长沙地区蒸发皿水体蒸发过程中稳定同位素的变化特征

蒸发过程中水体同位素分馏与蒸发时的气象要素密切相关。为此,于2013年6―9月份在长沙地区进行了4组室外蒸发皿蒸发实验,从而探讨蒸发剩余水体中稳定同位素与温度、相对湿度等气象要素之间的关系。实验结果表明：1）剩余水体中稳定同位素比率随着剩余水比例f的减少而富集,在高温无雨的伏旱天气下,蒸发剩余水体中稳定同位素分馏结果与瑞利分馏模式比较吻合;2）温度越高,分馏效应也将变大,蒸发过程中稳定同位素比率的改变量也将变大,随着水体质量的减小,稳定同位素比率的变化与相对湿度呈现负相关,尤其到蒸发后期,负相关关系更为明显,这可能是由于实验后期剩余水体绝对质量太小,易受空气中稳定同位素的影响;3）蒸发线δ2H＝3.89δ18O－24.55与δ2H＝3.38δ18O－24.96的斜率和截距明显小于同时期长沙降水线δ2H＝6.85δ18O－4.4的斜率和截距,与同时期湘江河水蒸发线δ2H＝3.9δ18O－13.2的斜率接近。以上结果说明本蒸发皿实验能一定程度上体现夏季自然水体蒸发分馏情况。     

Source‐sink System and Sedimentary Model of Progradational Fan Delta Controlled by Restricted Ancient Gully: An Example in the Enping Formation in the Southern Baiyun Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin,Northern South China Sea

Tectonic activity occurred during the depositional period of the Enping Formation in the southern Baiyun Sag in the Pearl River Mouth Basin,with a series of synsedimentary faults and a set of large fan delta reservoir bodies developing.There is no data from drilling,cores,etc.for this area,so this paper applies three-dimensional seismic data to study the structural style of the steep slope zone,the seismic facies characteristics of fan deltas,and the source-sink system and sedimentary model of the Enping Formation.The control action of tectonic activity on fan deltaic sedimentary systems is studied by combining interpretation of fault systems,dissection of structural styles,seismic reflection structure,seismic facies geometry,and seismic attribute analysis,together with theoretical analysis of the source-sink deposition process.The Baiyun Sag has experienced tectonic activity since the Eocene,and a series of synsedimentary faults are developed in the southern steep slope zone.Under the common control of multiple large synsedimentary faults,a large ancient gully formed in the steep slope zone in the south,which gradually widened from south to north.The uplift area in the southern part of the sag was exposed for a long time during the deposition of the Enping Formation and consequently suffered weathering and erosion.The resulting sediments were transported through a system of provenance channels composed of slopes and an ancient gully to the depression area,where they were deposited and eventually converged to form a large fan delta.The fan delta presents the overall characteristics of NS strong wedge reflection and EW strong domal reflection—thick in the middle part and thin in the wings.It displays a lobe-shaped distribution on the plane,with the fan root pointing to the south slope.According to differences in reflection intensity from bottom to top,it can be subdivided into three stages of progradational sedimentary bodies—the southern uplift and denudation zone,the large ancient gully,and the fan delta—which together constitute a complete source-sink system.This represents a sedimentary model of progradational fan delta under the overall joint control of the re stricted ancient gully and syndepositional faults.     

烟尘气溶胶对星地量子通信性能的影响

根据烟尘气溶胶的尺寸分布参数和消光系数,分析了烟尘气溶胶粒子数浓度与传输距离对链路衰减的影响。结合幅值阻尼信道对信道容量、信道保真度及信道误码率进行数值仿真。仿真结果表明,当传输距离为3 km,烟尘气溶胶粒子数浓度由2.1×10⁶ m^-3增加到3.2×10⁶ m^-3时,链路衰减由0.30 dB增加到0.46 dB,误码率由0.008 7增加到0.012 2。由此可见,烟尘气溶胶对星地量子通信的各项性能均有影响,且影响程度不一。仿真结果可为烟尘气溶胶影响下的量子信号传输提供参考。     

Wrench-related folding: A case study of Bohai Sea basin,China

Wrench motion is relatively common in basins but often goes undetected because of its subtle structural imprint. Even so wrench-related folding is of significance in petroleum exploration and development. Based on the Riedel shear nomenclature, we apply the model of wrench-related folding to deformation in the Bohai sea basin. The folding related to R-shears, T-tensional structural systems (T-systems) and C-compressive structural systems (C-systems) in a Riedel shear model are discussed. The R-system related folding results from differential movements between the two sides of fault blocks, in map view the fold is oriented (90°-φ/2) (in the initial deformation stage) or more than (90°-φ/2) from the principle displacement zone (PDZ), where φ is the angle of internal friction. The T-system related folding is related to the rollover of the hanging wall, and in map view the fold is initiated at 45° from the PDZ in the initial deformation stage. The C-system related folding is resulted from the compression induced by a wrench action, in map view the fold was oriented 45° from initial deformation in the PDZ. Bohai Sea basin fold orientations fit our models, and the wrench-related folds play important roles in oil and gas accumulation.     

Spatiotemporal characteristics and driving factors of global planetary albedo: an analysis using the Geodetector method

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - As an important parameter of the Earth’s energy budget, the planetary albedo of Earth varies with the dynamics of atmospheric and surface variables. In...     

盐在变形中的作用：库车坳陷与东濮坳陷盐构造对比研究

库车坳陷和东濮坳陷是两种变形性质完全不同的盆地,但构造的发育都与盐有关,通过对它们的对比来理解盐在变形中的作用具有重要的构造意义。库车坳陷盐构造主要发育在西部,受古近系库娒格列木群盐岩层分布控制,与印度板块和欧亚板块碰撞引起的压性应力场有关,发育的盐构造有盐核滑脱褶皱、盐滑断层、盐成盆地、盐焊接等。东濮坳陷盐构造主要发育在黄河北地区,受古近系沙三段的盐岩层分布的控制,与太平洋板块向欧亚板块之下俯冲引起的张性应力场有关,发育的盐构造有强制褶皱、盐滑断层、盐成盆地、盐焊接等。虽然两个盆地盐构造的性质不同,但盐在变形中所表现的主要作用相同,都主要起滑脱面的作用,盐发生流动的机理相同,主要与构造活动或断裂活动有关。