基于稳定同位素技术的光背团水虱食性分析

为了探究光背团水虱的食性特征,本研究利用碳、氮稳定同位素技术于2015年冬季和2016年夏季对广西北海廉州湾红树林中光背团水虱及其食物来源的碳、氮稳定同位素比值（δ13C值和δ15N值）进行分析。结果显示,冬季和夏季光背团水虱的δ13C值大小范围为-22.85‰~-21.87‰,平均值为（-22.46±0.35）‰;δ15N值大小范围为11.02‰~12.85‰,平均值为（11.88±0.56）‰;光背团水虱的δ13C值、δ15N值变化范围较小,表明其食物来源较为简单。单因素方差分析结果显示,冬季与夏季光背团水虱的平均δ13C值差异不显著（P>0.05）,而夏季的δ15N值普遍高于冬季δ15N值,差异显著（P<0.05）;不同生长阶段的光背团水虱δ13C值、δ15N值会随着体长的增长而增大,差异显著（P<0.05）,表明光背团水虱在生长的过程中可能发生了食性转变。光背团水虱的δ13C值与浮游生物的δ13C值相近,而与红树植物δ13C值差距较远,说明光背团水虱主要以浮游生物为食物来源。基于R语言稳定同位素混合模型（SIAR）计算结果显示,冬季和夏季各粒径级别浮游生物对不同生长阶段的光背团水虱的贡献率趋势基本一致,表现为1.2~25 μm粒级的浮游生物对光背团水虱平均贡献率最高,其次为25~50 μm粒级,粒径大于100 μm的浮游生物对体长小于5.5 mm的光背团水虱贡献率较低,对体长大于5.5 mm的光背团水虱的贡献率随着体长增大而相应增大,说明不同生长阶段的光背团水虱食性有差异。对光背团水虱食性分析的结果可为深入研究团水虱爆发的原因及危害红树林的作用机理提供基础资料。     

吴尔夫作图法的改进

本文从两方面对吴尔夫作图法进行了改进:(1) 通过标志点变赤平投影面的两次转换为一次转换;(2) 回避使用近极区以提高作图精度,优选倾伏角度改善立体图形象。文中对异极矿晶体优选的结果是前倾30°。改进了的吴尔夫作图法更加简单、快速,并获得好的晶体立体图。证明该法是几种作图方法中最好的一种。     

龙门山断裂带测区古构造残余应力随深度分布及带中残余能量

以岩体正交异性弹性理论为基础，用Ｘ射线法，在龙门山断裂带测区，选取３个小区深钻孔系列的岩心，测量了岩体中宏观残余应力场的水平和铅直三维主分量、水平和铅直最大剪应力，及其应变能密度随深度的分布，分析了它们沿深度的分布规律，估算了该断裂带岩体中储存的宏观残余弹性应变能的量级     

浙闽近海瓯江凹陷新生代地质构造发展特征

瓯江凹陷的上白垩统和下第三系建造序列具体反映了断凹演化。断陷阶段分为初始开裂、强裂裂开、全面裂陷和频繁振荡。凹陷阶段沐现了海浸—沉降—填满全过程,凹陷由数个剖面上呈箕状的菱形次级小断块组成。这种结构及发展特征既与弧后垃开体制有关,也与瓯江凹陷处于中生代地体碰撞带有关。瓯江凹陷是东海陆架弧后裂陷盆地的一部分。     

中国国家地质公园空间分布及其演化研究

2001年4月至2013年12月,国土资源部正式批准授牌了七批共240处国家地质公园。随着国家地质公园数量的增长,其在空间上呈现出一定的分布结构和演化规律。通过GIS空间分析发现:中国国家地质公园在空间上呈现显著凝聚分布;空间分布不均,具有空间集群分布的特征;分布的高密度地区为1个带状区域和4个块状区域。通过对不同阶段国家地质公园空间分布的分析,发现中国国家地质公园分布重心向北迁移、与区域中心城市的关系日趋紧密。地质构造条件、地质公园的旅游化以及拟建地政府部门认知水平是影响国家地质公园空间分布演化的重要因素。     

南海区多鱼种声学评估工作程序

总结了利用SimradEK50 0声学系统进行了南海区多鱼种资源评估经验 ,介绍了多鱼种声学评估的工作流程 ,包括调查方案制定、声学数据采集、映像分析、积分值分配、资源量的计算方法等关键过程 ,同时及在工作中应该注意的细节。     

A very rare triple-peaked type-I X-ray burst in the low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1636−53

We have discovered a triple-peaked X-ray burst from the low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) 4U 1636−53 with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer ( RXTE ). This is the first triple-peaked burst reported from any LMXB using RXTE , and it is only the second burst of this kind observed from any source. (The previous one was also from 4U 1636−53, and was observed with EXOSAT .) From fits to time-resolved spectra, we find that this is not a radius-expansion burst, and the same triple-peaked pattern seen in the X-ray light curve is also present in the bolometric light curve of the burst. Similar to what was previously observed in double-peaked bursts from this source, the radius of the emitting area increases steadily during the burst, with short periods in between during which the radius remains more or less constant. The temperature first increases steeply, and then decreases across the burst also showing three peaks. The first and last peak in the temperature profile occur, respectively, significantly before and after the first and last peaks in the X-ray and bolometric light curves. We found no significant oscillations during this burst. This triple-peaked burst, as well as the one observed with EXOSAT and the double-peak bursts in this source, all took place when 4U 1636−53 occupied a relatively narrow region in the colour–colour diagram, corresponding to a relatively high (inferred) mass-accretion rate. No model presently available is able to explain the multiple-peaked bursts.     

易崩落危岩的调查与防治

危岩崩落是山区常见的一种不良物理地质现象。本文从详实的现场调查资料着手,对危岩体的危害性进行了详细的分析、计算论证,并提出了具体的拦截、支挡和镶补沟缝等切实可行的防治措施。      

A new record of ponyfish <Emphasis Type="Italic">Deveximentum megalolepis</Emphasis> (Perciformes: Leiognathidae) in Beibu Gulf of China

A new record ponyfish, Deveximentum megalolepis Mochizuki and Hayashi, 1989, was documented based on its morphological characteristics and DNA barcode. Fifty specimens were collected from Beibu Gulf of China and identified as D. megalolepis by morphological characterization. The coloration, meristic traits, and morphometric measurements were consistent with previously published records. In general, it is a silver-white, laterally compressed and deep bodied ponyfish with 6–9 rows of scales on cheek; scale rows above lateral line 6–8; scale rows below lateral line 14–17. Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I subunit (COI) gene fragment was sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. There is no sequence variation of COI gene between the specimens collected in this study. The genetic distances between D. megalolepis and other congeneric species range from 3.6% to 14.0%, which were greater than the threshold for fish species delimitation. The COI sequence analysis also supported the validity of D. megalolepis at genetic level. However, the genetic distance between Chinese and Philippine individuals was about 1.2% and they formed two lineages in gene tree, which may be caused by the geographical distance.