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Due to its unique geological location, the Bering Sea is an ideal place to investigate the water exchange and ecosystem connectivity of the Pacific Ocean–Arctic Ocean and subarctic–Arctic region. Based on a number of summer surveys(July to September, 2010, 2012 and 2014), macrobenthic communities and their spatial-temporal patterns are exhibited for the majority of the Bering Sea(53°59′–64°36′N). The results show that the macrobenthic communities were dominated by northern cold-water species and immigrant eurythermic species, and the communities assumed a dispersed and patchy distribution pattern. Polychaetes(Scoloplos armiger), crustaceans(Ceradocus capensis) and sea urchins(Echinarachnius parma) were the main dominant groups in the shallow shelves; the sea star(Ctenodiscus crispatus) and the brittle star(Ophiura sarsii) were the main dominant groups in the continental slope; whereas small polychaetes(Prionospio malmgreni) dominated the basin area. Sediment type, water depth, and currents were the major factors affecting the structure and spatial distribution of the macrobenthic communities. Compared with other seas, the shallow areas of the Bering Sea showed an extremely high-standing biomass. In particular, the northern shelf area(north of St. Lawrence Islands and west of 170°W),which is primarily controlled by Anadyr Water, is an undersea oasis. In contrast, a deficiency in the downward transport of particulate organic carbon has resulted in a desert-like seabed in the basin area. By comparing our results to previous studies, we found that macrobenthic communities of the Bering Sea have undergone significant structural changes in recent decades, resulting in a decrease in abundance and an increase in biomass.In addition, populations of amphipods and bivalves in the northern shelves have decreased significantly and have been gradually replaced by other species. These changes might be associated with advanced seasonal ice melting,changes in organic carbon input, and global warming, indicating that large-scale ecosystem changes have been occurring in the Bering Sea. 相似文献
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To explore the spatial pattern of macrobenthic communities and their response to environmental factors in the Prydz Bay,samples were collected using a 0.25-m2 box corer at 10 stations from November 2012 to April 2013.A total of 50 species of macrobenthos belonging to 8 phyla and 33 families were identified,of which polychaetes(e.g.,Maldane sarsi)and sponges(e.g.,Halichondria sp.and Leucosolenia sp.)were the most prominent groups.The macrobenthos in study area were categorized into five functional groups based on the feeding type,and the detritivorous group represented by polychaetes showed the highest average abundance,while the planktophagous group represented by sponges showed the highest average biomass.Macrobenthos abundance(0–592 ind./m2)and biomass(0–1155.5 g/m2)in the Prydz Bay were relatively lower than those of other Antarctic shelf soft-bottom waters,although the compositions of the dominant species and functional feeding groups were similar.The results of the Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated that the average biomass of the macrobenthos and the biomass of the planktophagous group in the study area were negatively correlated with the water depth,sediment grain size and silt percentage.However,these variables were clearly not strong determinants of macrobenthos assemblage structure.Many factors not measured in the study,e.g.,sediment organic matter and iceberg interference,have probably influenced the spatial distribution of macrobenthic community structure in the Prydz Bay. 相似文献
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于2017年6月至2018年5月在平潭岛东北部近岸海域开展污损生物生态研究,探讨了该海域大型污损生物的群落结构特点及演替趋势。周年模拟挂板试验结果显示,该海域大型污损生物隶属13门92种,以广分布暖水种为主,其中主要优势种为营固着生活的网纹藤壶(Amphibalanus reticulatus)、大室别藻苔虫(Biflustra grandicella)、三角藤壶(Balanus trigonus)和中胚花筒螅(Ectopleura crocea),以及自由生活的廉形叶钩虾(Jassa falcata)和齿掌细身钩虾(Maeropsis serratipalma)等。虽然该海域全年均有生物附着,但附着强度的季节性差异显著,附着盛期为6月至8月(生物量介于7 326.0~12 970.0 g/m2之间,以湿质量计),12月至次年2月(生物量介于39.5~1 580.5 g/m2之间)为附着淡季,而且污损生物摄食类型以悬浮物食者为主。温度和盐度是影响污损生物附着和分布的主要环境因素,水体透明度、水动力条件、地表径流和养殖等人类活动对污损生物的分布也有重要影响。 相似文献
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本文立足于上海特大型城市所处的脆弱地质环境条件,通过对上海地区地质灾害尤其是突发工程性地质灾害类型及其工程诱因的系统分析,结合工程实例阐述了地质灾害应急处置的基本程序与关键技术. 相似文献
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于2016年3月至2017年2月在浙江北关港附近海域进行污损生物周年挂板试验,全年共记录大型污损生物9门44科53属59种,种类组成以近岸暖水种为主,属于典型的亚热带内湾型污损生物群落。固着生活类型的悬浮物食者是该海域污损生物群落的优势群体,群落最主要的优势种是网纹藤壶(Amphibalanus reticulates),其次为长鳃麦秆虫(Caprella equilibra)、中胚花筒螅(Ectopleura crocea)、太平洋侧花海葵(Anthopleura nigrescens)、廉形叶钩虾(Jassa falcata)和强壮藻钩虾(Stenothoe valida)等种类。该海域污损生物全年各月均有附着,6-10月板的覆盖面积均达100%,附着盛期为6-8月,月板、季板、半年板和年板的平均附着密度和生物量分别为(21 371±8 722) ind/m2和(1 667.5±506.0) g/m2,(31 605±17 671) ind/m2和(5 879.1±2 576.5) g/m2,(31 188±10 834) ind/m2和(13 989.6±4 755.4) g/m2,(18 425±5 757) ind/m2和(6 581.9±2 175.9) g/m2,其中夏季附着强度最高。污损生物群落个体间因栖息空间和食物竞争而存在着相互依存或互相制约的关系,又依照对环境的适应性而存在着一定的时空分布规律。分析表明,温度是决定污损生物地理分布的最主要环境因素;另外,盐度、水体透明度以及光照等自然环境也是影响污损生物附着的重要影响因素。 相似文献
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文章介绍了上海市有关钻孔灌注桩规范的发展历程,将《O七规程》与《九二规程》进行对比,进一步指出新规范中出现的变化和不足之处。希望能对相关的规范编制者具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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于2017年6月至2018年5月在兴化湾口东北面进行污损生物周年挂板试验,全年共记录污损生物12门94种,群落组成以近岸暖水种为主,主要表现为典型的亚热带内湾型群落。网纹藤壶(Amphibalanus reticulatus)是最主要的优势种和代表种,其平均附着密度和湿重分别可达23 394ind./m~2和8 494. 4 g/m~2。其它优势种还有刚毛藻(Cladophora sp.)、叉节藻(Amphiroa sp.)、中胚花筒螅(Ectopleura crocea)、双列笔螅(Pennaria disticha)、细毛背鳞虫(Lepidonotus tenuisetosus)、翡翠贻贝(Perna viridis)、福建牡蛎(Magallana angulata)、三角藤壶(Balanus trigonus)、加尔板钩虾(Stenothoe gallensis)、长鳃麦杆虫(Caprella equilibra)、角突麦杆虫(Caprella scaura)、大室别藻苔虫(Biflustra grandicella)、史氏菊海鞘(Botryllus schlosseri)等。夏季为污损生物的附着旺季,其附着厚度、覆盖面积、附着密度和湿重分别为30. 5 mm、100%、25 175 ind./m~2、8 783. 6 g/m~2,其次分别为秋季、春季和冬季,下半年的附着强度明显高于上半年,附着强度的垂直分布差异并不明显,主要区别在于表层有部分藻类附着,而底层几乎没有藻类分布。 相似文献
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城市突发性地质灾害应急处置中的若干基本问题探讨 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
针对城市是地质灾害的重大"承载体"这一特点,本文分析了城市地质灾害的特点及其危害,系统探讨了城市突发性地质灾害应急处置中的一系列基本问题,对我国城市突发性地质灾害应急处置工作的有效开展、政府防灾减灾目标的更好实现具有广泛的现实指导意义。 相似文献
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于2017年6月至2018年5月在莆田近岸海域进行污损生物周年挂板试验,全年共记录污损生物11门94种,群落组成以近岸暖水种为主,属于典型的亚热带内湾型群落,网纹藤壶(Amphibalanus reticulatus)是最主要的优势种和代表种,其次为翡翠贻贝(Perna viridis)、中胚花筒螅(Ectopleura crocea)、太平洋侧花海葵(Anthopleura nigrescens)、侧花海葵(Anthopleura sp.)、细毛背鳞虫(Lepidonotus tenuisetosus)、福建牡蛎(Magallana angulata)、三角藤壶(Balanus trigonus)、加尔板钩虾(Stenothoe gallensis)、镰形叶钩虾(Jassa falacata)、长鳃麦杆虫(Caprella equilibra)、角突麦杆虫(Caprella scaura)、大室别藻苔虫(Biflustra grandicella)等。春季为该海区污损生物的附着旺季,其附着厚度、覆盖面积、附着密度和湿重分别为25 mm、100%、65713 ind./m ^2、1735.1 g/m ^2,其次分别为夏季、秋季和冬季,上半年的附着强度明显高于下半年,表底层污损生物的种类和数量组成差异并不大,主要区别在于表层有部分藻类的附着,而底层几乎没有藻类分布。 相似文献
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