GPS automatic monitoring system for outside deformation of Geheyan Dam on the Qingjiang River

In this paper, the background of developing GPS Automatic Monitoring System for outside deformation of Geheyan Dam is described concisely. The framework, precision and features of the system are stated in detail. Finally, the prospective application of the system is introduced.     

美国互联网上的主要地学信息资源介绍

简要介绍了目前查询地学信息资源的部分主要工具,主要的水资源与环境地学信息数据库的分布格局,提供了相应的网址和主要地学信息库的特征;同时也对互联网上分布的有关地学应用软件系统,地学教育资源等作了简要介绍。这些内容不仅给我国地学研究,特别是从事大尺度地学环境、水资源研究的人员提供了有价值的信息,同时也可以帮助初步接触网络的地学研究人员了解目前地学资源信息库的发展现状和水平,促使我国地学环境信息库的建设和发展。     

地震安全性评价制度改革的问题与展望

地震安全性评价制度是地震灾害预防制度的重要组成部分,自中华人民共和国成立之初演化发展至20世纪90年代基本成形,并纳入《中华人民共和国防震减灾法》。在深化“放管服”改革中,国务院先后取消了地震安全性评价资质许可和结果审定的行政审批事项,提出施行区域评估。在建立新制度过程中,面临着审批部门须承担委托开展地震安全性评价责任、区域性地震安全性评价与地震小区划及地震区划同质化、地震安全性评价结果质量监管困难、重大建设工程“应评未评”“评而未用”等问题。本文在分析地震安全性评价制度历史变迁、改革现状的基础上,提出地震安全性评价制度改革的展望,以期为地震安全性评价制度改革和《中华人民共和国防震减灾法》《地震安全性评价管理条例》修订提供参考。     

MODIS与NCEP大气可降水量资料的比较分析

利用中国大陆地区2001年4个季节(1、4、7、10月)中8d和4m的NCEP资料，对整层大气的比湿进行积分得到大气可降水量。选用了同时同地的MODIS大气可降水量资料，然后对两者进行了对比分析。结果发现：在中国西北、内蒙地区MODIS大气可降水量资料要比NCEP资料普遍偏大，而在东南和华南部分地区则普遍偏小。如果对上述两个地区的MODIS资料分别乘以修正系数0．933983和1．07686，则两者的差别可控制在0．2cm以内。因此，MODIS大气可降水量资料经过修正后，可以为卫星反演模式提供同化性较好的输入资料。     

Response surface-based robust geotechnical design of supported excavation – spreadsheet-based solution

ABSTRACT

The robust geotechnical design (RGD) approach which involves optimization to obtain a design that is safe, cost-efficient, and robust in the face of uncertainties, can be computationally challenging for complex geotechnical structures. In this study, the RGD approach has become practical by introducing a response surface as a surrogate to finite element- or finite difference-based computer code that is used for analyzing the system, and developing a fast algorithm for the optimization process. For demonstration purposes, a real-world supported excavation project is designed using this modified RGD approach and it is compared with the one designed by a local expert.     

MASS系统数据库的建立

根据地震数据资料的特点和系统服务功能的要求，采用当今先进的大型网络关系数据库模型构造了辽宁省数字遥测地震台网管理和服务系统数据库。本文对该数据库的总体设计和建立等做了较详细的介绍。     

利用地基GPS数据研究2006年12月电离层磁暴现象

利用中国大陆全球定位GPS台网数据和中国周边地区国际IGS站数据，研究了2006年12月中旬的 磁暴对中国大陆上空电离层的影响。结果显示,该磁暴对中国大陆上空电离层的影响并不显著。     

大深度救生钟耐压结构的优化设计

针对某型救生钟的救生舱耐压壳体,推导出典型水下耐压结构的计算公式,建立结构优化数学模型,并编制计算程序以求解结构最优尺寸,在此基础上确定耐压结构的设计尺寸.对设计结果采用有限元计算和规范计算比对分析,结果证明采用程序计算设计的优化尺寸满足工程要求.本文提供的计算方法可为水下环肋耐压壳体结构工程设计提供参考.     

Progress in the Research on Benefit-sharing and Ecological Compensation Mechanisms for Transboundary Rivers

Transboundary rivers have important geopolitical and geo-economic connotations, but riparian states of transboundary rivers are often driven by their own rapid population growth and economic development to be-come involved in regional conflicts about the development and use of water resources. Therefore, finding a balance between the need for fair and reasonable development of water resources and the effective protection of environment from an ecological perspective has become a major problem faced by the international community. This paper begins with consideration of international water laws related to transboundary rivers and then reviews advances in the research on benefit-sharing, ecological compensation mechanisms, and adaptive management systems. We believe that existing international water laws form a complete legal system and that more attention needs to be paid to transboundary cooperation and sustainable water resource use. With respect to how transboundary water conflicts are resolved, there is a trend to move away from single water resource allocation (a zero-sum game) to benefit-sharing in order to achieve a win-win situation for riparian states, but there are still some difficulties in transboundary ecological compensation. In China, the central government has paid attention to horizontal ecological compensation between upstream and downstream, offering guidance to promote establishment of inter-province ecological compensation. Based on existing practice, horizontal ecological compensations are still in their infancy, small in scale, supported by a weak legal system, lacking market mechanisms to encourage their use and relying on fiscal transfers as the method of payment. In the future, China will need to intensify its research on legal system development, international cooperation, and benefit-sharing as these impact transboundary water resources. Because government can be seen as a management department with multiple identities (enabler, regulator and buyer), to improve adaptive transboundary ecological compensation mechanisms, government must develop as soon as possible data sharing platforms, standards of water consumption behaviors and intergovernmental policies (or ordinances).     

人工免疫系统在梯级水库群短期优化调度中的应用

免疫起源于抗感染的研究,是一种机体识别和排斥抗原性异物的生理功能。现代仿生技术将免疫应用到解决非线性优化问题中,形成了独特的人工免疫系统(AIS),AIS用抗体代表问题的可行解,用抗原代表问题的约束条件和目标函数,采用期望繁殖率来定义父体选择的概率进行随机搜索全局最优解。将AIS应用到梯级水库群短期(日)优化调度的研究中,经过对某梯级水库群的仿真计算,认为其结果是合理和可实际应用的。