Analytical expression between the impact damping ratio and the coefficient of restitution in the non‐linear viscoelastic model of structural pounding

Earthquake‐induced structural pounding has been recently intensively studied with the help of different models of impact force. It has been verified through comparisons, that the non‐linear viscoelastic model may be considered somewhat the most accurate one among them. The aim of this short paper is to derive an approximating formula relating the impact damping ratio, as a parameter of the model mentioned, with a more widely used coefficient of restitution. The accuracy of the derived analytical formulation has been confirmed through the comparison with the results of numerical simulations. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

分形几何在激电时间谱中的应用

本文首次把分形维技术应用到岩石激发极化时间谱资料的处理中,并建立了相应的分形分维弛豫模型,通过大量和系统的理论与实验研究,得出了一些有意义的结论和认识。     

3-D rheologic model of earthquake preparation (Ⅱ):Strain field and its applications

On the basis of the three-dimensional elastic inclusion model, the analytic expression of viscoelastic strain field is derived, i.e., the analytic expression of viscoelastic strain at an arbitrary point (x, y, z) in x-axis, y-axis and z-axis produced by three-dimension inclusion in the semi-infinite rheologic medium defined by the standard linear rheologic model, namely the normal strains εxx(r, t), εyy(r, t) and εzz(r, t), the shear strains εxy(r, t) and εyx(r, t), εyz(r, t)and εzy(r, t), εxz(r, t) and εzx(r, t), and the bulk-strain θ (r, t). By computing the spatial-temporal variation of bulk strain on the ground produced by a spherical rheologic inclusion in a semi-infinite rheologic medium, we obtained some significant results that the bulk-strain variation with time produced by a hard inclusion has three stages (α, β,γ) with different characteristics, which are similar to those of most geodetic deformation curves, but not the case for those by a soft inclusion. It is meaningful that these theoretical results have been applied to explain preliminarily the characteristics of stage variation of spatial-temporal evolution, the pattern and quadrant distribution of earthquake precursors, the changeability, spontaneity and complexity of short-term and imminent-term precursors. It offers a theoretical base to found the physical model of earthquake precursors and a reference to predict physically the earthquakes.     

航空影像特征匹配研究

基于格网和三角网的优点 ,提出了一种基于特征的影像松弛匹配方法。算法利用边缘提取算子提取影像特征信息 ,把提取的边缘特征点分配到预定的规则格网中进行登记 ,同时构建特征三角网     

3-D rheologic model of earthquake preparation (I) — Displacement field

Based on the three-dimensional ela stic inclusion model proposed by Dobrovolskii, we developed a three-dimensional rheologic inclusion model and theory to study the earthquake preparation process. By using correspondence principle in the theory of rheologic mechanics, we derived the analytic expression of the viscoelastic displacement at an arbitrary point (x, y, z) in three directions of x, y and z-axes (i.e., U(r, t), V*(r, t) and W(r, t)) produced by a three-dimension inclusion in the semi-infinite rheologic medium defined by the standard linear rheologic model. Foundation item: Chinese Joint Seismological Science Foundation (101105)     

Biot理论的唯象修正对S波特性的影响

将复模量引入Biot方程后，在一维条件下通过S波的波动方程研究了S波的传播特性，S波的数值分析显示在频率域或温度域上都能获得热弛豫衰减峰和Biot衰减峰. 在频率域上由于温度的变化引起两峰相向位移,在温度域上,因频率的变化也发生相对移动. 随着温度和频率的不断提高，两峰发生叠加，叠加后两峰互换位置. 低频或低温段的热弛豫峰移到了高频或高温段，高频或高温段的Biot峰移到了低频或低温段.由于两峰的衰减机制不同，导致S波波速随频率或温度变化规律的复杂性. 这些规律已部分被共振实验所证实，证实该理论模型具有实验基础.     

Self-diffusion studies of pore fluids in unconsolidated sediments by PFG NMR

The self-diffusion of water and hexadecane in medium and coarse sands from glacial sand deposits in central Germany were investigated by pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG NMR). Due to the restriction of the diffusion path at the pore/grain interface, the measured apparent self-diffusion coefficients (D(Δ)) in the pore space depend on the observation time (Δ) in the PFG NMR experiment. Although the bulk self-diffusion coefficients of water and hexadecane differ by about one order of magnitude, the apparent self-diffusion coefficients in the pore space obey the same characteristic time-behaviour, which depends only on geometrical properties of the pore system. Using the “short-time diffusion” model, surface-to-volume (S/V) ratios and inherent self-diffusion coefficients (D₀) of the pore fluids were extracted from these diffusion measurements. The S/V ratios obtained are independent of the pore fluid used and agree with known geometrical properties of the sand grains. Moreover, the D₀ values are consistent with the corresponding bulk self-diffusion coefficients measured separately. In contrast to these results of PFG NMR, simultaneous investigations of longitudinal (T₁) nuclear magnetic relaxation reveal that the relaxation time of the pore fluid is a less suitable parameter for a quantitative estimation of geometrical properties of the pore/grain interface in these unconsolidated sediments since it depends on chemical properties of the fluid/grain interface.     

软土地基三维粘弹性反演分析与变形预测研究

针对无锡地区软土工程施工具有明显流变性的特点,运用粘弹性理论和反演分析方法,结合无锡市图书馆工程对其地基变形和粘弹性模型进行了研究,通过实测数据与计算值的对比来修正模型和计算参数;在此基础上对该工程的长期地基沉降进行了预测,取得了与实际较为吻合的结果,为本地区软土工程地基的长期变形预测提供了有效的方法和思路。     

利用长期GPS数据研究2008年汶川地震震后形变

采用2008年汶川M_W7.9地震震后7a的GPS连续站和流动站的长期观测资料,基于粘弹性松弛模型,利用PSGRN/PSCMP程序计算汶川震后形变,反演巴颜喀拉块体下的粘弹性参数。其中分层模型考虑巴颜喀拉块体下存在低速带,最优拟合的粘弹性松弛模型显示该低速带粘弹性参数为2.51×10¹⁸ Pa·s,而中下地壳粘弹性参数为3.98×10¹⁸ Pa·s。