海洋中的维生素

维生素是人类和动物营养上不可缺少的补助要素。它的存在,在生态学上具有重要的意义。在海水中,已经发现维生素B_1、维生素B_6和维生素B_(12)等。人们认为,海水中维生素主     

“厄尔尼诺”现象对世界气候的影响

据气象学界统计，在太平洋形成的“厄尔尼诺”可能成为本世纪最具破坏性的一种天气系统。最严重的一次“厄尔尼诺”（此词源自西班牙语，意谐“基督的孩子”）发生在1982～1983年，对全世界的牲口和谷场所造成的损失高达136亿美元。其形成过程为：一、贸易风通常把太平洋表面的温海水从南美洲海岸推向澳洲和菲律宾；二、西太平洋海水温度为此升高若干度，同时海面比东太平洋高出lm；三、赫姆堡尔茨（HUmb。ldt）海流使海面冷水上涌，替换了表面海水。在较冷海水里的硝酸盐和磷酸盐及营养物质促使浮游生物生长快，由此使得鱼类繁殖加速；南…     

Method of high-density seismic imaging ex-ploration and application samples

Introduction Now, shallow seismic reflection wave technique has been used extensively in geological ex-plorations of bridge, dam, high building and so on. Since shallow seismic reflection wave tech-nique is often implemented in industrial zone or city with dense population, the background dis-turbance including industrial noise, life noise, etc is very serious. Furthermore, the disturbance of seismic source is also serious due to short array length and offset of the method. In general, shal-lo…     

粤北下庄铀矿田鲁溪—仙人嶂辉绿岩脉的地球化学特征与成因

鲁溪-仙人嶂辉绿岩脉于燕山晚期侵位于粤北贵东复式岩体东部,其主要元素显示拉斑玄武岩系列;富集大离子亲石元素,轻微富集LREE,亏损Zr和Hf,而Nb和Ta基本无亏损,Eu基本无异常,具有与板内玄武岩相似的微量元素地球化学特征。该辉绿岩具有较高的εNd(t)值(3.6～4.9)、(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0.70530～0.70641)和δ18O值(7.3‰～8.0‰)以及典型的Dupal异常铅等特征,在Sr-Nd,Pb-Sr,Pb-Nd和Pb-Pb相关图解上,数据点位于DMM和EM端元之间,Pb接近EM端员,Nd相对靠近DMM端员,Sr介于两者之间。上述特征表明,鲁溪-仙人嶂辉绿岩脉,是在燕山晚期地壳…     

食物系统认知进展及其地理学研究范式探讨

食物关系国计民生,中国食物系统面临诸多挑战,耕地资源趋减、环境压力临界、农业劳动力流失、消费需求快速转型等对食物系统功能提出更高要求,地理学的综合性和系统性思维为应对这些问题提供了有效的工具和视角。尽管食物系统得到世界银行、联合国粮农组织以及其他国际各方的高度关注,但目前国内对食物系统的研究却严重不足。论文对食物系统的认知进展进行了深入分析,归纳了食物系统的概念认知历程、类型、特征,梳理出食物系统的研究脉络,包括从“概念”存在到“方法”存在、从线性认知到系统认知、从经济活动到食物景观、从现象描述到时空嵌入等,以此凝练出食物系统的核心内涵与认知进展;在科学哲学范式、人地关系范式、空间范式和系统科学范式指导下,论文遵从“格局—结构—过程—机理”由表及里的研究脉络,进一步探讨了食物系统的时空格局、要素结构、演化过程和发展机理,尝试构建了食物系统的地理学研究范式,研究结论旨在为推动食物系统视角基础研究和实践应用提供参考和借鉴。     

全球粮食安全格局的时空演化

Food security is the primary prerequisite for achieving other Millennium Development Goals(MDGs).Given that the MDG of“halving the proportion of hungers by 2015”was not realized as scheduled,it will be more pressing and challenging to reach the goal of zero hunger by 2030.So there is high urgency to find the pattern and mechanism of global food security from the perspective of spatio-temporal evolution.In this paper,based on the analysis of database by using a multi-index evaluation method and radar map area model,the global food security level for 172 countries from 2000 to 2014 were assessed;and then spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted to depict the spatial patterns and changing characteristics of global food security;then,multi-nonlinear regression methods were employed to identify the factors affecting the food security patterns.The results show:1)The global food security pattern can be summarized as“high-high aggregation,low-low aggregation”.The most secure countries are mainly distributed in Western Europe,North America,Oceania and parts of East Asia.The least secure countries are mainly distributed in sub-Saharan Africa,South Asia and West Asia,and parts of Southeast Asia.2)Europe and sub-Saharan Africa are hot and cold spots of the global food security pattern respectively,while in non-aggregation areas,Haiti,North Korea,Tajikistan and Afghanistan have long-historical food insecurity problems.3)The pattern of global food security is generally stable,but the internal fluctuations in the extremely insecure groups were significant.The countries with the highest food insecurity are also the countries with the most fluctuated levels of food security.4)The annual average temperature,per capita GDP,proportion of people accessible to clean water,political stability and non-violence levels are the main factors influencing the global food security pattern.Research shows that the status of global food security has improved since the year 2000,yet there are still many challenges such as unstable global food security and acute regional food security issues.It will be difficult to understand these differences from a single factor,especially the annual average temperature and annual precipitation.The abnormal performance of the above factors indicates that appropriate natural conditions alone do not absolutely guarantee food security,while the levels of agricultural development,the purchasing power of residents,regional accessibility,as well as political and economic stability have more direct influence.     

银杏的营养,药用价值与开发前景

该文简述了银杏的各种化学成分以及营养，药用，经济价值，并对其开发途径作了探讨。     

减少流速仪取草次数的一种途径

减少流速仪取草次数的一种途径韦中兴，伏元洲（黄河水利委员会北道水文站）一、问题的提出在流速测量中，水草对流速仪的缠绕，直接影响洪水测验工作。特别对那些暴涨暴落、水草多杂的山溪性河流，流速仪缠草问题更为突出。而一次测流中多次清除杂草，既费时费力，又易延...     

塔里木盆地西南地区中新统生油的探讨

塔里木盆地西南的巴楚隆起以南、和田河以西地区的中新统能否生油,是一个有争论、但却十分重要和有意义的问题.笔者通过野外和室内专题研究认为,中新统中部安居安组可以生油,并具一定的生油量.     

约旦西南Al Quweir地区一个埋藏矿脉的水平线圈电磁特征

作为矿业勘查项目的一部分，l999年利用APEX MAX MINⅢ仪器在约旦西南A1Quweirn地区一个埋藏岩脉上做了水平线圈电磁(HLEM)测量。