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A. G. Boldeskul V. V. Shamov B. I. Gartsman N. K. Kozhevnikova T. S. Gubareva T. N. Lutsenko 《Water Resources》2016,43(1):145-157
In the article, the results of field observations of the chemical composition of the small river basin waters obtained during warm periods in 2011–2012 are presented. Seven basic geographical types of water were investigated, namely, cyclonic rainfall, rainstorm, throughfall, subsurface soil flow, low water flow (specific discharges of waters do not exceed 2.5 L/s km2), low floods (peak specific discharges are from 2.5 to 16 L/s km2) and medium floods (peak specific discharges are from 16 to about 100 L/s km2). A result of the interaction between the rain water and landscape constituents is that all examined natural waters differ to the maximum extent in the anionic composition. A chemical type of stream waters is sufficiently stable; it is formed predominantly within the soil-ground cover and does not change with increase in flow rate. 相似文献
2.
L-moments method is briefly described and compared with classical methods of moments and maximal likelihood. Algorithms are
given for calculating parameters of some distributions widely used in engineering hydrology, meteorology, etc. The advantages
of L-moments method relative to alternative methods are analyzed for several examples. 相似文献
3.
A procedure of forecasting the hydrograph of rain-fed rivers four to six days ahead from precipitation data is considered. The forecast procedure is based on basin-indicators. A new element of the procedure is an original model of the flood cycle in a small river basin used as a first element of the entire rainfall-runoff transformation scheme. Application is discussed of the complete prediction algorithm, given the necessary number of basin-indicators, and the incomplete algorithm that is adapted to a real state of the observation network in different ways. 相似文献
4.
Methods for the analysis of the formation of river water chemistry based on mixing models are discussed. An analytical solution for a mixing model of four recharge sources is given along with the results of its adaptation based on the materials of hydrochemical and hydrological observations over 2013 and 2014 in drainage basins in Primorski Krai. The analysis and calculations revealed four components of river recharge in these years: rainwater, two types of subsoil water, and groundwater, the latter forming the base runoff. The estimates of the mixing model with four sources and its tests showed a high quality of modeling. 相似文献
5.
T. S. Gubareva 《Geography and Natural Resources》2012,33(1):74-82
A set of problems related to formation of areas homogeneous in hydrological aspect is considered. A methodology of regionalization
is proposed. New analytical methods of the methodology are intended of solving such problems as (i) the problem of regionalization
and (ii) the problem of constructing of a classification for river drainage basins. Efficiency of the methods proposed has
been tested on the problems, which arise in the process of constructing classifications for river drainage basins, and also
on the problem of territorial regionalization of Japan islands. Investigations, which presume obtaining a set of morphometric
and hydrographic characteristics of catchment areas, allow one to study conditions of extreme inundations. It has been discovered
that boundaries of the areas have striking similarities in the spatial location of geological structures. Furthermore, these
are coincide with the boundaries of the main tectonic fields. 相似文献
6.
An algorithm has been proposed for the diagnostics of the number of runoff genetic components and reliable chemical tracers in mixing models. The algorithm is applied to the analysis of data of hydrological—hydrochemical monitoring obtained during experimental studies on small watersheds in Elovyi Creek basin. The number of stable genetic runoff components and the list of tracers can vary from year to year depending on the state of moistening on the watershed. 相似文献
7.
Gartsman B. I. Gubareva T. S. Lupakov S. Yu. Orlyakovskii A. V. Tarbeeva A. M. Shamov V. V. Shekman E. A. 《Water Resources》2020,47(2):179-188
Water Resources - Large subsurface streams on steep slopes have stable positions with distinct catchment areas (drainage basins), linear shapes, and lengths of tens and hundreds meters. They form a... 相似文献
8.
T. S. Gubareva 《Water Resources》2011,38(7):962-971
The development of an optimal scheme for evaluation of maximal water discharges is discussed, including adequate probability
distribution laws, an effective procedure for their approximation based on observational data, and reliable goodness-of-fit
tests for analytical and empirical distributions. One-dimensional probability distribution laws are systematized. Promising
distributions were identified, including generalized distribution of extreme values, lognormal distribution, Pearson type
V power distribution, and GPD, for evaluating maximal discharges. The available methods for approximating analytical curves,
including the up-to-date method of L-moments are considered. Parameter estimation algorithm based on L-moment method for Pearson type III distribution is considered. Pearson type III distribution, lognormal distribution, GEV,
and GPD are compared in the approximation of maximal water discharges in rivers of Austria, Siberia, Far East, and the Hawaiian
Islands. 相似文献
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