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MEASUREMENTS OF ICE-FORMING RATES PRODUCED BY SUPERSONIC FLOW AND INVESTIGATION OF MECHANISMS OF ICE CRYSTAL GENERATION
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The ice forming rates p_i produced by supersonic flow have been measured in supercooled fog suspended in a coldchamber at temperatures of 0 to-12℃.It has been shown that the ice-forming rates are 10~(11)to 10~(12)crystals per gramof air at Mach numbers of 1.1 to 1.84 and total pressures below 6 atm,and that the ice-forming rates slowly increasewith increasing Mach numbers and total pressures and with decreasing ambient temperatures.These results aretheoretically consistent with the rules for expansion in supersonic flow.In review of mechanisms of ice crystal generation,authors propose that the homogeneous nucleation-freezing(condensation-freezing)of water vapor in supersonic flow be the dominant mechanism.In our opinion,supersonic flow,for artificial precipitation,could be expected to provide an economical,non-polluting and convenient technology,andsuitable for the long-distance operation.The data obtained from our experiments indicate that it is feasible to develop anew technique for weather modification. 相似文献
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冰晶产生的非催化触发机制研究 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
本文研究了用压缩空气爆破(薄膜爆破,激波管等)和火药爆炸非催化方法触发冰晶产生的作用机制。我们通过大量实验认为超声波和冲击波的作用不一定能够触发过冷水滴冻结,而超声速气流的绝热膨胀冷却作用则是触发冰晶产生的确切机制。然后设计了超声速气流发生装置并在过冷雾中进行触发冰晶产生的实验。结果表明,超声速气流(M=1.1)触发冰晶产生非常有效。阈温为-2℃。冰晶产生的临界压强为2.1atm,阈压随实验温度升高而增加,当总压超过阈压0.2—0.3atm时,冰晶大量产生。这些结果与超声速绝热膨胀理论相一致。 相似文献
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在温度为0—12℃并悬浮有雾滴的冷箱中测量了超声速气流的成冰率ρ_(io)结果表明,在马赫数1.1—1.84和总压小于6个大气压范围,ρ_1介于10~(12)-10~(12)g~(-1)。结果还表明,ρ_2随马赫数和总压增大以及环境温度降低而缓慢增加。这些结果与超声速气流膨胀理论所表明的规律相一致。 对冰晶形成机制分析表明,超声速气流中的水汽均质核化(凝结-冻结)是产生冰晶的主要过程。本文指出,超声速气流用于飞机人工影响天气具有价廉、无污染、简便和长距离作业等优点。根据实验提供的数据,发展一种新的人工影响天气新技术是可能的。 相似文献
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