Effects of vegetation and sewage load on mangrove crab condition using experimental mesocosms

Constructed wetlands, especially mangroves, have been studied for their usefulness in sewage treatment but the effects of mangrove vegetation and a sewage load on mangrove macrofauna have been given little attention. Ocypodid crabs are important components of mangrove forests and constitute good bioindicators of the functioning of the ecosystem as a whole. In constructed mangrove mesocosms, three vegetation treatments (bare substratum, and Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata seedlings) were subjected to 0, 20, 60 and 100% sewage loads from a nearby hotel. The physiological condition of introduced Uca annulipes and Uca inversa was evaluated in terms of their RNA/DNA ratio after one, five and twelve months, and used as an indicator of ecological function in the system. Crab condition in 0% sewage load was similar to that of wild crabs throughout, suggesting no significant effects of the mesocosms on their RNA/DNA ratio. Overall, both species coped well with the administered sewage loads, suggesting good ecological function in the system. Both species manifested similar patterns in RNA/DNA ratio, being more affected by seasonal fluctuations than by sewage load and vegetation presence and type. Higher RNA/DNA ratios were recorded in the long compared to the short rainy season. Sewage enhanced crab condition in the bare substratum and R. mucronata treatments, especially after one year, probably as a result of enhanced food availability. Uca inversa may be more sensitive to sewage pollution than U. annulipes. In A. marina, no difference in crab condition was observed between sewage loads, and this mangrove yielded the best reduction in sewage impacts. Our results support the usefulness of constructed mangrove areas in sewage treatment, especially if planted with A. marina and inhabited by physiologically healthy ocypodid crabs to enhance the system's performance.     

载荷试验检测复合桩基承载力的影响因素

针对桩基检测中水泥土桩复合地基检测承载力实测值与设计值差别很大,从工程地质条件、地基处理情况、检测方法出发,通过实例分析了复合地基承载力取值的影响因素。分析表明:桩设计参数取值偏低、地基土的力学性能未充分利用、设计的安全储备偏大是影响承载力取值的主要因素,检测时桩间土含水量的变化也有一定程度的影响。     

中国对虾弧菌病的药物治疗研究

本文对中国对虾病原弧菌的药物敏感性和最低抑制浓度作了研究,结果表明,氯霉素,四环素,痢特灵和SMZ等药物是治疗成虾轻度弧菌病的有效药物。     

连续流态下好氧颗粒污泥的培养及处理制药废水的性能

在上流式好氧颗粒污泥床反应器中, 以厌氧颗粒污泥和好氧絮状活性污泥为接种泥, 采用人工配制的模拟废水, 成功培养出性能优异的好氧颗粒污泥.反应器内污泥浓度稳定在5g/L左右, 颗粒污泥粒径为0.5~2.0mm, 当进水COD为2000mg/L, 容积负荷为4.8kg/(m3·d)时, 系统对COD的去除率稳定在96%以上.通过扫描电镜观察, 好氧颗粒污泥是层状结构, 表面有大量丝状菌缠绕, 内部有短杆菌和空穴存在.逐步提高制药废水在进水中的比例, 经过47d的培养, 生物制药废水完全取代模拟废水, 系统对COD、NH₃-N、TP的去除率分别稳定在90%、90%和70%以上.      

高真空击密法在软地基处理中的应用

姑合工程实践,介绍快速“高真空击密法”软地基处理方法的施工原理、施工工艺及质量控制等,并简单阐述“高真空击密法”在进行软地基处理中的优点。     

长春市污水资源化现状及对策

目前长春市水资源匮乏,水资源危机严重。城市水资源化是解决水危机、防治水污染的有效途径之一。长春市经处理的污水量为1.843 亿m³/a, 经过深度处理后回用的污水量为423.4 万m³/a,占2.297%,污水资源化利用程度不高。所建污水处理回用工程完成后,每天可增加水量16.16 万m³。通过制定政策,拓宽融资渠道以及提高环保意识等,可提高城市污水资源化的程度,实现良好的社会效益。     

强夯地基效应及加固机制浅析

强夯地基效应,是指经强夯处理使地基土的结构形式,强度和变形大小,及其作用过程发生的改变。通过对强夯过程中一系列的现象分析,揭示强夯地基效应的形成机制,对强夯地基效应的三个方面及其之间的联系进行分析,其结论对于强夯处理设计和加固机制的认识有较大意义。