岩石试件尺寸对裂纹应力场影响的数值分析

用数值方法和岩石力学实验模拟地震断层的破裂过程时, 模型或试件的尺寸选取不合适将影响断层附近的应力场. 本文利用二维弹性有限元方法, 计算了一个含椭圆孔的岩石试件在不同尺寸下的应力场, 并与相应的无限域椭圆孔问题的解析解进行了比较. 数值分析结果表明, 含椭圆孔的岩石试件在单轴压缩情况下, 其边界效应对内部应力场的影响不容忽视; 试件的临界尺寸长宽比约为3:2, 孔的尖端到边界的距离与孔的长轴的比值约为7.3. 这种数值分析试件尺寸的方法, 不仅可以为岩石力学实验提供理论依据, 同时也为确定数值模拟断层错动等问题中几何模型的大小提供了参考价值.      

Numerical analysis on the influence of rock specimen size on crack stress field

Introduction Earthquakes are excited by dislocations of rocks, which are generated once the stresses on two sides of rocks accumulate to a certain extent. Numerical simulations and rock mechanics ex-periments are two important avenues to explore the rupture processes of seismic faults. Several methods are widely used in numerical simulations, such as the boundary element method (BEM), (Das and Aki, 1977; Fukuyama and Madariaga, 1995, 1998), the finite difference method (FDM), (Madariaga, 1…