A reach‐scale biogeochemical model for temporary rivers

The RS‐tempQ Model ( r each– s cale t emporary flow biogeochemical model) is a conceptual model that can describe the hydrologic, sediment transport and biogeochemical processes of temporary rivers at the reach scale. The model takes into account the expansion–contraction of the inundated area of the river. It simulates the sediment transport and the nutrient fluxes that are transferred to the coastal area due to the first flash flood and during extreme rain events. The RS‐tempQ Model simulates the in‐stream processes during the wet and dry cycles as the river corridor expands and contracts. The model was used to assess and quantify the hydrologic and geochemical processes occurring in a temporary river reach (Krathis River) in Greece. Since the conventional gauging techniques cannot measure the flow in rivers that are split into small braided streams, discharge measurements could not be obtained in order to calibrate and verify the model. Other field measurements such as infiltration losses and sediment accumulation were used for model calibration. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

ALTERATIONS OF RIVER MORPHOLOGY DUE TO VEGETATION ON SLOPES AND FLOOD PLAINS

LRESEarCHACTIVITIESCharaCtCriedcofunlinedalluvialriVersisthe~linteractionbettVeenwaterflowandmovableriVerbed.Sedimenttransport,bedresistanceandriVermorphologydecisivelydependontheflowconditionsandviceversathesefactorsgovernthehydraulicprocesses.EVenundersimplifiedconditions,e.g.inlaboratorytests,theseillteractionsareeXtremelycomplexandrelldsraliZationmakesengineeringproblemsevenmored~.TomaketheseprocessesmoreunderstandablecomprehensiVeresearchprojectswereconductedatseveralGermanuniv…     

准噶尔盆地头屯河地区侏罗系沉积环境与构造意义

准噶尔盆地头屯河地区侏罗系陆相层序包含4种沉积:(1)冲积扇平原湿地中的砾石质河流沉积(八遭湾组),其特征提示在湿地中发育了规模不同的大河道(深3—5m,宽1OOm左右)及较小的分流或决口河道(深2m以下,宽6—30m)。(2)沙质低弯度河沉积,晚三工河、早西山窑、头屯河及齐古组沉积期的河流沉积属之。其特点是河道相与河间相间的界线清楚,提示河道在某一段时期固定于平原的特定地带;河道规模受古气候和构造的制约;气候干旱化和构造抬升(如头屯河组沉积时期),侵蚀基面降低,河流动力增加,因而河流规模变大,反之变小;晚头屯河组沉积期的干旱气候存在暂时性河道。(3)三角洲前缘沉积(河口中坝),见于八道湾、三工河及喀拉扎组中。(4)开阔湖相沉积,以三工河组厚的页岩层序为代表。 砂岩成分逆向反映源区剥蚀顺序。下侏罗统富含泥质岩屑,表示天山上古生界浅变质及沉积层系被剥蚀。自下而上,碎屑中稳定矿物增加,粒度变细,反映源区由于剥蚀而后退。中—上侏罗统砂岩成分演化方向不同于下侏罗统,可能与三工河组沉积末期盆地边缘构造回春有关。在Q-F-L三角图中,侏罗系样品大都落在构造区之间,反映陆相盆地充填物的混合来源。下—中侏罗统的煤既有原地生成,亦有重要的他生类型。     

The Cretaceous of the Eastern Bangong-Nujiang Suture Zone (Tibet):Tectono-Sedimentation

1IntroductionThe Tibet plateau consists of terranes which were accreted in a southward-younging succession from Late Permian to Mid-Eocene (Dewey etal., 1988; Mattern etal., 1998; Mattern and Schneider, 2000). The Songpan-Ganzi terrane was accreted to the Kunlun during Late Permian along Kunlun-Qin-ling suture. The Qiangtang block was added onto the Songpan-Ganzi terrane at the Jinsha suture dur-ing Late Triassic-Early Jurassic. The Lhasa block became attached to the Qia…