Consolidation of double‐layered ground with vertical drains

Vertical drains are usually installed in subsoil consisting of several layers. Due to the complex nature of the problem, over the past decades, the consolidation properties of multi‐layered ground with vertical drains have been analysed mainly by numerical methods. An analytical solution for consolidation of double‐layered ground with vertical drains under quasi‐equal strain condition is presented in this paper. The main steps for the computation procedure are listed. The convergence of the series solution is discussed. The comparisons between the results obtained by the present analytical method and the existing numerical solutions are described by figures. The orthogonal relation for the system of double‐layered ground with vertical drains is proven. Finally, some consolidation properties of double‐layered ground with vertical drains are analysed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

FITS、BMP和SCR图象格式及相互转换

本文详细介绍图象的ＦＩＴＳ格式、ＢＭＰ格式和ＳＣＲ格式。ＦＩＴＳ格式已经是天文界的通用格式，几乎所有的天文软件包都支持这一格式，而ＢＭＰ格式在ＰＣ计算机上有广泛的运用，有大量ＰＣ软件支持ＢＭＰ图象的显示，处理和打印。云南天文台的ＳＣＲ格式是ＰＣ机采集ＣＣＤ图象所使用的格式。实现这三种格式的相互转换，就可以自由的将ＣＣＤ图象在ＰＣ机和工作站上进行各种处理。转换的包括图象头和图象数据的转换，其关键在于交换数据的高低字节。     

A rope-shaped solar filament and a IIIb flare

On September 14–18, 2000, a medium-small solar active region was observed at Ganyu Station of Purple Mountain Observatory. Its spots were not large, but it had a peculiar active filament. On Sep.16, a flare of importance III_b with rather intense geophysical effects was produced. Our computation of the magnetic structure of the active region reveals that the rope-shaped filament was concerned with a low magnetic arc close to magnetic neutral line. An intense shear of magnetic field occurred near magnetic rope. The QSL analysis shows that a 3-D magnetic reconnection might appear in the vicinity of filament, and this can be used to interpret the formation of a large flare.     

Elliptical galaxies under perturbation

Three experiments on the initially slightly flattened spheroids (=0.45) have been made. The first one is run without perturbation and the others with perturbation. The results have shown that the spheroid without perturbation will evolve to nearly sphere and the other two will almost keep the originally projected shape after perturbation and relaxation.Paper presented at the IAU Third Asian-Pacific Regional Meeting, held in Kyoto, Japan, between 30 September–6 October, 1984.     

Application of MODFLOW and geographic information system to groundwater flow simulation in North China Plain, China

MODFLOW is a groundwater modeling program. It can be compiled and remedied according to the practical applications. Because of its structure and fixed data format, MODFLOW can be integrated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology for water resource management. The North China Plain (NCP), which is the politic, economic and cultural center of China, is facing with water resources shortage and water pollution. Groundwater is the main water resource for industrial, agricultural and domestic usage. It is necessary to evaluate the groundwater resources of the NCP as an entire aquifer system. With the development of computer and internet information technology it is also necessary to integrate the groundwater model with the GIS technology. Because the geological and hydrogeological data in the NCP was mainly in MAPGIS format, the powerful function of GIS of disposing of and analyzing spatial data and computer languages such as Visual C and Visual Basic were used to define the relationship between the original data and model data. After analyzing the geological and hydrogeological conditions of the NCP, the groundwater flow numerical simulation modeling was constructed with MODFLOW. On the basis of GIS, a dynamic evaluation system for groundwater resources under the internet circumstance was completed. During the process of constructing the groundwater model, a water budget was analyzed, which showed a negative budget in the NCP. The simulation period was from 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2003. During this period, the total recharge of the groundwater system was 49,374 × 10⁶ m³ and the total discharge was 56,530 × 10⁶ m³ the budget deficit was −7,156 × 10⁶ m³. In this integrated system, the original data including graphs and attribution data could be stored in the database. When the process of evaluating and predicting groundwater flow was started, these data were transformed into files that the core program of MODFLOW could read. The calculated water level and drawdown could be displayed and reviewed online.     

河流集合预报方法(ESP)在水资源中长期预测中的应用研究

中长期径流预测是水文水资源研究领域中的一项重要内容,为水资源规划管理及可持续利用、防汛抗旱、水库调度与发电计划制作、工农业用水计划编制等提供科学依据,对国民经济发展具有十分重要的意义.但由于大气圈极其复杂,水文要素并非仅是气象强迫输入的函数.它还受流域基本特性,前期来水以及人类活动等诸多因素的影响,中长期径流预测在其计算中存在着多种不确定性.因此,中长期径流预测一直是水文预测研究中难度较大的课题之一.本文引入河流集合预报方法(ESP),以丹江口水库为应用实例,利用水文气象历史资料和新安江水文模型,预测分析水库2007年10月份每旬的平均入库流量及概率分布统计,并经与实测流量过程对比分析,满足水库运行调度需求,为水库发电计划制作提供了可靠依据.     

海洋石油管道单点提升分析

基于管道微单元体平衡建立了海管单点提升的非线性力学模型的控制微分方程组 ,使用变弧长的无量纲代换将动边界问题化为固定边界的两点边值问题 ,利用Maple环境下编制的两点边值问题的打靶法程序得到了该问题在各个提升阶段的数值解答和在单点提升过程中管道的极限弯矩约为 0 .71q1 3(EI) 2 3。     

九脊游仆虫(Euplotes novemcarinata Wang,1930)的纤毛下器与银线系研究(纤毛动物门,腹毛目)

九脊游仆虫(Euplotes novemcarinata Wang、1930)是土壤及淡水中生活的原生动物。本文对其重要的分类特征诸如银线系及纤毛下器做了形态学研究,确认了其分类地位,并比较了国外迄今的研究工作,在此基础上,将同物异名苔藓游仆虫(E.muscicolaKahl、1932)作了归并。     

Full-range nonlinear analysis of fatigue behaviors of reinforced concrete structures by finite element method

Ｆｕｌｌ－ｒａｎｇｅｎｏｎｌｉｎｅａｒａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆｆａｔｉｇｕｅｂｅｈａｖｉｏｒｓｏｆｒｅｉｎｆｏｒｃｅｄｃｏｎｃｒｅｔｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓｂｙｆｉｎｉｔｅｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｍｅｔｈｏｄ￥ＳｏｎｇＹｕｐｕ；ＺｈａｏＳｈｕｎｂｏ；ＷａｎｇＲｕｉｍ...     

海藻糖类的气相色谱分析 Ⅱ.红藻及红藻多糖中D-半乳糖和3, 6-内醚半乳糖的测定

红藻中的糖类主要以多糖形式存在(琼胶、卡拉胶等)，其中主要的单糖组分是D-半乳糖和3, 6-内醚半乳糖，除此之外还含有少晕的木糖、葡萄糖及甘露糖等成分。由于各单糖的相互干扰，难以用比色等着通化学分析方法对每一种单糖准确地定性定量。作者曾研究过褐藻中单糖的气相色谱测定法, 但该法不能测定3, 6-内醚半乳糖，囚为这种内醚糖对酸水解不稳定。据Dutton和Nozawa等人报道, 将多糖经甲醇分解后进行气相色谱分析，结果令人满意。本文用琼胶(Difco bacto-agar)作代表，研究探讨了红藻胶甲醇-HCI分解的条件，确定了红藻胶中D-半乳糖和3, 6-内醚半乳糖的气相色谱分析方法，并将其应用于红藻中D-半乳糖和3, 6-内醚半乳糖的分析。