Keeping the high-tech region open and dynamic: the organizational networks of Taiwan's integrated circuit industry

This paper aims to bridge the literatures of industrial districts and organizational networks by studying the development of organizational relationships in Taiwan's integrated circuit (IC) industry. Firms of the IC industry in Taiwan are highly concentrated in the Hsinchu Science-based Industrial Park (HSIP). They not only have contributed the most to the combined sales for the HSIP compared to other industries for half a decade, but also have made Taiwan the country with the fourth-largest IC industry in the world today. Along with the creation and maintenance of global competitiveness in this industry, the means of developing organizational relationships and geographical linkages are examined in this paper. The empirical findings are based on analysis of data regarding the organizational connections for Taiwan's IC industry during 1976 to 1996, collected at the individual firm level. It is found that a concurrent process of intensifying the internal as well as external linkages has occurred in the HSIP, a young high-tech region. It indicates that not only is the ``regional advantage' sufficiently sustained, but also the global industrial networks are continuously expanded to maintain the openness and dynamics of the region.     

Basin-wide hydrological system assessment under climate change scenarios through conceptual modelling

ABSTRACT

Mediterranean region is identified as a primary hot-spot for climate change due to the expected temperature and rainfall changes. Understanding the potential impacts of climate change on the hydrology in these regions is an important task to develop long-term water management strategies. The aim of this study was to quantify the potential impacts of the climate changes on local hydrological quantities at the Goksu Watershed at the Eastern Mediterranean, Turkey as a case study. A set of Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) scenarios were used as drivers for the conceptual hydrological model J2000 to investigate how the hydrological system and the underlying processes would respond to projected future climate conditions. The model was implemented to simulate daily hydrological quantities including runoff generation, Actual Evapotranspiration (AET) and soil-water balance for present (2005–2015) and future (up to 2100). The results indicated an increase of both precipitation and runoff throughout the region from January to March. The region showed a strong seasonally dependent runoff regime with higher flows during winter and spring and lower flows in summer and fall. The study provides a comparative methodology to include meteorological-hydrological modelling integration that can be feasible to assess the climate change impacts in mountainous regions.     

云南个旧矿区卡房矿田遥感地质综合信息成矿预测

在云南个旧矿区卡房矿田地质特征研究的基础上，分析了该矿田的遥感线性构造特征、环形(弧形)构造特征及线环构造组合特征，通过等值线法显示和计算遥感综合信息量，由遥感综合信息量频数曲线图的拐点确定了找矿信息临界值为7．5和15．划分了一、二两级找矿远景单元，类比已知成矿区，最后提出了五个成矿预测区。     

Exploring the role of topography in small channel erosion

Erosion caused by concentrated flows in agricultural areas is responsible for important soil losses, and rapid sediment transfer through the channel network. The main factors controlling concentrated flow erosion rates include the erodibility of soil materials, soil use and management, climate and watershed topography. In this paper, two topographic indices, closely related to mathematical expressions suggested by different authors, are used to characterize the influence of watershed topography on gully erosion. The AS1 index is defined as the product of the watershed area and the partial area‐weighted average slope. The AS2 index is similar to the AS1 but uses the swale slope as the weighting factor. Formally, AS2 is the product of the watershed area and the length‐weighted average swale slope. From studies made using different ephemeral gully erosion databases, it is shown that a high correlation consistently exists between the topographic indices and the volume of eroded soil. The resulting relationships are therefore useful to assess soil losses from gully erosion, to identify the most susceptible watersheds within large areas, and to compare the susceptibility to gully erosion among different catchments. This information is also important in studying the response of natural drainage network systems to different rainfall inputs. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

三峡库区小流域生态农业发展模式探讨--以杨家沟、戴家沟为例

以位于三峡库区的杨家沟、戴家沟小流域为案例,在实地调查研究的基础上,深入分析了三峡库区小流域由于自然和人为因素所导致的生态环境功能降低、生态农业发展滞后等实际问题,在技术和模式层面探讨了山地小区域的生态农业发展。以水土保持为导向发展生态农业应立足资源和环境本底,在农民可以接受的农业技术层次和经济发展水平上做文章,最终走生态产业化和产业生态化的可持续发展之路。这对于在山地小区域维持生态系统的功能,协调人地关系,发展生态农业以及提高居民的生活水平,有重要的理论和实践价值。     

湖南境内沅水流域地质灾害形成因素分析

沅水流域流经湖南省的西部地区，由于地质环境和社会经济背景的特殊性，已成为湖南省地质灾害的主要分布区。通过对流域内地质灾害发育特征的归纳，着重从自然影响因素和人类活动两个方面来分析流域内地质灾害的形成。主要采用灰色关联理论来分析流域内大气降水、地形条件和人类活动等3个主要致灾因子的关联度，其结果分别为0．8332、0．6589和0．5654，从而来探求流域内地质灾害灾变机理的规律性，为流域内各个地区的防灾减灾提供依据，最大限度减少地质灾害所造成的经济损失，促进流域内社会、经济、生态环境的可持续发展。     

上海市工程地质结构特征

根据前人的研究,结合三维城市地质调查取得的阶段成果,对上海市域工程地质研究程度、工程地质层的划分及其工程地质结构特征、工程地质分区及分区评价进行了论述。