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滇西兰坪盆地北部发育了一类受逆冲推覆构造控制的浅成热液Cu—Ag—Pb-Zn矿化,形成了白秧坪、富隆厂、吴底厂、麻栗坪及金满、科登涧等大-中型矿床和矿点,并存在矿化分带。文章利用这些矿化脉体的流体包裹体和热液方解石的碳氧同位素组成资料,研究成矿流体与矿化分带的关系。结果表明,成矿流体主要属于NaCl-H2O成分体系,盐度ω(NaCleq)为2%~11%,形成温度为170~300℃,形成于1.8~3.8km深度内,这些相似性说明这类矿化的发生具有相似的流体性质和沉淀机制。热液方解石在δ^13C-δ^18O图解中呈近水平线展布的型式,指示流体源自地壳浅部的地下水系统,与海相灰岩等围岩作用形成了溶解碳以[HCO3^]-为主的成矿流体,流体与岩石的相互作用可能是成矿流体沉淀的主要机理。从西到东,流体包裹体的盐度-温度由高到低变化与矿化分带和逆冲推覆构造的根带→中带→锋带相配套,显示重力驱动流动可能是主要的流体流动机制。成矿流体在不同构造部位流动的通畅及流体.岩石系统的封闭-开放程度等流体流动性质与矿化发生的强度和规模有关,兰坪北部逆冲推覆构造中带的流体通畅地流动及沉淀时处于相对开放状态,有利于该区形成较大规模的浅成热液多金属矿化。 相似文献
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煤田地震勘探一直探寻着对小断层的自动检测方法,因受各种因素的影响,至今尚无良策。本文介绍了多元地震参数的模式识别方法,并通过模型及实测资料成功地检测到10m以下小断层。 相似文献
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华南西部晚二叠世碳同位素地层学研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
对黔桂地区7条晚二叠世碳酸盐岩型煤系剖面进行了碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素测定,发现晚二叠世吴家坪阶与长兴阶碳酸盐岩的δ13C值有明显差异,前者δ13C多大于3.0‰,后者多小于3.0‰,进一步对晚二叠世δ13C的变化原因的分析表明,δ13C的变化可能与晚古生代末期聚煤作用的减弱密切相关,后者造成自然界碳库中的12C的富集,从而使得海水以及在其中沉淀出的碳酸盐岩中的δ13C值降低。此外,植物光合作用从大气中吸收CO2的量也随陆地植被减少而减少,结果造成大气中的CO2的大量富集,从而进一步产生温室效应,制约生物界的发展。联系到这一阶段生物界的衰亡灭绝,可以认为温室效应是晚二叠世生物逐渐衰亡及晚二叠世末群体灭绝的主要原因之一。 相似文献
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Jianwei Wang 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2004,222(2):517-527
Molecular dynamics (MD) modeling of the 10-Å phase, Mg3Si4O10(OH)2·xH2O, with x=2/3, 1.0 and 2.0 shows complex structural changes with pressure, temperature and water content and provides new insight into the structures and stabilization of these phases under subduction zone conditions. The structure(s) of this phase and its role as a reservoir of water in the mantle have been controversial, and these calculations provide specific predictions that can be tested by in situ diffraction studies. At ambient conditions, the computed structures of talc (x=0) and the 10-Å phases with x=2/3 and 1.0 are stable over the 350-ps period of the MD simulations. Under these conditions, the 10-Å phases show phlogopite-like layer stacking in good agreement with previously published structures based on powder X-ray diffraction data for samples quenched from high-pressure and high-temperature experiments. The calculations show that the 10-Å phase with x=2.0 is unstable at ambient conditions. The computed structures at P=5.5 GPa and T=750 K, well within the known stability field of the 10-Å phase, change significantly with water content, reflecting changing H-bonding configurations. For x=2/3, the layer stacking is talc-like, and for x=1.0, it is phlogopite-like. The calculations show that transformation between these two stackings occurs readily, and that the talc-like stacking for the x=2/3 composition is unlikely to be quenchable to ambient conditions. For x=2.0, the layer stacking at P=5.5 GPa and T=750 K is different than any previously proposed structure for a 10-Å phase. In this structure, the neighboring basal oxygens of adjacent magnesium silicate layers are displaced by b/3 (about 3 Å) resulting in the Si atoms of one siloxane sheet being located above the center of the six-member ring across the interlayer. The water molecules are located 1.2 Å above the center of all six-member rings and accept H-bonds from the OH groups located below the rings. The b/3-displaced structure does not readily transform to either the talc-like or phlogopite-like structure, because neither of these stackings can accommodate two water molecules per formula unit. There is likely to be a compositional discontinuity and phase transition between the b/3-displaced phase and the phase with phlogopite-like stacking. The simulations reported here are the first to use the recently developed CLAYFF force field to calculate mineral structures at elevated pressures and temperatures. 相似文献
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SHA Liqing ZHENG Zheng TANG Jianwei Wang Yinghong ZHANG Yiping CAO Min WANG Rui Liu Guangren WANG Yuesi SUN Yang 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2005,48(Z1)
With the static opaque chamber and gas chromatography technique, from January 2003 to January 2004 soil respiration was investigated in a tropical seasonal rain forest in Xishuangbanna, SW China. In this study three treatments were applied, each with three replicates: A (bare soil), B (soil+litter), and C (soil+litter+seedling). The results showed that soil respiration varied seasonally, low from December 2003 to February 2004, and high from June to July 2004. The annual average values of CO2 efflux from soil respiration differed among the treatments at 1% level, with the rank of C (14642 mgCO2· m-2. h-1)>B (12807 mgCO2· m-2. h-1)>A (9532 mgCO2· m-2. h-1). Diurnal variation in soil respiration was not apparent due to little diurnal temperate change in Xishuangbanna. There was a parabola relationship between soil respiration and soil moisture at 1% level. Soil respiration rates were higher when soil moisture ranged from 35% to 45%. There was an exponential relationship between soil respiration and soil temperature (at a depth of 5cm in mineral soil) at 1% level. The calculated Q1o values in this study,ranging from 2.03 to 2.36, were very near to those of tropical soil reported. The CO2 efflux in 2003was 5.34 kgCO2· m-2. a-1 from soil plus litter plus seedling, of them 3.48 kgCO2· m-2. a-1 from soil (accounting for 62.5%), 1.19 kgCO2· m-2. a-1 from litter (22.3%) and 0.67 kgCO2·m-2. a-1 from seedling (12.5%). 相似文献
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Understanding and interpreting the timing, location, orientation, and intensity of natural fractures within a geological structure are commonly important to both exploration and production planning activities of low-porosity and low-permeability carbonate reservoirs. In this study, we explore the application of comprehensive geomechanical methods to quantitatively characterize the fracture parameters based on Strain Energy Density Theory, such as linear fracture density and volume fracture density. This study approach is based on the idea that energy generated by tectonic stress on brittle sandstone,which can be distinguished fracture surface energy, friction energy dissipation and residual strain energy and natural fractures can be interpreted or inferred from geomechanical-model-derived strains. For this analysis, we model an extension and compression compound fault block developed in a mechanically stratified sandstone and shale sequence because mechanics experimental data and drilling data exist that can be directly compared with model results.However, the results show that the approach and our study conclusion are independent of the specified structural geometry, which can correlate fracture parameters in different stages with different tectonic activities, and finally build and visualize fracture networks in sandstone. The presence or absence of filling minerals in fractures is shown to strongly control the destruction and transformation of low-permeability sandstone, and this control possesses crucial implications for interpreting fracture aperture and reservoir flow simulation. 相似文献