sensitive and less destructive method for the determination of dimethylsulfide
(DMS) in seawater. Combined with detection by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the method had sufficient sensitivity
(minimum detectable concentration of DMS was 0.05 nM), and practical levels of reproducibility (relative standard deviation
≤7%) and linearity (r
2 > 0.995) over a wide concentration range (0.5 to 910 nM). The protocol developed was applied to a Sagami Bay water sample
to determine concentrations of DMS and DMSP, and in situ DMSP-lyase activity. 相似文献
3.
新疆乌恰萨热克铜矿北矿带库孜贡苏组沉积相、古流向、物源区及其找矿意义——来自砾石统计分析的证据 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
萨热克盆地库孜贡苏组是萨热克铜矿的赋矿层位,开展沉积相、物源区及古流向研究对隐伏铜矿的勘探具有重要意义。选取萨热克铜矿北矿带库孜贡苏组地表矿化最好的砾岩展开砾石统计分析,结果表明,偏斜度显示砾岩为冲积扇相沉积,砾石叠瓦状和砂岩斜层理产状统计显示古流向为北北东向;砾石成分主要为石英、石英砂岩、砂岩,石英岩等;粒度分布呈宽峰态或尖峰态;物源区为元古宇长城系阿克苏群变质岩剥蚀区;物源补给分为主河流补给和支河流补给2种方式。冲积扇相、古流向、物源区分析确定了矿体的范围、最优的勘探线布置方位和潜在的找矿靶区,具有很好的勘探意义。 相似文献
4.
对任丘油田开发过程中油田水水质特征及演化规律进行了初步分析,探讨了人工注水对油田水质的演化影响,其结果表明,注入水对油田水泊稀释混合作用明显,破坏了油层内部水-岩作用平衡,改变了井下原来的水文地球化学环境,根据诺模图求得的一些离子含量与其实际值之间存在明显差异,表明机械混合与水-岩相互作用并存,这与实际情况是吻合的。 相似文献
5.
Yoshiaki Yamaguchi Junji Akai Katsutoshi Tomita 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1978,66(3):263-270
Porphyroclastic diopside in garnet lherzolite from Alpe Arami, Bellinzona, Switzerland includes optically-visible clinoamphibole lamellae with a composition intermediate between pargasite and edenite. X-ray and electron microscopic observations show that the diopside crystal contains sub-microscopic thin clinoamphibole lamellae parallel to (010), which have coherent interfaces to the host. A kind of planar defect parallel to (010) in clinopyroxene structure, as suggested by Chisholm (1973), is shown here to correspond to intercalation of a 9 Å lattice fringe of double-chain structure in the electron micrograph of the diopside. The thin clinoamphibole lamellae are observed to be segregated domains consisting of two and more 9 Å fringes.From the chemical characteristics and textural relations of the development of such clinoamphiboles, the chemical change required to form them is considered to have been caused principally by decreasing solubility of atoms such as Na, Al and Cr in clinopyroxene structure during the retrogressive reequilibration. Also, a possibility of finite solid solution of clinoamphibole in clinopyroxene is discussed. 相似文献
6.
7.
Takushi Niki Miwa Shimizu Ayako Fujishiro Junji Kinoshita 《Journal of Oceanography》2007,63(5):873-877
During time-series observations in Sagami Bay, Japan, the concentration of dissolved dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSPd), a precursor of dimethylsulfide (DMS), was negatively correlated with salinity. In the laboratory, low-salinity shock reduced
DMS production rates of the natural bacterial community and induced rapid DMSP release from a dinophyte, Heterocapsa triquetra, suggesting that low-salinity shock reduced DMSPd consumption but enhanced DMSPd production, which agrees with the negative correlation between DMSPd and salinity observed in Sagami bay. In addition, low-salinity shock did not affect DMSP lyase activity of H. triquetra. Low-salinity shock would increase the contribution from algae in DMS production, leading to an increase in potential DMS
productivity in the environment. 相似文献
8.
Continuous Measurement of Number Concentrations and
Elemental Composition of Aerosol Particles
for a Dust Storm Event in Beijing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A continuous measurement of number size distributions and chemical composition of aerosol particles was conducted in Beijing in a dust storm event during 21-26 March 2001. The number concentration of coarse particles ( 〉2μm) increased more significantly than fine particles ( 〈2μm) during the dust storm due to dust weather, while the anthropogenic aerosols collected during the non-dust-storm period tended to be associated with fine particles. Elemental compositions were analyzed by using proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE). The results show that 20 elements in the dust storm were much higher than in the non-dust-storm period. The calculated soil dust concentration during the dust storm was, on average, 251.8μg m^-3, while it was only 52.1μg m^-3 on non-dust-storm days. The enrichment factors for Mg, A1, P, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, C1, Cu, Pb, and Zn show small variations between the dust storm and the non-dust-storm period, while those for Ca, Ni and Cr in the dust storm were much lower than those in the non-dust-storm period due to significant local emission sources. A high concentration and enrichment factor for S were observed during the dust storm, which implies that the dust particles were contaminated by aerosol particles from anthropogenic emissions during the long-range transport. A statistical analysis shows that the elemental composition of particles collected during the dust storm in Beijing were better correlated with those of desert soil colleted from desert regions in Inner Mongolia. Air mass back-trajectory analysis further confirmed that this dust storm event could be identified as streaks of dust plumes originating from Inner Mongolia. 相似文献
9.
Although seismic isolation rubber bearings in bridges and buildings have proven to be a very effective passive method for reducing earthquake‐induced forces, a detailed mechanical modeling of the rubber that is used in bearings under large strains has not been established. Therefore, a 3D model of failure behavior and the design criteria for the safety evaluation of seismic isolation bearings have not yet been developed. This paper presents: (1) correlation‐based template‐matching algorithms to measure large strain fields of continua; (2) a failure criterion for rubber; and (3) the design criteria for the safety evaluation of laminated algorithms, data‐validation algorithms were developed and implemented to eliminate possible unrealistic displacement vectors present in the measured displacement field. The algorithms were successfully employed in the strain field measurement of LRB and rubber materials that are subjected to failure. The measured local strains for rubber material at failure were used to develop a failure criterion for rubber. The validity of the proposed criterion was evaluated by applying it to the LRB; the criterion was introduced into a 3D finite element model of LRB, compared with the experimental results of bearings failure, and verified. Finally, design criteria are proposed for LRB for the safety evaluation. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
10.
Xavier Bruna Catarino Egydio-Silva Marcos Sadowski Georg Robert de Assis Silva Bruno Takara Victor Junji 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2022,40(3):1345-1361
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - To optimize the prediction of structural geological conditions in the underground as of data collected at the surface, due to the usual great uncertainties... 相似文献