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181.
A. Waltrop S. K. Mitra A. I. Flossmann H. R. Pruppacher 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1991,12(1):1-17
An experimental study involving the Mainz vertical wind tunnel is described where the rate of SO2 removed from the air by freely suspended water drops was measured for SO2 concentrations in the gas phase ranging between 50 and 500 ppb, and for various H2O2 concentrations in the liquid phase. In a first set of experiments, the pH inside the SO2 absorbing drops was monitored by means of colour pH indicators added to the drops. In a second set of experiments, the amount of SO2 scavenged by the drops was determined as sulfate by an ionchromatograph after the drops had been removed from the vertical air stream of the wind tunnel after various times of exposure to SO2. The results of our experimental study were compared with the theoretical gas diffusion model of Walcek and Pruppacher which was reformulated for the case of SO2 concentrations in the ppbv(v) range for which the main resistance to diffusion lies in the gas phase surrounding the drop. Excellent agreement between experiment and theory was obtained. Encouraged by this agreement, the theory was used to investigate the rate of sulfate production inside a drop as a function of pH. The sulfate production rate, which includes transport and oxidation, was compared with the production rate based on bulk equilibrium, as cited in the literature. 相似文献
182.
贾永红 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1991,(4)
本文首次探讨了数字成象系统调制传递函数的测定方法及应用。试验结果表明:该测定方法不仅合理可行,而且强有力地证明了MTF的应用价值。即不仅用于象质的评价,而且为成象系统的检定和调试提供了新的技术手段。 相似文献
183.
基于2-(4′-联苯基)-6-苯基苯并(口恶)唑(PBBO)染料分子发射光谱(λ_(em)~(max)=400nm)和2,3,4,6,7,8-六氢化喹嗪并[9,10,1-f,g]-1-甲基香豆素(CND_(102))的激发光谱(λ_(em)~(max)=388nm)的能级相互匹配,以及表面活性剂胶束的存在是染料分子间能量传递的必备条件,使荧光法测Pb的灵敏度以数量级提高。 相似文献
184.
185.
本文所述方法的基本思路是:根据空间后方交会原理建立单张航片的投影变换模型,利用扫描仪输入航片调绘数据和地形高程数据,利用投影变换模型对航片数据进行变换处理,从而实现对航片的转绘。该方法适用于高山、丘陵、平地的航片转绘。 相似文献
186.
一种新的计算冰面饱和水汽压方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了国内外近似计算平面饱和水汽压公式。给出了较为精确、简单的平冰面饱和水汽压计算式,并与Wexler等的计算结果进行了比较。 相似文献
187.
各种大气水汽输送气候计算方法的比较和讨论 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
比较瞬时法,平均法和逐层平均法3种水汽输送气候计算方案,发现它们的输送方向大致相同,输送量差异显著。瞬时法最准确;逐层平均法次之,但误差的年际波动较大,平均法虽然简单然而误差大。 相似文献
188.
讨论了DPP100-3型钻机在改型设计中动力匹配,改换汽车底盘的轴荷分配,改装部分的传动装置布置等,主要以选用CA141S型汽车底盘的改型设计为例进行说明。 相似文献
189.
Precipitable water measurements made coincident in time and space with direct broadband solar irradiance measurements are used in conjunction with an atmospheric transmission model to derive a parameter whose major dependence is on total aerosol extinction. Irradiance measurements are used to calculate an atmospheric transmission factor (ATF) that is independent of the instrument calibration and the extraterrestrial solar constant. The dependency of the ATF on precipitable water is determined using LOWTRAN5, an atmospheric transmission model with high spectral resolution. Precipitable water measurements are then used to adjust the measured ATF to correspond to an ATF value obtained for a constant precipitable water amount. The remaining variability in the adjusted ATF is due mostly to aerosol extinction. The technique is applied to a 6-year period (1978–1983) for clear-sky mornings at Mauna Loa, Hawaii (MLO). MLO ATF aerosol residuals are compared with independently measured monochromatic aerosol optical depth. Results show that the ATF aerosol residual is nearly equal to the 500 nm aerosol optical depth prior to the eruption of E1 Chichon, at which time a nonlinear time-dependent relationship between the two quantities is evident. ATF aerosol residuals reflect the spectrally integrated aerosol influence on transmission and, therefore, could indicate better than monochromatic optical depth the radiation balance perturbations due to aerosols. The 6-year precipitable water record for MLO, determined from a dual-channel sunphotometer, has a mean value of 0.3 cm. An annual cycle in precipitable water is evident, as is a 4-month 5-standard-deviation drought from December 1982 through March 1983. 相似文献
190.
A new experimental method is introduced for determining the relative magnitudes of liquid and vapor diffusion by using a small amount of soluble chemical as a tracer. The theoretical justification of the method is presented for the case where ice is absent. The feasibility of the method is demonstrated by an experiment using marine-deposited clay. 相似文献