索马里急流多时间尺度的变化特征及其与中国降水的联系

利用欧洲中心的再分析风场资料,采用相关分析、合成分析等方法,分析索马里急流活动的多时间尺度变化特征,研究其在年际、年代际尺度和季节以内尺度对中国降水的影响。结果表明,索马里急流强度的年代际变化特征较明显,急流在1960年代逐渐变弱,1970年代初最弱,1970年代末期开始缓慢增强。索马里急流在不同时间尺度上与中国夏季降水都有较密切的联系,初步分析表明,在年际尺度上索马里急流建立初期的5、6月与后期降水的超前相关性较好,在年代际尺度上急流与同尺度中国降水的关系密切。无论是超前还是同期相关,索马里急流强度与中国典型相关区降水的关系存在明显的年代际变化特征。此外,季节以内尺度索马里急流强度异常与过程也存在一定联系,在夏半年急流的主要活动时期,索马里急流强度的正（负）异常对应中国的降水偏多（少）,且正距平异常时对中国降水的影响更大。      

MULTI-TIMESCALE VARIATIONS OF SOMALI JET AND ITS RELATION WITH PRECIPITATION IN CHINA

Based on the ERA reanalysis winds data, the multi-time scale variations of Somali jet are analyzed synthetically. The jet’s influences on rainfall in China on interannual, interdecadal and sub-monthly scales are also studied using correlation and composite analyses. The results demonstrate that the interdecadal variations of the jet are significant.The Somali jet became weaker in the 1960 s and became the weakest in the early 1970 s before enhancing slowly in the late 1970 s. Moreover, the relation between the Somali jet and summer precipitation in China is close, but varies on different timescales. Preliminary analysis shows that the intensity variations in May and June during the early days of establishment are well correlated with summer precipitation in China. The Somali jet intensity on the interdecadal scale is closely related with interdecadal variations of the precipitation in China. Regardless of leading or contemporaneous correlation, the correlations between the Somali jet intensity and the rainfall in northern and southern China show obvious interdecadal variations. Moreover, the link between the anomalies of the jet intensity in May-August and precipitation evolution on synoptic scale in China is further studied. China has more rainfall with positive anomalies of the Somali jet but less rainfall with negative anomalies during the active period of the jet. The influence of positive Somali jet anomalies on China precipitation is more evident.