连云港近海海域水质的季节和年际变化

根据1992～2005年连云港近海海域水质监测资料,对该海域水质的季节变化和年际变化进行研究.结果表明,近海水质有明显的季节变化特征,其中盐度从春、夏季到秋季缓慢降低,冬季升高;溶解无机氮(DIN)与盐度恰恰相反,夏秋季最高且监测的超标率高.溶解氧季节性非常明显,依次为冬季>春季>秋季>夏季.总体上春冬季水质好于夏秋季.年际变化显示,1992～2005年pH和盐度均有降低趋势,尤其是2003年以后降幅更加明显;DO和COD年际变化相对平稳但季节变化幅度较大;2000年12月后油类浓度明显降低且年际变化平稳;近几年DIN有明显增加趋势,无机氮已成为该海域主要污染物.     

Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for water resources carrying capacity in Tarim River Basin, Xinjiang, China

This paper explores the method of comprehensive evaluation of water resources carrying capacity and sets up an evaluation model applying the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Based on the data of nature, society, economics and water resources of the Tarim River Basin in 2002, we evaluated the water resources carrying capacity of the basin by means of the model. The results show that the comprehensive grades are 0.438 and 0.454 for Aksu and Kashi prefectures respectively, where the current water resources exploitation and utilization has reached a relative high degree and there is only a very limited water carrying capacity, 0.620 for Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, where water resources carrying capacity is much higher, and in between for Hotan Prefecture and Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture. As a whole, the comprehensive grade of the Tarim River Basin is 0.508 and the current water resources exploitation and utilization has reached a relative high degree. Thus, we suggest that the integrated management of the water resources in the basin should be strengthened in order to utilize water resources scientifically and sustainably.     

Characteristics of water exchange in the Luzon Strait during September 2006

The Luzon Strait is the only deep channel that connects the South China Sea(SCS) with the Pacific.The transport through the Luzon Strait is an important process influencing the circulation,heat and water budgets of the SCS.Early observations have suggested that water enters the SCS in winter but water inflow or outflow in summer is quite controversial.On the basis of hydrographic measurements from CTD along 120° E in the Luzon Strait during the period from September 18 to 20 in 2006,the characteristics of t...     

基于公平性的水环境容量分配研究——以沱江流域为例

公平与效益是容量分配的两个重要原则.在我国目前采用的水环境容量无偿分配方式下,公平原则是需遵循的首要原则,在公平的基础上追求效益.以沱江流域为对象,综合考虑涉及区域的社会、经济、自然等客观因素,筛选指标确定系数对流域容量进行分配.应用经济学中衡量收入公平的基尼系数概念,对分配结果的公平性进行评估,给出综合体现社会性、经济性和历史性的水环境容量分配方案.     

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??FG5??112?????????????й?????????????硱????????? ??JZ06????????4?ξ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1??2001??2008??3?ι?????????????????20??10^-8ms^-2???????????????????????????????????????????15.4??10^-8ms^-2??????6.7??10^-8??ms^-2????2?????????仯??????????????????????????????????仯?????0.61??10^-8ms????^-2??/a???????????λ???????-0.18cm/a??????????????????仯??????????????????????????????????????????????????????     

Effects of Body Weight and Water Temperature on Maximum Food Consumption of JuvenileSebastodes fuscescens (Houttuyn)

1　INTRODUCTIONTherateoffoodconsumptionoffishfedadlibitumisregardedasthemaximumrateoffoodconsumption(Cmax) (Woottonetal.,1 980 ) .SeveralfactorsthatinfluenceCmaxincludingbodyweight (Liuetal.,1 998) ,watertemperature (Liuetal.,1 998) ,dis solvedoxygen (Vivekanandan ,1 977) ,salinity (ZanuyandCarrillo ,1 985 ) ,andphotoperiod (Grossetal.,1 965 ) ,werereported .Bodysizeandwatertemperaturewereregardedastwoofthemostimportantfactors,andhadreceivedmostattention (Elliott,1 979;Woottonetal.,1 …     

马尔可夫链模型在地下水水位预测中的应用

作者将鲁南地区一水文观测孔的９２次地下水水位月平均监测数据,划分了１０种状态范围,运用马尔可夫链模型,对未来地下水水位进行状态范围预测。在与实际监测资料进行对比的基础上,验证了马尔可夫链理论在地下水水位预测中的可行性及可靠性,并对运用中的具体问题进行了探讨。     

THE PROBLEMS OF WATER RESOURCES IN NORTH CHINA AND THE STRATEGY

North China, whose total area is 420,000 km2, covers 2 provinces and 2 cities (Shanxi and Hebei provinces, Beijing and Tianjin) and the territories of Henan and Shandong provinces to the north of the Huanghe (Yellow) River, and part of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Liaoning Province. Most of this region, which is situated in the semi-humid, semi-arid continental climate temperate zone, gets an annual precipitation of 500-600 mm, whereas, the perennial average amount of total water resource is 50.99 billion m3, including 33.82 billion m3 of surface water, 32.94 billion m3 of ground water and 15.77 billion m3 of their duplication. Due to the intensive exploitation of water resource caused by the deficiency of water resource in North China, key elements of water balance was changed, runoff volume reduced, evaporation increased, vertical movement of moisture strengthened, water circulation pattern transformed from open system into regionally closed system; meanwhile, due to the incompetent water     

水资源开发利用引起的环境负效应——以玛纳斯河流域为例

通过对玛纳斯河流域环境负效应研究,确定了水资源开发利用过程中引起环境负效应的制约因子,引入地下水动态均衡方法进行半定量分析,明确地下水量的变化为引起环境负效应的直接因素,为定量进行水资源综合开发与利用、防止环境负效应的产生提供方法和依据。