水-汽离子通量的顾函数计算值

作者近十年来在研究痕量金属离子的水-汽界面转移时，发现宏观热力学无法解释转移机制，而微观量子化学及键参数与离子转移浓度之间，却存在函数关系——顾函数。即水蒸发时水汽带出的Zn2+等离子浓度C（μg／L），正相关于比电子亲和常数IZ／Z（eV）（与水合力相关），负相关于离子体积V（3）及配位数N（与水合数相关）。本研究运用顾函数方法进行水-汽离子通量（F）计算，结果表明，世界海洋的F=C×0．35（1012g/a），黄海的F=C×0．42（109g/a），揭示了自然规律。水汽化学离子浓度测定的可靠性，已由生物毒性实验证实。     

Experimental Investigation of Wave Heights in A Directional Wave Field Through Image Sequences

Measurements of wave heights with image sequences from a Charged Coupled Device(CCD) camera were made. Sinusoidal, as well as unidirectional and directional, waves were used for the experiments. A transfer function was obtained by calibration of the magnitudes of the gray values of the images against the results of wave gauge measurements for directional waves. With this transfer function, wave heights for regular waves were deduced. It is shown that the average relative errors are smaller than 16% for both unidirectional and directional waves.     

基于星载微波辐射计的海洋大气参数反演算法研究

利用3个辐射传输模式对无冰无降水情况下的星载微波辐射计亮温测量进行仿真研究,通过模拟计算结果与同步卫星数据之间的比较分析,确定了用于反演算法研究的前向模式;利用该模式,提出了基于物理的星载微波辐射计海洋大气参数(包括海面风速、海表温度、大气垂直积分水汽量以及积分液态水量)多重线性回归算法。     

可食性壳聚糖包装膜的制备及其性质研究

以壳聚糖为成膜剂 ,以体积比为 1 %的乙酸水溶液为溶剂配制成壳聚糖成膜液 ,在成膜液中加入硬脂酸 ,用流涎法分别制成壳聚糖简单可食性包装膜和壳聚糖硬脂酸复合可食性包装膜。对膜的性能如抗拉强度、伸长率、水蒸气透过率、气体透过率、折痕等进行了分析。结果表明 ,膜性能的优劣与壳聚糖、硬脂酸等含量及成膜时的条件有关。     

Hull/mooring/riser coupled dynamic analysis and sensitivity study of a tanker-based FPSO

A computer program is developed for hull/mooring/riser coupled dynamic analysis of a tanker-based turret-moored FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading) in waves, winds, and currents. In this computer program, the floating body is modeled as a rigid body with six degrees of freedom. The first- and second-order wave forces, added mass, and radiation damping at various yaw angles are calculated from the second-order diffraction/radiation panel program WAMIT. The wind and current forces for various yaw angles of FPSO are modeled following the empirical method suggested by OCIMF (Oil Company International Marine Forum).

The mooring/riser dynamics are modeled using a rod theory and finite element method (FEM), with the governing equations described in a generalized coordinate system. The dynamics of hull, mooring lines, and risers are solved simultaneously at each time step in a combined matrix for the specified connection condition. For illustration, semi-taut chain-steel wire-chain mooring lines and steel catenary risers are employed and their effects on global FPSO hull motions are investigated. To better understand the physics related to the motion characteristics of a turret-moored FPSO, the role of various hydrodynamic contributions is analyzed and assessed including the effects of hull and mooring/riser viscous damping, second-order difference-frequency wave-force quadratic transfer functions, and yaw-angle dependent wave forces and hydrodynamic coefficients. To see the effects of hull and mooring/riser coupling and mooring/riser damping more clearly, the case with no drag forces on those slender members is also investigated. The numerical results are compared with MARIN's wave basin experiments.     

Resurrecting vintage paper seismic records

Marine seismic data has been collected for several decades in both academia and industry. Early single channel acquisitions were often, if at all, recorded on magnetic media that are generally no longer supported for replay. Although seismic data over 10 years old has limited quality compared to modern acquisition, thousands of survey km of hard copy records remains world wide in areas with no recent coverage. In addition, many processed multi-channel datasets are now not available as digital files for a variety of reasons. Rising interest in continental margin geology in response to climate change priorities and the UNCLOS submission requirements of maritime states has created a demand to re-use these older records where the cost of new or re-acquisition is not pragmatic. Through creating digital SEG-Y files from images of these records they can be reprocessed and re-interpreted. This paper investigates the practicalities of paper seismic record re-use and measures the performance of a typical conversion option as an indicator of the validity of the concept. Examples of applications of the process illustrate what can be achieved and the limitations that exist so that users can make an informed choice of whether to resurrect their information.     

相转移催化法制备抗癌新药工艺

提出采用相转移催化法,一步合成了抗癌新药ASF。工艺条件达到最简。利用正交实验法确定了最佳反应条件,通过一系列分析手段确定产物结构。     

北冰洋夏季的海雾

以中国首次北极科学考察采用国内外海冰、大气和海洋的先进观测设备,获得海、陆、空的同步或准同步观测资料为基础,重点研究北冰洋的海雾.发现在北冰洋大范围被海冰覆盖或冰水相间的洋面上,能够形成平流雾、辐射雾和蒸汽雾.每种海雾的特点和形成的物理机制不同.在北冰洋的南部,由于暖湿气流充分,易形成持续时间长、浓度大的平流雾;在冰盖和大浮冰块上,由于冰雪面的强辐射冷却,容易形成稳定的辐射雾;在浮冰区能够形成像开锅的蒸汽一样的蒸汽雾.指出在北冰洋形成多种海雾原因是海冰的分布及独特的物理特性造成下垫面性质的复杂化,产生的海气相互作用复杂化的结果,特别是冰雪面的反照率高,不能吸收极昼期充足的太阳辐射.冰又是热的不良导体,成为海气热交换的屏障,在浮冰区由于冰屏障的破碎,海气交换活跃.海洋以潜热的形式向大气输送热量,以蒸汽雾的形式反映出海气热交换的程度和对气候影响的一种表现形式.提出在蒸汽雾发生的过程中,海洋以感热的形式向大气输送热量.     

Experimental Study on the Interaction Mechanism of Cap—Pile Group—Soil

Static load tests on pile group with prototype size were carried out in order to study the behavior and the working properties of the cap—pile group—soil interaction in the pile group foundation. The soil resistance under the cap, the pile shaft resistance and the tip resistance were measured by installing various measuring gauges. Based on these test results, the cap—pile group—soil interaction characteristics were analyzed. The regulations of the soil reaction on the cap, the shaft resistance and the tip resistance of pile, the mechanism of load transfer have been discussed with comparison to the result of the single pile tests. The bearing capacity of pile group is greater than the sum of the bearing capacity of the single pile obtained from testing in the same site in pile group foundation in the case presented here.     

吸附式制冷单管吸附床传热传质的数值模拟及分析

建立氯化钙—氨吸附式制冷单管吸附床传热传质模型 ,采用数值方法对该模型进行了求解 ,得出不同工况下的温度场 ,讨论了吸附床的有效导热系数、接触热阻、流体传热系数等对解吸量及制冷功率的影响。结果表明 ,提高吸附床导热有效导热系数 ,减小接触热阻可有效地改善吸附床的性能 ,为吸附床的优化设计提供了依据