书籍如何在中国古代民间社会中发挥信息交流作用

从传播学的角度看，书籍具有信息交流的作用。在古代民间社会中，由于各方面条件的限制，书籍信息交流作用的发挥除了体现在传统的家学渊源中以外，主要表现为读书人之间的借阅、互借、借抄、赠予等行为。此外，少数书主慷慨大度地开放藏书（类似私家图书馆）及唐宋以来的历代私建书院，也使书籍的交流作用得到了发挥。     

临沂市资源利用方式与经济社会转型升级的关系探讨

针对经济社会发展需求与国土资源相对稀缺的矛盾日益突出的问题,该文以临沂市为例,对国土资源助推经济社会转型升级的做法进行探讨,对实践中存在的问题和面临的形势进行梳理分析,提出了加强顶层制度设计,优化国土资源管理制度、体制和机制方面的对策措施。     

试论地质工作在服务贵州发展中的地位和作用

论述了贵州矿产资源禀赋特征与优势和特色,阐述了贵州地质在贵州省社会经济发展特别是在实施西部大开发战略中的地位和作用,根据新形势下树立和落实以人为本科学发展观和实施可持续发展战略、社会经济发展、资源环境保护对地质工作的新需求和新要求以及地质工作的发展、深化和延伸,初步论述了贵州省地质工作在服务贵州发展中的地位和作用,指出贵州发展给地质工作开辟了广阔的服务领域和发挥作用的巨大空间,地质工作需要加强观念创新和服务水平的提升。     

Water-saving potential evaluation of water-receiving regions in Shandong province on the East Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project of China

Taking 13 water-receiving areas on the East Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (ERSNWDP) in Shandong Province as the study area, and comparing it with Jiangsu Province on the ERSNWDP and the Middle Route of the South-to-North (MRSNWDP), the current water-saving potential of the water-receiving areas within the municipalities of Shandong was analyzed. Different water-saving scenarios were constructed and analyzed with key water-saving indexes in various industries. These indexes include the effective utilization coefficient of farmland irrigation water, total water consumption of industrial sectors with an added value of over 10 000 RMB, average leakage rate of the urban public water supply pipe network and the penetration rate of water-saving appliances. Based on the scenarios, comprehensive water-saving potential of the 13 water-receiving area cities was calculated. The results show that the water-saving potential of the study area is at a relative high level. However, some cities still have a certain amount of water-saving potential for agriculture and industry to be elevated. Under the recommended water-saving scenario, the water-saving potential is 1.134 billion m³, accounting for 5.33% of the current total water consumption, of which 460 million m³ is in agriculture, 600 million m³ in industry, is and 74.20 million m³ in urban domestic sector. Comprehensive water-saving measures for the study area were proposed from the aspects of agricultural, industrial and domestic water uses. Agricultural and industrial water saving are more significant. The major cities for agricultural water saving include Jining City, Heze City, Weifang City and Jinan City; the focus cities of industrial water saving mainly include Weihai City, Jining City and Qingdao City and etc.; the key water-saving areas for urban use mainly include Zaozhuang City, Jining City and Heze City.     

干旱区内陆河流域地下水调蓄系统与水资源开发利用模式

对于解决干旱区内陆河流水资源的调蓄问题,人们已习惯采用"高坝大库"的工程技术方案。通过分析国内外地下水库的建设经验,结合干旱区内陆河流地貌单元、储水构造特征以及水资源转化特点,提出了建设山间凹陷、山前凹陷和深覆盖河谷型等三种地下水库的具体设想及相应的适宜地段,并以此为基础,提出了一种以地下水库调蓄为主,地下水与地表水统一调度的流域水资源开发利用的新模式,以期使水资源的开发利用更加合理、科学、经济。这种新模式是实现干旱区内陆河流域水资源高效利用、合理配置的有益尝试,充分体现了因地制宜、人与自然和谐的治水新理念。     

和谐社会视域下黑社会性质组织犯罪探析

当前我国黑社会性质组织犯罪日益成为构建和谐社会的障碍,努力遏制黑社会性质组织犯罪,对构建社会主义和谐社会具有重要意义。在阐述黑社会性质组织犯罪的现状和特征基础上,分析了其发展原因并提出了防治对策:深化经济体制改革;加大政治改革力度;加强思想文化建设;加强反"黑"的刑事立法;预防、打击、教育三者并重;加强区域合作、国际合作。     

干旱、半干旱地区沙质土壤的防渗节水技术研究

根据有机-无机复合材料的凝胶化原理,以水乳液的形式,在土壤模拟柱上进行了防渗效果试验,得到了从粗沙到亚粘土各类土壤的渗漏量。通过发芽率试验证明材料本身对植物无毒副作用,为干旱、半干旱地区的防渗节水技术发展提供了新的方法。     

"绿岛模式"研究--一个循环农业企业案例分析

指出潮州市绿岛生态农业有限公司通过先后实施“果林开发”战略、“种养结合”战略和“旅游带动”战略,经历了“绿岛名、优、稀水果产业基地”、“绿岛猪—沼—果生态农业生产基地”和“绿岛循环农业生产基地”三个阶段的发展,形成了“绿岛模式”。认为“绿岛模式”是基于循环经济理念构建的以旅游业为龙头的循环农业生产系统,在形态上表现为以生态农业旅游区为载体的循环农业生产基地,是一种资源节约型农业企业模式,属于先进的现代农业企业模式之一。     

地理信息系统学科中几个基本问题探讨

地理信息科学(GISci)尚不成熟,但中国地理信息系统(GIS)高等教育发展快速,因此GIS学科发展面临许多问题和挑战。尝试从哲学本体论、认识论和方法论角度探讨GIS学科中的几个基本问题:现实世界、概念世界、数字世界、空间认知、空间表达、空间分析与研究方法,同时从社会实践角度总结了GIS应用中的组织、管理与社会问题。1)系统总结地理空间、空间认知与信息表达的关系以及地理信息的基本特征;2)回顾GIS的概念与内涵演变,论证GIS概念的多样性与同一性,分析了几个代表性的GIS研究方向;3)在回顾地理学研究范式转变的基础上,探讨空间分析、知识产生过程以及基于GIS的地理学研究范式;4)辨析GIS与组织管理间的关系、GIS与社会间的互动关系,特别强调发展中国家GIS应用面临的问题。建议围绕“空间认知与表达”、“GIS方法论”、“GIS、组织与社会”进行跨学科研究,完善GIS学科体系。     

The post-industrialising city: political perspectives and cultural biases

Many Western cities face marked changes that are associated with post-industrialisation of the urban environment. In this article, four political perspectives on the threats and opportunities associated with post-industrialisation are discussed: liberal productivism; communitarianism; institutional perfectionism and participative democracy. In cultural terms these four approaches appear to be remarkably biased. As such, they are unlikely to match the complicated, confusing and unpredictable processes that are taking place in Western cities. The complexities of post-industrialisation demand cultural variety in the public domain. This, in turn, requires connectivity and openness in the institutions that structure urban politics and urban policy making. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.