A numerical model for Type II supernovae — The collapse stage

We use the following numerical model for the collapse stage of a Type II supernova of 15 M_⊙. Our electron capture rate includes the effects of the inverse reaction and the neutron-proton mass difference. This decreases the electron density at the collapse stage and led to rather large values of the maximum inward velocity and of the corresponding mass (Umax = 3.06 × 10⁹cm/s, Mmax=0.76 M_⊙). These larger values are more favourable for the propagation of shock after the rebounce and the triggering-off of a Type-II supernova explosion. For neutrino transport, we use a leakage model and an equilibrium diffusion model, respectively, for the thin and thick stages and a grey atmosphere model to assess the effect of neutrino precipitation on the collapse. We found this effect to be small, the energy precipitation to be not more than 10^?5 the neutrino energy loss and the momentum precipitation not more than 10^?6 the gravitational acceleration.     

PROPAGATION OF 30—60 DAY LOW FREQUENCY OSCILLATIONS AND THEIR INFLUENCE UPON THE SUBTROPICAL WESTERLIES JET STREAM DURING NORTHERN HEMISPHERE WINTER

Based on daily ECMWF gridpoint data of two winters during 1981—1983 including an ENSOyear,propagation of low frequency oscillations(LFO)during Northern Hemisphere winters andtheir influences upon 30—60 day oscillations of the subtropical jet stream are studied with the sta-tistical methods as complex empirical orthogonal function(CEOF)and so on.Results show that inthe winter of a normal year(1981—1982),30—60 day oscillations in the subtropical zone aremainly in the northern and southern flanks of exit region of jet stream.In the ENSO year(1982—1983),they are mainly in the vicinity of entrance and exit regions of jet stream.Intraseasonalchanges of subtropical jet stream manifested themselves as latitudinal fluctuation or longitudinalprogression or regression of about 40 day period.There are marked differences between propagat-ing passages of low frequency modes responsible for changes of subtropical jet stream in the normalyear(1981—1982)and in the ENSO year(1982—1983).Changes of oscillation amplitude showobvious phases.In general,the one in late winter is stronger than that in early winter,strongestone occurs in February.     

On the microwave millisecond spike emission and its associated phenomena during the impulsive phase of large solar flare

We propose a model of two acceleration regions, which can explain, on the basis of microwave maser caused by a “hollow-beam” distribution of electrons, the presence of millisecond spikes in the event of 1981 May 16 and their absence in the event of 1981 October 12, and the enhanced continuous emission in the latter. We have also uncovered relations among the features, e.g. the Type III_G, Type IV_DCIM and hard x-ray bursts, that accompany the microwave millisecond spikes during the impulsive phase of a large flare.     

壳幔混染作用——下扬子区早中生代玄武岩同位素地质特征

下扬子区中生代（231Ma）玄武质火山岩全岩εNd（t）值-8.62～1.92,87Sr/86Sr 值0.7074～0.7179，206Pb/204Pb值为17.786～18.323。岩石中含有前寒武纪捕虏晶锆石。研究表明玄武质岩石可能是由亏损地幔与元古宙地壳岩石混染作用的结果。     

扬子地台钾镁煌斑岩 Nd、Sr、Pb 同位素特征

扬子地台周缘钾镁煌斑岩 Nd、Sr同位素特征介于南非Ⅰ、Ⅱ型金伯利岩和西澳与北美钾镁煌斑岩两种变化趋势之间，不同岩区间同位素组成差异反映地台周边构造性质不同，Pb同位素特征表明晚太古代地幔岩石圈具U亏损特征。     

大庆油田萨中地区葡121层储层流动单元的初步划分

储层流动单元是指影响流体流动的岩性和岩石物理性质在内部相似,在垂向上和横向上连续的储集带,它是基于油藏数值模拟的目的提出的,对于油气田开发,特别是对二次采油和三次采油具有较大的实际意义。目前国内外对流动单元的研究主要集中于探索流动单元的划分方法,笔者在研究各种划分方法的基础上提出了一种最简单的划分方法,该方法可直接从测井解释成果图上读取数据,求出存储系数和渗流系数,通过聚类分析划分出流动单元。该方法虽有不足,但简便易行,且在单一沉积微相中可取得很好的效果。     

加强质量管理制度建设,促进地质调查事业发展

科技体制改革的逐步深化 ,为各行各业提供了机遇和挑战。随着地质矿产部的撤消和国土资源部的成立 ,尤其是中国地质调查局的建立 ,为地质事业的发展带来了千载难逢的机遇 ,这在地学界是具有里程碑意义的事件。中国地质调查局成立以后 ,实施了一系列的举措 ,新一轮国土资源大调查工作全面铺开 ,地质调查事业出现了欣欣向荣的景象。为了这一工作和工程的成功 ,切实加强管理制度尤其是项目的管理体系、质量保证体系和成果验收体系的建设具十分重要的意义。笔者根据近年来从事科技管理的心得体会 ,对项目的管理体系和质量保证在此提出一些想法 ,…