辽西八道壕煤盆地含煤地层时代及聚煤规律分析

八道壕含煤盆地位于辽西的黑山一彰武地区,与阜新一义县盆地相邻,是阜新外围的一个重要含煤盆地。本文从生物地层和沉积学角度说明八道壕矿区的煤层属于早白垩世,可与阜新盆地的沙海组对比,在此基础上对八道壕矿区的地层层序及煤炭资源赋存的规律进行了研究,认为八道壕盆地的煤层可分为上下两个煤层组,下煤组形成于水下扇边缘．上煤组形成于扇三角洲覆水合适的地区。早期冲积扇自盆地西南注入湖盆,煤层发育在盆地北部,自西侧盆缘断裂前向东超覆,向南碎屑岩增多,煤层变薄尖灭。     

电导率成像系统在西部地下水勘查中的应用

介绍了电导率成像系统的基本原理、技术特点和适用范围, 结合西部地区不同类型地下水勘查的应用实例, 说明了方法的有效性。     

四川盆地东北地区上二叠统层序地层特征研究

运用层序地层学的原理,在野外剖面沉积相、岩性、岩相和可容空间变化分析的基础上,对川东北地区宣汉县渡口镇羊鼓洞上二叠统剖面的层序地层进行研究,识别出3种类型6个层序界面,将上二叠统划分为1个Ⅱ层序和5个Ⅲ级层序,其中吴家坪组划分为3个Ⅲ级层序、长兴组划分为2个Ⅲ级层序。并在层序划分的基础上建立了川东北地区上二叠统的层序地层格架。将可容空间变化曲线与露头层序地层划分之间进行对比发现,二者之间存在着良好的对应关系。这不仅验证了层序划分的正确性,而且说明了Fischer图解旋回分析技术的实用性和客观性。     

陕川丁家林-太阳坪金矿带成矿机理

丁家林-太阳坪金矿带与丁家林-太阳坪脆-韧性剪切带同位分布、同能源作用、同步生成，是脆-韧性剪切变形形成的石英脉型金矿，总体走向NE，主要由丁家林和太阳坪2个金矿床组成，分石英单脉、单脉密集带、复脉带3个亚型。丁家林以含Au石英复脉为主，太阳坪以含Au石英单脉为主；成矿物质来源于富含Si质的志留系黄坪组，成矿流体主要是构造水；内生成矿作用分脆．韧性剪切变形-构造分异热液期和韧-脆性剪切变形-构造分异热液期，与2期脆-韧性剪切变形相对应，第2期为主成矿期。其成矿机理是脆-韧性剪切变形动力成岩成矿。     

四川平武县金洞沟金矿地质特征及其成因探讨

金洞沟金矿床是位于四川省北部平武县境内的小型岩金矿床。在详细研究矿床地质特征的基础上,测试了石英包裹体均一温度、盐度、化学成分及H、O同位素组成,分析了金属硫化物（黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿)的S同位素组成,对金的成矿作用进行了深入探讨。研究结果表明：金洞沟金矿床为低温热液型金矿床,其成矿物源主要是志留系茂县群浅变质碎屑岩系,矿石中硫化物以黄铁矿为主,硫化物含量约1%,为少硫化物型矿石。流体包裹体及S、H、O同位素研究显示成矿流体是主要由大气降水组成的热液,成矿温度为125～185 ℃,平均温度为148.7 ℃,属低温热液型金矿床。在此基础上,提出金洞沟金矿床的成矿作用经历了原始含矿岩系（矿源层)的形成、区域变质作用衍生矿源层的形成、热液成矿作用及表生氧化富集等4个阶段,韧性剪切构造活动是引起金活化、迁移和富集的主要因素。该成果为该矿床成因的认识和找矿工作提供了参考。     

The Seasonal Prediction of the Exceptional Yangtze River Rainfall in Summer 2020

During June and July of 2020, the Yangtze River basin suffered from extreme mei-yu rainfall and catastrophic flooding. This study explores the seasonal predictability and associated dynamical causes for this extreme Yangtze River rainfall event, based on forecasts from the Met Office GloSea5 operational forecast system. The forecasts successfully predicted above-average rainfall over the Yangtze River basin, which arose from the successful reproduction of the anomalous western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH). Our results indicate that both the Indian Ocean warm sea surface temperature (SST) and local WNP SST gradient were responsible for the westward extension of the WNPSH, and the forecasts captured these tropical signals well. We explore extratropical drivers but find a large model spread among the forecast members regarding the meridional displacements of the East Asian mid-latitude westerly jet (EAJ). The forecast members with an evident southward displacement of the EAJ favored more extreme Yangtze River rainfall. However, the forecast Yangtze River rainfall anomaly was weaker compared to that was observed and no member showed such strong rainfall. In observations, the EAJ displayed an evident acceleration in summer 2020, which could lead to a significant wind convergence in the lower troposphere around the Yangtze River basin, and favor more mei-yu rainfall. The model forecast failed to satisfactorily reproduce these processes. This difference implies that the observed enhancement of the EAJ intensity gave a large boost to the Yangtze River rainfall, hindering a better forecast of the intensity of the event and disaster mitigation.     

西太平洋副高活动与平流层QBO关系的研究

资料分析表明，西太平洋副高活动有准两年振荡特征，副高的相对强度和副高脊线的纬度位置都清楚地表现出这种振荡。而且分析还表明，平流层低层纬向风的垂直切变同西太平洋副高活动有关，东（西）风切变对应着脊线位置偏北的较强（弱）副高形势。平流层低层东（西）垂直切变在赤道对流层上部所引起的异常上升（下沉）运动，导致Hadley环流的异常加强（减弱）可能是平流层QBO影响西太平洋副高准两年振荡的重要机制。用IAP-GCM所作的数值模拟试验得到了同观测资料分析相一致的结果。     

Assessing the Influence of the ENSO on Tropical Cyclone Prevailing Tracks in the Western North Pacific

Using a statistical model for simulating tropical cyclone (TC) formation and a trajectory model for simulating TC tracks, the influence of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the peak-season (July-September) TC prevailing tracks in the western North Pacific basin is assessed based on 14 selected El Nino and 14 selected La Nina years during the period 1950-2007. It is found that the combination of statistical formation model and a trajectory model can simulate well the primary features of TC prevai...     

西风爆发时赤道西太平洋的热量平衡：个例分析

The responses of sea surface temperature (SST) in the western equatorial Pacific warm pool to the west erly wind bursts (WWBs) play an important role in the relationship between WWB and ENSO. By using da ta collected from eight buoys of TOGA (Tropical Ocean-Global Atmosphere)-COARE (Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment), the heat balances of the upper ocean in the western equatorial Pacific around 0°. 156°E during two WWB events were calculated according to Stevenson and Niiler＇s (1983) method. In both events, SST increased before and after the WWBs, while decreased within the WWBs. The SST amplitudes approximated to l℃. Although sometimes the horizontal heat advections may become the biggest term in the heat balance, the variation of SST was dominated by the surface heat flux. On the other aspect, some different features of the two events are also revealed. The two cases have different variation of mixed layer depth. The depth of mixed layer is almost double in the first case (35 m to 70 m), which is caused by Ekman convergence, while only 10m increments due to entrainment in the second one. There are also differences in the currents structure. The different variations of thermal and currents struc ture in the mixing layers accounted for the different variation of the heat balance during the two events, es pecially the advection and residue terms. The seasonal variation of SST in this area is also investigated sim ply. The first WWB event happened just during the seasonal transition. So we considered that it is a normal season transition rather than a so-called anomaly. That also suggested that the seasonal distinction of the WWB is worthy of more attention in the researches of its relationship to ENSO.     

副高北进过程的个例数值研究

就一次出梅时西太平洋副热带高压北进过程,用数值试验的方法,对副高北进的原因进行了分析研究,重点分析了非绝热过程在副高北进过程中所起的作用。结果表明:1）对应出梅时的环流形势,大气内部的动力调整过程具有使副高增强北进的趋势,是副高北进的主导因子。2）在3～5天时间尺度上,非绝热过程的作用不可忽视,其总效应使副高减弱。就各非绝热因子而言,净辐射过程的总效应使副高减弱,不利副高北进;降水凝结潜热释放有利副高的维持和增强,有利副高北进。就地区而言,南亚季风区加热具有同副高南侧热带辐合带加热相同的作用,正的加热增强有利副高增强北进。