A simplified computational approach for prediction of transient climatic conditions in underground mine airways

Summary A simplified approach for prediction of transient climatic conditions in an underground airway os presented. The dry surface temperature of the airway is calculated using a finite difference scheme, whereas the wet surface temperature is determined following the concept of pseudo-base-temperature of air and using the value of thermal gradient at the dry surface as obtained from the finite difference solution of the temperature profile in the dry rock. The air-current temperatures are regularly evaluated after a suitable time span so as to simulate a real-case situation, and the re-evaluated air-current temperatures are used for further calculations. For increasing age of the airway the wet surface temperature obtained by the finite difference scheme, with an appropriate value of thermal diffusivity, is compared with its value determined by the pseudo-base-temperature approach.     

江西瑞昌市仙姑台铜多金属矿综合勘查模型

江西仙姑台铜多金属矿位于九瑞矿集区,是近年整装勘查区中发现的斑岩—矽卡岩—热液充填型铜多金属矿床. 本文在系统分析其成矿地质背景、控矿条件、找矿标志、土壤地球化学及地球物理等特征的基础上,归纳并提取了矿床的找矿信息. 根据前二者基本可以圈定找矿区段,再结合1:1万土壤异常、1:1万高精度磁测上延50 m磁异常、激电探测视极化率与视电阻率异常,以及EH-4连续电导率剖面测量异常等多元信息,便能较为有效地确定隐伏矿体的大致分布位置. 依此建立了仙姑台铜多金属矿床的综合勘查模型,对该区寻找此类矿床有着十分重要的意义.     

长江倒灌鄱阳湖原因及发生条件的量化指标

江湖倒灌对鄱阳湖流域水动力变化和流域水环境保护等方面有重要影响,正确认识江湖倒灌原因和倒灌发生条件对明晰江湖倒灌作用机理、研究倒灌强度和倒灌影响范围等方面具有重要意义。在剖析江湖倒灌原因的基础上,从非恒定流洪水波传播的角度出发,结合鄱阳湖为"河相"、"湖相"时江湖倒灌的特点,提出了长江作用强度指标和鄱阳湖作用强度指标,在此基础上引入江湖作用综合强度函数,依据实测资料,分析研究了江湖作用综合强度函数的关系表达式、江湖倒灌发生条件及量化指标。经验证,所提出的江水倒灌量化指标可区分江湖顶托和江湖倒灌现象,可实现对鄱阳湖为"河相"、"湖相"时的江湖倒灌预测,且提高了预测江湖倒灌起止时间、总历时和年内发生次数的准确率,成果可用于江湖关系研究和鄱阳湖流域水资源综合利用工程实践中。     

某核反应堆预选区含水介质渗透性变化特征

在简要介绍预选区水文地质条件基础上,主要通过压水试验、抽水试验等水文地质试验得出各种水文地质参数从而分析预选区含水介质渗透性变化特征以及地层渗透性变化规律。     

湖南孟公界地区铀矿综合找矿模型

孟公界地区铀矿床赋存于香草坪岩体与豆乍山岩体中,矿体严格受断裂破碎带控制。笔者在系统研究该地区铀成矿地质条件、地球化学及地球物理综合信息的基础上,归纳并提取了控矿地质因素和物化探找矿标志,建立了该区的地质-地球物理-地球化学找矿模型。     

青海化隆基性-超基性岩带铜镍矿成矿条件与找矿潜力

青海化隆基性-超基性岩带是南祁连山一条重要岩带,其内产出若干基性-超基性岩体。通过对化隆基性-超基性岩带的基本地质特征及化隆群结晶基底的综合研究,结合已有研究成果及其相关其他地质信息,发现该基性-超基性岩带中的岩体都不同程度侵位于化隆群中,并具有相似的地质地球化学特征和成矿地质条件。加之带内几处典型的铜镍成矿表现,可见青海化隆基性-超基性岩带具有较好的铜镍成矿条件与找矿潜力。现有的野外工作及找矿实践亦表明了在巨厚红层覆盖下所发育的基性-超基性岩体表现了重要的铜镍矿化显示,同时提示在化隆基性-超基性岩带还有发现新的同类型岩体和铜镍矿床的潜在条件,其资源潜力较好。     

Mineral chemistry of Plio-Quaternary subvolcanic rocks,southwest Yazd Province,Iran

The NW–SE-trendingLate Cretaceous–Cenozoic Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (UDMA) in southwest Iran hosts numerous Plio-Quaternary subvolcanic porphyritic andesitic to rhyodacitic domes intruded into a variety of rock sequences. Bulk-rock geochemical data show that the calc-alkaline dacitic to rhyodacitic subvolcanic rocks share compositional affinities with high-silica adakites, including high ratios of Na₂O/K₂O >1, Sr/Y (most >70), and La/Yb (>35), high Al₂O₃ (>15 wt.%), low Yb (<1.8 ppm) and Y (<18 ppm) contents, no significant Eu anomalies, and flat to gently upward-sloping chondrite-normalized heavy rare-earth element (HREE) patterns. All analysed rocks are characterized by enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and depletion in high field strength elements (HFSEs). They also display typical features of subduction-related calc-alkaline magmas. In chondrite-normalized rare-earth element patterns, the light rare-earth elements (LREEs) are enriched ((La/Sm) _N = 3.49–7.89) in comparison to those of the HREE ((Gd/Yb) _N = 1.52–2.38). Except for the G-Aliabad Dome, plagioclase crystals in the Shamsabad, Ostaj, Abdollah, and Bouragh Domes are mostly oligoclase to andesine (An_19–49). Amphibole and biotite are abundant ferromagnesian minerals in the subvolcanic rocks. Calcic amphiboles are dominantly magnesiohornblende, magnesiohastingsite, and tschermakite with Mg/(Mg + Fe_tot) ratios ranging from 0.58 to 0.78. In all the studied domes, amphiboles are typically ferric iron-rich, but that those the Shamsabad Dome have the highest Fe³⁺/(Fe³⁺ + Fe²⁺) ratios, between 0.69 and 0.98. Amphiboles from the Ostaj and Shamsabad Domes are relatively rich in F (0.39–1.01 wt.%) in comparison to the other studied domes. This phase commonly shows pargasitic and hastingsitic substitutions with a combination of tschermakitic and edenitic types.

Temperature-corrected Al-in-hornblende data show that amphibole phenocrysts from the Ostaj, Abdollah, and G-Aliabad Domes crystallized at pressures ranging from 2.14 to 3.42 kbar, 3.49 to 3.96 kbar, and 2.02 to 3.47 kbar, respectively. Temperatures of crystallization calculated with the amphibole–plagioclase thermometer for the Ostaj, Abdollah, and G-Aliabad subvolcanic domes range from 735°C to 826°C (mean = 786 ± 29), 778°C to 808°C (mean = 791 ± 13), and 866°C to 908°C (mean = 885 ± 12), respectively. In the annite–siderophyllite–phlogopite–eastonite quadrilateral, biotite from the G-Aliabad, Bouragh, and Ostaj Domes are characterized by relatively low total Al contents with variable Fe_tot/(Fe_tot + Mg) values from 0.26 to 0.43. All biotite analyses define a nearly straight line in the X _Mg versus Fe_tot plot, with r = –0.96 correlation coefficient. In comparison to other domes, the F content of biotite from the G-Aliabad Dome shows high concentrations in the range of 1.80–2.57 wt.% (mean = 2.20). Inferred pre-eruptive conditions based on the calcic amphibole thermobarometric calculations for the Shamsabad, Abdollah, and Ostaj Domes show that the calc-alkaline subvolcanic magma chamber, on average, was characterized by a water content of 6.10 wt.%, a relatively high oxygen fugacity of 10^–10.66 (ΔNNO + 1.28), a temperature of 896°C, and a pressure of 2.75 kbar.     

含水层渗透系数K的空间变异性研究

本文结合桥梁实例对公路双曲拱桥出现的一些主要病害进行了初步分析，并进而对桥梁状况提出评定意见和处理建议，仅供参考。     

内蒙古东部马鞍山—察尔森地区控矿地质条件及成矿模式探讨

大兴安岭地区是我国陆域19条重要成矿带之一,是我国北方重要的有色金属勘查基地。2006至2008年,笔者参加了内蒙古兴安盟哈拉黑等四幅1:5万矿调项目,通过对以往地质资料和本次工作成果的总结,本文阐述了区域地质背景、区域地球物理、地球化学特征及区域矿产特征,分析了控矿地质因素,对区域成矿模式进行了探讨,以期开阔该地区的找矿思路,为今后矿产勘查工作的部署提供依据。     

重庆及其周缘地区下古生界页岩气成藏条件及有利区预测

从野外地表露头、井下岩心及典型剖面等基础资料出发,以富有机质页岩形成地质背景及其展布特征-页岩气成藏条件-有利区预测为主线,对重庆及周缘地区下古生界页岩气成藏条件进行分析,并采用综合信息叠合法对该区有利区进行预测。指出研究区下寒武统筇竹寺组和上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组两套富有机质页岩普遍发育,分布广,厚度大,埋藏适中,有机质类型好,有机质含量高,具有充足的储集空间和运移通道,并且等温吸附模拟和现场解析实验也表明,这两套页岩均具有较强的气体吸附、较好的含气性能;多口井钻遇黑色页岩段气显异常普遍,也为页岩气的存在提供证据。总之,该区与美国东部典型页岩气盆地有诸多地质可比性,具有形成页岩气藏的有利地质条件,是页岩气勘探研究值得关注的重要领域。