沉积物对磷酸盐的吸附与释放

本实验研究黄河口水文站沉积物对黄河水磷的吸附释放过程和东海１１１号站位沉积物对海水磷的吸附释放过程。并摸拟黄河沉积物在海水中磷的吸附释放过程。结果表明：底沉积物对磷的吸附相当迅速，无论是河泥还是海泥在２４ｈ内均能达到吸附平衡。吸附量与沉积物的量和水中原有磷的浓度有关，在不同的ｐＨ条件下，沉积物对磷的吸附是有显著差别的     

Basic performance of space-surface bistatic SAR using BeiDou satellites as transmitters of opportunity

GPS Solutions - The basic performance of space-surface bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SS-BSAR) using BeiDou satellites as transmitters of opportunity is presented. The transmitted signal, the...     

Flow analysis for determination of inorganic arsenic and antimony in seawater with on-line liquid nitrogen trap and hydride generation

An automatic flow analysis system with on-line liquid nitrogen trap, hydride generation and flame-less atomic absorption spectrophotometry was presented for the determination of inorganic arsenic and antimony in seawater. The experimental conditions such as acidity of reduction reaction, the amount of sodium borohydride , the flow rate of carry gas (high purity of nitrogen) were tested and selected optimally. The limit detection of the method presented was 0. 15 ug/L for arsenic and 0. 24 μ/L for antimony . During the determination of seawater samples with levels microgram arsenic and antimony pa litre th?variation coefficient would be ±4% for arsenic and ±10% for antimony. The volume needed for one measurement was 9 mL for arsenic and 12 mL for antimony. The frequency of sample determination reached 20 times per hour for arsenic and 15 times per hour for antimony.     

海带中各种形态氨基酸含量的季节变异

海带在我国作为食品和药用已有悠久的历史。解放后开始有计划地进行了人工养殖,特别从1958年以来,海带产量逐年大幅度增长,现在我国从北方的辽宁省到南方的福建省都有养殖,年产已达相当数量。目前只一部分用作工业原料,而大部分用作食品。海带除含有大量碳水化合物、无机盐外,还含有较多的蛋白质和各种维生素等,为广大人民所喜用的、营养价值较高的副食品。 伟大导师恩格斯指出:“生命是蛋白体的存在方式,……”。海带同陆地植物以及其他藻类一样。蛋白质的代谢对其生长、发育具有决定性的意义。人们对淡水单胞藻已做了大量生物化学研究工作,对于其氮代谢的途径有了较多的了解。对各种海藻的含氮化合物的研究也做了若干工作,但对海带属这样大型藻类的含氮化合物的研究做的还不多。国外过去多从阐明营养价值的角度,对海带属的一般含氮量和氨基酸进行过分析。例如Mazur等用化学分析法测定了海带属中的几种氨基酸含量; Ericson等对糖海带(Laminaria saccharina)的水解物做过纸上层析定性; Coulson则对克氏海带(L.cloustonii)的水解物用纸上层析法进行了氨基酸定量; Ogino用纸上层析法粗略地估计了日本产海带的70%乙醇提取物中的氨基酸含量;高木用化学分析法分析了海带水解物中的个別氨基酸含量; Takagi等用柱层析法测定了海帯的75%乙醇提取物中的游离氨基酸含量。近来,大石等着重研究了日本产海带中的含氮量和70%乙醇可溶游离氨基酸的分布对海带质量的关系。 过去,我们初步测定过我国一年生海带的含氮量季节变化。随着我国海带养殖事业莲勃发展,有必要对我国海带的化学成份,特别是游离状态的和构成蛋白质的氨基酸的种类和含量变异进行深入研究,可能有助于生产部门在探讨海带生长和品质时作参考。为此,我们较系统地硏究了我们培育的海带中所含各种形态氨基酸的季节变异。     

Dynamic model for oil slick dispersion into a water column—A wind-driven wave tank experiment

A dynamic experiment for oil dispersion into a water column was performed with a 21 m long, 0.5 m wide, and 1 m high wind-driven wave tank. At wind velocity between 6–12 m/s and with the oil slick kept constant (about 1 μm), the rate of the oil content increase in the water column could be approximated from the difference between the dispersion rate (R) of the oil slick and the coagulation rate (R′) of the dispersed oil slick. Assuming the coagulation rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the water dispersed oil slick (i. e.R′-K ^*C), the integral form of the dynamic model can be expressed asC=R ^* [1−exp(−K ^*t)]/K and parametersR andK can be regressed with a computer. The relative deviation of model results from the experimental data was mainly less than 10%. The oil slick dispersion rate (R) had exponential relationship with the wind velocity (U), and can be fitted with a formulaR=A ^* (U+1) ^B . The fitted constant of the coagulation rate,K(0.8–3.0^* 10⁻³ min⁻¹) did not have significant relationship with the wind velocity.     

DYNAMIC MODEL FOR OIL SLICK DISPERSION INTO A WATER COLUMN- A WINDDRIVEN WAVETANK EXPERIMENT

A dynamic experiment for oil dispersion into a water column was performed with a 21 m long, 0.5 m wide, and 1 m high wind-driven wave tank. At wind velocity between 6-12 m/s and with the oil slide kept constant (about 1 um), the rate of the oil content increase in the water column could be approximated from the difference between the dispersion rate (R) of the oil slick and the coagulation rate (R') of the dispersed oil slick. Assuming the coagulation rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the water dispersed oil slick (i. e. R' =KC),, the integral form of the dynamic model can be expressed as C=R*[1-exp(-K*t)]/K and parameters R and K can be regressed with a computer. The relative deviation of model results from the experimental data was mainly less than 10%. The oil slick dispersion rate (R) had exponential relationship with the wind velocity (V), and can be fitted with a formula R=A*(U+1)B.The fitted constant of the coagulation rate, K(0.8-3.0* 10-3 min-1) did not have significant rela     

河口及莱州湾沉积物中磷的化学形态及其含量

对13个河口站位的沉积物以及莱州湾两个站位的柱状沉积物中的磷的三种基本结合态进行了测定。结果表明：河口沉积物中总磷量与河流污染程度有关。磷的主要存在形态是以磷灰石结合态磷（PAI）存在的无机结合态磷（PIN）。莱州湾的柱状沉积物磷含量以及存在形态在离岸近和表层站位受到河流一定程度的影响，而在深层和离岸远的站位受河流影响的程度降低，各种形态的磷含量已趋于平衡。     

石墨中微量钼的测定

以萃取硫氰酸盐分光光度法测定超细石墨中微量钼,对石墨样的预处理方法、萃取介质酸度、萃取剂的组成及用量等实验条件进行了优化选择。该方法测定石墨样品的微量钼的灵敏度为５μｇ／Ｌ。干法回收率９５ ．３ ％ ,显法回收率为９８ ．１ ％ 。     

黄河口及其邻近海区溶解态砷的分布及存在形式

作者以阳极溶出伏安法和氢氧化铁共沉淀—DDC—Ag法测定了黄河口表层海水中溶解态总砷、溶解态有机砷、溶解无机砷、砷(Ⅲ)和砷(Ⅴ)的含量。实验结果表明:1、黄河口区表层海水中丰水期溶解态无机砷的平均浓度(2.26μgL~(-1))高于枯水期的平均浓度(1.43μgL~(-1));2、枯水期内,表层海水中溶解态无机砷浓度与海水盐度之间存在良好的相关性,而在丰水期内无此相关关系;3、两航次中溶解态无机砷的平面分布呈明显的梯度分布,即由河口向渤海湾中部方向溶解态无机砷浓度递减。     

黄海南部的溶解无机氮

根据 1998年 5月的调查资料 ,分析并讨论了春季黄海南部海区溶解无机氮的分布特征。结果表明 :( 1)因受长江冲淡水及沿岸流的影响 ,NH+4 - N、NO-2 - N浓度的平面分布基本呈周边高、中央低 ,NO-3 - N的浓度则基本呈长江口外海域高、中北部深水区低的分布规律。 ( 2 )调查海域深水区的溶解无机氮存在明显的层化现象 ,且底层等值线上凸密集。 10 m以浅水体 ,NO-3 - N的浓度分布均匀 ,10 m以深水体 ,NO-3 - N的浓度急剧增加 ,且呈现出随深度增加而增加的趋势 ,NH+4 - N、NO-2 - N浓度的垂直分布比较均匀。 ( 3)黄海南部表层叶绿素 a的浓度呈现周边高、中央低的分布特征。