Water temperature behaviour in the River Loire since 1976 and 1881

Analysis of monthly mean river temperatures, recorded on an hourly basis in the middle reaches of the Loire since 1976, allows reconstruction by multiple linear regression of the annual, spring and summer water temperatures from equivalent information on air temperatures and river discharge. Since 1881, the average annual and summer temperatures of the Loire have risen by approximately 0.8?°C, this increase accelerating since the late 1980s due to the rise in air temperature and also to lower discharge rates. In addition, the thermal regime in the Orleans to Blois reach is considerably affected by the inflow of groundwater from the Calcaires de Beauce aquifer, as shown by the summer energy balance. To cite this article: F. Moatar, J. Gailhard, C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006).     

车镇地区下古生界碳酸盐岩潜山岩溶模式初探

构造分析和地层研究表明,潜山范围内岩溶垂向发育有限,但是潜山周缘岩溶深度很大。采用岩石学、地球化学分析等方法,对研究区岩溶作用进行了深入分析。共识别出3期岩溶作用,即寒武系冶里亮甲山组-凤山组沉积期岩溶、加里东期岩溶和印支燕山期岩溶。初步探讨了3期岩溶机制:沉积期古岩溶受控于沉积、成岩作用,以大气水、海水混合白云石化作用所形成的储集空间最为有利;加里东期古岩溶介质为大气水,以地表溶蚀为主,岩溶缝、孔、洞多为后期石炭-二叠系泥岩所充填;印支燕山期古岩溶为研究区主要岩溶发育期,受构造运动、内幕地层控制,岩溶介质主要为大气水,混有地下热液影响。     

The Neopleistocene of North European Russia: Stratigraphy,paleogeography, and paleoclimate

The Pleistocene sediments of North European Russia have been studied using different methods to establish their composition and identify the enclosed organic remains. The results obtained elucidate natural climatic environments of the Pleistocene and corresponding sedimentation cycles and development stages. Glaciation centers are identified for different Pleistocene epochs based on lithological criteria. The established secular trends characterizing spatial distribution and composition of different-age glacial horizons facilitate their regional correlation. Climatic conditions and paleogeographic settings of sedimentation during interglacial epochs of the middle-late Pleistocene and Holocene are reconstructed. Variations in development of vegetation, temperature, and humidity are detected for the first time in the Timan-Pechora-Vychegda, Arkhangel’sk and Vologda regions with parallel coordination of obtained data. As is concluded, there was a tendency of climate cooling in North European Russia during the Neopleistocene.     

古新世-始新世暖期北半球野火演化研究

古近纪是现代气候和植被形成的关键过渡期, 而野火活动与气候、植被和碳循环等存在耦合关系。开展古新世-始新世(66~34 Ma)3个特征暖期, 即古新世-始新世极热事件(PETM, 约55.9 Ma)、早始新世气候适宜期(EECO, 53.3~49.1 Ma)、中始新世气候适宜期(MECO, 约40.5~40.1 Ma)的野火活动研究, 对于揭示气候和植被变化特征及其影响具有重要意义。本研究基于蒙古高原南部二连盆地古新世-始新世野火记录, 并结合北半球该时段其他12个地点的野火研究数据, 从长尺度地质记录视角, 重建北半球野火活动特征与演变, 并探讨其驱动机制。研究结果显示古新世-始新世不同特征暖期野火发生规模和强度存在差异, PETM极端暖期较EECO和MECO暖期野火强度更大, 但不十分显著。古新世-始新世暖期并没有持续的、大规模的野火发生, 呈现"低野火状态", 总体不支持强调燃烧活动影响全球碳循环的"野火假说"。通过野火发生与温度、降水、植被以及CO2浓度等环境因子之间的关系分析, 对"古近纪低火谜题"进行初探, 认为古新世-始新世气候的季节性并不分明, 较短的干季不利于可燃"燃料"和潜在火源的形成, 很可能是新生代早期"低野火"的主因。     

The relationship between the growth process of the ferromanganese crusts in the pacific seamount and Cenozoic ocean evolvement

Base on the Os isotope stratigraphy together with the empirical growth rate models using Co concentrations, the growth ages of the ferromanganese crusts MHD79 and MP3D10 distributed in the seamount of Pacific are confirmed. Through the contrast and research on the previous achievements including ODP Leg 144 and the crusts CD29-2, N5E-06 and N1–15 of the seamount of the Central Pacific, the uniform five growth and growth hiatus periods of them are found, and closely related to the Cenozoic ocean evolvement process. In the Paleocene Carbon Isotope Maximum (PCIM), the rise of the global ocean productivity promoted the growth of the seamount crust; the first growth hiatus (I) of the ferromanganese crust finished. In the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), though the vertical exchange of seawater was weakened, the strong terrestrial chemical weathering led to the input of a great amount of the terrigenous nutrients, which made the bioproductivity rise, so there were no crust hiatuses. During 52–50 Ma, the Early Eocene Optimum Climate (EECO), the two poles were warm, the latitudinal temperature gradient was small, the wind-driven sea circulation and upwelling activity were weak, the terrestrial weathering was also weakened, the open ocean bioproductivity decreased, and the ferromanganese crust had growth hiatus again (II). From early Middle Eocene-Late Eocene, Oligocene, it was a long-term gradually cooling process, the strengthening of the sea circulation and upwelling led to a rise of bioproductivity, and increase of the content of the hydrogenous element Fe, Mn and Co and the biogenous element Cu, Zn, so that was the most favorable stage for the growth of ferromanganese crust (growth periods III and IV) in the studied area. The hiatus III corresponded with the Eocene- Oligocene boundary, is inferred to relate with the global climate transformation, celestial body impact event in the Eocene-Oligocene transition. From the early to the middle Miocene, a large-scale growth hiatus (hiatus period IV) of the ferromanganese crust in the studied area is inferred to relate with temporary warm up climate and ephemeral withdrawal of Antarctic bottom water in the early Miocene. After that, the Antarctic ice sheets extended, the bottom water circumfluence strengthened, the ocean fertility increased, and the once interrupted crust continued to grow in the late Miocene (growth period V). Supported by China Ocean Mineral Resources Research and Development Association “10th Five Year” Topic (Grant No. DY105-01-04-14)     

贵州草海湿地不同生境周丛生物碳、氮、磷生态化学计量学

为深入了解湿地周丛生物碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)生态化学计量的变化规律及其影响因素,对贵州草海湿地4种不同生境(湖滨带、人工湿地、农田沟渠、污水处理厂)中周丛生物两个生长阶段(生长期和衰老期)的C、N、P生态化学计量学进行了研究.结果表明:水体营养指数依次为污水处理厂(51.55±4.50)＞农田沟渠(50.41±4...     

新疆塔城地区地震地质特征

托里活断层、达尔布特活断层、独山子—安集海活断层及霍尔果斯—卡子湾活断层是塔城地区主要的全新世活断层，均有过多次古地震活动。自１９７７年以来，４级以上地震活动的空区在裕民县西北。据活断层古地震活动复现期及地震活动围空特点分析，今后１０年北天山或塔城西北可能有发生６级左右地震的危险。     

Influence of the soil–structure interaction on the fundamental period of buildings

This paper includes an investigation of the influence of the soil–structure interaction (SSI) on the fundamental period of buildings. The behaviour of both the soil and the structure is assumed to be elastic. The soil‐foundation system is modelled using translational and rotational discrete springs. Analysis is first conducted for one‐storey buildings. It shows that the influence of the SSI on the fundamental frequency of building depends on the soil–structure relative rigidity K_ss. Analysis is then extended for multi‐storey buildings. It allows the generalization of the soil–structure relative rigidity K_s to such complex structures. Charts are proposed for taking into account the influence of the SSI in the calculation of the fundamental frequency of a wide range of buildings. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

华北地区第四活动期两次地震活动过程的相似性研究

着重分析研究华北地区第四活动期以来M_S≥5.0地震时空分布特征。结果表明,该地区第四活动期从1820年至1976年期间,地震活动出现了前后两次基本相似的强弱起伏活动过程,分别历时69年和66年。前后两个活动过程不但时序结构类似,进程一致,且空间演化格局相似,都是先从华北地区的中南部开始,再迁移至东北部辽东半岛及附近海域,最终在华北地区北部集中出现一系列强震活动,而完成整个活动过程。进一步分析表明,前后两活动过程的第一阶段6级以上强震,在空间分布上除南黄海地区外,基本上互不重复。这一现象的发现,有助于该地区今后地震活动主体区域的分析判断。     

Invisible face of COVID-19 pandemic on the freshwater environment: An impact assessment on the sediment quality of a cross boundary river basin in Turkey

In the current research,the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown period on sediment quality of the MericErgene River Basin was evaluated by determining the potentially toxic elements（PTEs） in sediment samples collected from 25 sampling points in the basin.Also some important ecological indicators including potential ecological risk index（PERI）,contamination factor（CF）,pollution load index（PLI）,biological risk index（BRI）,and geo-accumulation index(I_geo) and some important statistical indica...