Heterodyne spectroscopy of the 158 micron C II line in M42

We have obtained velocity-resolved spectra of the 12C II 157.8 microns 2P3/2-2P1/2 fine structure line in the M42 region of Orion. Observations at 0.8 km s-1 resolution with a laser heterodyne spectrometer show multiple velocity components in some locations, with typical linewidths of 3-5 km s-1. Spectra of theta 1C and BN-KL also show weak emission from the F = 2-1 hyperfine component of the equivalent 13C II line. From the observed 12C II/13C II line intensity ratios, we deduce that the 12C II emission is optically thick with tau approximately 5 at both positions. Excitation temperatures of 128 K and 90 K, together with column densities of approximately 1 x 10(19) cm-2 and approximately 4 x 10(18) cm-2, are derived for theta 1C and BN-KL, respectively.     

热中子测井监测含水层中不混溶相有机污染物

介绍了热中子热井的试验原理及野外和室内试验方法，阐述了热中子测井对在含水层中运移复杂的不混溶相有机污染物探测和监测有可行性及其优缺点。     

Epi- and endobiont faunal communities on an Egyptian Mediterranean rocky shore: species composition and their competition for space

The exposed calcareous rocky area of the Abu Qir Headland,east of Alexandria,Egypt which range from coarse grains,through pebbles,cobbles,and boulders to rocky platforms,was signifi cantly colonized by sclerobionts(epibionts and endobionts).The epibiont species diversity was comparatively higher than that of endobionts.Epibiont communities included bryozoans(the anascan-grade cheilostome Bifl ustra savartii),serpulid(Hydroides elegans,Spirobranchus cf.tetraceros,Vermiliopsis striaticeps and Protula or Apomatus)and spirorbid(Spirorbis)wormtubes,and balanoid barnacles(Amphibalanus amphitrite,Balanus trigonus,and Perforatus perforatus).The cheilostome bryozoan colonies,which developed extensive sheets,proliferated on the study rocky shore either encrusting the bioeroded basement directly,or encrusting other epilithic taxa,particularly balanoid barnacles and serpulid worms.Encrusters displayed a remarkable marginal competitive interaction(overgrowth and stand-off)for space on the study rocky shore.On the other hand,endobionts were not well represented on the studied rocky shore exposure.It was possible to identify three ichnotaxa:Gastrochaenolites,Maeandropolydora,and Finichnus.The fi ndings documented represent a signifi cant contribution to our knowledge of sclerobionts composition,sequence of their colonization and/or bioerosion,and their mutual relationships on the intertidal rocky shore of the Abu Qir Headland.     

粒子加速器中高精度丝线绝对位置测量技术研究

粒子加速器中采用振动线技术进行共架单元上多块磁铁的高精度预准直,需要将振动线代表的磁中心引出进行共架单元之间的相对准直。为了获取以振动线为代表的丝线高精度空间绝对位置,本文对采用近景摄影测量技术进行点、线位置求解的方法进行了研究。利用单相机多站位的方法进行拍摄,通过标定板提供的高精度控制点坐标,采用自标定光束法平差对相机进行标定,并提出将空间直线离散成空间2点进行直线整体精确求解。对标定板上由2点组成的模拟直线进行测量验证,并与标定板提供的理论值进行对比,结果显示空间直线位置获取精度优于5 μm。这表明了本文理论和方法的正确性,为进一步研究丝线高精度空间绝对位置测量打下了基础。     

Structural Setting and Kinematic Analysis of the Halaban Region,Eastern Arabian Shield,Saudi Arabia

The vorticity analysis technique was applied to measure the different lithological units,such as schist,metagranite and metavolcano-sedimentary rocks,which are present in the Halaban region.This work aims to interpret the relationship between the different lithologies and the tectonic setting,in order to elucidate the nature of kinematic analysis in the Halaban region.The kinematic analyses were applied to feldspar porphyroclasts,quartz and hornblende for twentysix samples.The kinematic vorticity number (W_m) for deformed rocks in the study area ranged from～0.6 to 0.9.The direction of the long axes for finite strain data (X axes) revealed a WNW trend with shallow dipping.The direction of the short axes for finite strain data (Z axes) were represented by vertical with associated horizontal foliation.The results of the kinematic vorticity and strain analyses are characterized by simple shear with different degrees of deformation in the Halaban region.Furthermore,our finite strain data shows no significant volume change during deformation.The subhorizontal foliation was synchronized with thrusting and deformation.Furthermore,throughout the overlying nappes,the same attitudes of tectonic contacts are observable,the nappes in the orogens being formed from simple shear deformation.     

Biochemical alterations in juvenile carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to zinc: glutathione reductase as a target

The aim of this study was to investigate biochemical changes in juvenile carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to zinc chloride (10, 30 and 100 microM) for a period of 48 h. Zinc exposure caused a concentration-dependent reduction in glutathione reductase (GR) activity in gills, liver and brain. Gill glutathione S-transferase (GST) was reduced when animals were exposed to the highest concentration of 100 microM zinc. The phosphorylation of p38(MAPK) increased in the brain of fish exposed to zinc 100 microM, while phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2) remained unchanged. Expression of proteins HSP60 and HSP70 were not affected by zinc exposure. Considering the significant concentration-dependent inhibition of GR in all tissues analyzed, this enzyme could be a potential biomarker of exposure to zinc, which has to be confirmed.     

北京1990年大海坨山地震尾波Q－1sup>随时间的变化

利用中国数字地震台网(CDSN)北京台记录, 计算了北京地区1987年1月至1991年8月近90个地方震尾波Q－1,研究了大海坨山5.4级地震前后尾波Q－1随时间的变化和与该区地震活动性的关系。结果表明, 在频率1-16HZ、尾波持续时间10-60S内, 尾波Q－1在该期间出现明显的时间变化, 且与该区地震活动有关。在地震前后, 主震区的尾波Q－1值显示出震前低震后高, 而在外部区域则为震前高震后低。同时发现, 尾波Q－1与频率的幂函数关系式Q－1=Q(f/f0)-中的幂次数及相当于频率1Hz时的品质因素Q0也随时间而变。实测结果表明, 三个分向的尾波Q－1在各频率上随时间的变化表现并不一致。      

Spatial and temporal variability of ground water recharge in central Australia: a tracer approach

Two environmental tracer methods are applied to the Ti-Tree Basin in central Australia to shed light on the importance of recharge from floodouts of ephemeral rivers in this arid environment. Ground water carbon-14 concentrations from boreholes are used to estimate the average recharge rate over the interval between where the ground water sample first entered the saturated zone and the bore. Environmental chloride concentrations in ground water samples provide estimates of the recharge rate at the exact point in the landscape where the sample entered the saturated zone. The results of the two tracer approaches indicate that recharge rates around one of the rivers and an extensive floodplain are generally higher than rates of diffuse recharge that occurs in areas of lower topographic relief. Ground water 2H/1H and 18O/16O compositions are all depleted in the heavier isotopes (delta2H = -67 per thousand to -50 per thousand; delta18O = -9.2 per thousand to -5.7%o) compared with the long-term, amount-weighted mean isotopic composition of rainfall in the area (delta2H = -33.8 per thousand; delta18O = -6.3 per thousand). This indicates that recharge throughout the basin occurs only after intense rainfall events of at least 150 to 200 mm/month. Finally, a recharge map is developed to highlight the spatial extent of the two recharge mechanisms. Floodout recharge to the freshest ground water (TDS <1,000 mg/L) is approximately 1.9 mm/year compared with a mean recharge rate of approximately 0.2 mm/year to the remainder of the basin. These findings have important implications for management of the ground water resource.     

1929年大浅滩地震的复杂双力偶震源机制

1929年大浅滩地震(M_s=7.2)是发生在加拿大的最大和最致命的地震之一。这次地震引起的海啸和海底滑坡造成大量的死亡和破坏。曾经认为(Hasegawa and Kanamori,1987),单力机制(滑坡)比双力偶机制更符合观测资料,因之曾认为这个事件不是地震。但是个别的研究只考虑了4个双力偶解并且留下了许多不能回答的问题,特别是与震源时间函数和沉积物体积有关的问题。本文用了大量的地震图来核查全范围的双力偶解,以便进一步确定这次事件的性质。通过波形正演和反演两种方法,表明这是一次有复杂震源机制的地震事件。第1个也是最大约子事件是沿北西走向断层面发生的走滑双力偶事件,后面两个子事件可能是沿北东走向断层面上的走滑双力偶机制,但也不能完全排除其他类型的机制。第1个子事件有约束较好、为20±2km的震源深度,另两个子事件深度似乎也为20km,但精度为±5km。这些震源深度结果也说明这次事件不是滑坡。子事件地震矩之和相当于一个M_w=7.2±0.3的地震,和长周期资料的矩心矩张量(CMT)方法得到的M_w=7.1±0.1的地震的矩很一致,也和直接从地震图上计算的M_s=7.2(±0.3),m_b=7.1(±0.2)的矩差不多。用双力偶机制模拟海底位移结果表明,海啸是滑坡产生的,不是地震直接引起的。