Triassic integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China

The Triassic rocks are widespread in China, and both marine and terrestrial strata are well developed. The Triassic stratigraphic architecture of China is very complex in both spatial variation of the so-called "South Marine and North Continental", i.e. the southern areas of China occupied mostly by marine facies while the northern China by terrestrial facies during the Triassic Period, and temporal transition of the "Lower Marine and Upper Continental", i.e. the lower part of the Triassic System composed mainly of marine facies and the upper part of terrestrial strata especially in South China. Although the Global Stratotype Section and Point(GSSP) of the Permian-Triassic boundary is located in South China, the Triassic of China except for some marine Lower-Middle Triassic depositions shows significantly local characteristics and is hardly correlated with the global chronostratigraphic chart. Consequently, the Triassic of China contains not only the international research hotspots but also difficult points in stratigraphic study. This paper aims to present a brief review of the Triassic in China, including chronostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy and chemostratigraphy, and summarize an integrated Triassic stratigraphic framework of China. Accordingly, a stratigraphic correlation is proposed for the lithostratigraphic sequences among the three tectono-paleogeographic stratigraphic regions. The comprehensive study indicates that ammonoids are the classic index fossils in Triassic biostratigraphy but conodonts are more advantageous in the study and definition of the Triassic chronostratigraphic boundaries. China still has the potential to optimize the GSSPs of the Induan-Olenekian boundary and Olenekian-Anisian boundary. The correlation of the Permian-Triassic boundary between marine and terrestrial facies might be achieved with the help of the Permian-Triassic "transitional bed" and its related biotic and environmental events in association with the biostratigraphic study of conchostracan, vertebrate and plant fossils. In addition, the carbon isotopes have been proved to be one of the powerful methods in marine Triassic stratigraphic study, whereas the oxygen and strontium isotopes may be additional important bridges to establish the correlation between the marine and terrestrial strata, but as yet lacking of relevant studies in terrestrial strata. Considering the most stratigraphic intervals of the Triassic and the terrestrial Triassic in China are difficult to be correlated to the global chart, the proposed Chinese(regional) Triassic chronostratigraphic chart of marine and terrestrial stages would be of importance to the study of Chinese Triassic stratigraphy and related aspects, but the stages must be conceptually in line with international standards and studied as soon as possible in order to finalize the definition.     

Phosphorus adsorption characteristics at the sediment–water interface and relationship with sediment properties in FUSHI reservoir, China

This study was designed to survey the reservoir sediment properties, assess the phosphorus (P) sorption isotherm, and analyze the relationship between sediment properties and sorption parameters. Physicochemical analysis indicated that sediment from the FUSHI reservoir in Zhejiang Province, China, has similar physical and chemical properties and has been contaminated by P. Sorption isotherm experiments showed that the sorption process could be described by Langmuir and Freundlich models. The parameters of Q _max (Phosphorus sorption maximum) and K (Freundlich adsorption isotherm constant) ranged from 618.98 to 825.70?mg?kg^?1 and 114.18 to 170.74?l?kg^?1, respectively. EPC₀ (zero P equilibrium concentration) ranged from 0.14 to 0.24?mg?l^?1, more than the total P concentration in the water of the reservoir. Thus, the reservoir sediment releases P into the water and acts as a ??P resource??. The clay, Fe_o, Al_t, and Fe_t?+?Al_t content were the main active components in P sorption. Q _max had a highly significant positive relationship with some properties and could be estimated by a combination of these.     

龙永煤田童子岩组层序地层格架与聚煤规律研究

龙永煤田位于我国华南晚古生代闽西南地体聚煤盆地中最主要的富煤带上,童子岩组是其主要含煤岩系。笔者在收集岩心、野外露头和测井等地质资料的基础上,运用层序地层学的基本理论和研究思路,对龙永煤田童子岩组进行了分析,确定了层序界线,阐明其层序地层格架,揭示了该煤田的聚煤规律。研究表明：童子岩组存在初始海泛面和最大海侵面两个关键界面。初始海泛面位于童子组二段的Ⅱ标志层底部,是三级层序（层序Ⅰ和层序Ⅱ）的分界面;最大海泛面位于童子组二段泥岩的顶部,是三级层序Ⅱ中海侵体系域与高水位体系域的分界面。层序Ⅰ包含6个四级层序（准层序S1～S6）,层序Ⅱ包含6个四级层序（准层序S7～S12）,其中层序Ⅰ对应文笔山组和童子岩组一段地层,层序Ⅱ对应童子岩组二段和三段地层。聚煤作用主要发生在高位体系域中,最重要的聚煤作用发育在障壁岛—泻湖相和滨岸湖泊相中,主采煤层主要发育在S3、S4、S9、S10和S12的5个准层序内。