珠海市1：2万城区图的设计思想和编制特点

珠海市1：2万城区因是适应近年来该市市区建设迅速发展编制的一幅崭新地图，其遵循的基本原则包括突出城市个性、保证资料现势性、强调地围实用性和注重地图艺术性四个方面．该图在地图内容的表现和图面设计等方面体现了以下特点：表现现代城市街区的功能类型，采用晕渲和明暗等高线显示立体地貌，综合表示花园式城市的绿地景观，图面配置和地图设色的合理化以及文字注记的实用化等．     

Electricity consumption patterns within cities: application of a data-driven settlement characterization method

ABSTRACT

Urban areas presently consume around 75% of global primary energy supply, which is expected to significantly increase in the future due to urban growth. Having sustainable, universal energy access is a pressing challenge for most parts of the globe. Understanding urban energy consumption patterns may help to address the challenges to urban sustainability and energy security. However, urban energy analyses are severely limited by the lack of urban energy data. Such datasets are virtually non-existent for the developing countries. As per current projections, most of the new urban growth is bound to occur in these data-starved regions. Hence, there is an urgent need of research methods for monitoring and quantifying urban energy utilization patterns. Here, we apply a data-driven approach to characterize urban settlements based on their formality, which is then used to assess intra-urban urban energy consumption in Johannesburg, South Africa; Sana’a, Yemen; and Ndola, Zambia. Electricity is the fastest growing energy fuel. By analyzing the relationship between the settlement types and the corresponding nighttime light emission, a proxy of electricity consumption, we assess the differential electricity consumption patterns. Our study presents a simple and scalable solution to fill the present data void to understand intra-city electricity consumption patterns.     

Analysis of the influence of Taihu Lake and the urban heat islands on the local circulation in the Yangtze Delta

The influences of human activities on regional climate and weather are tremendous. The re-gional temperature and the distributing of wind field are influenced, whereas the precipitation in-tensity and the spatial and temporal distribution of the precipita…     

基于遥感与GIS技术的城镇体系空间特征的分形分析--以绍兴市为例

在遥感技术与GIS技术的支持下,采用分形几何理论对绍兴市城镇体系空间结构特征和形态特征进行分析,探讨城镇体系的演化规律。研究表明,绍兴市城镇体系无论在空间结构上还是在空间形态上都具有分形特征。城镇分布密度由绍兴市区向周围逐渐衰减,且分布不均衡,具有向交通线集中的趋势,形成了优化的空间结构。但1984～1997年间,空间结构的演化趋向于围绕绍兴市在半径方向上均匀分布,分形特性减弱。此外,各城镇基本是以各自的中心逐渐向外扩展,空间关联性大致不变。空间形态则日趋复杂,稳定性越来越低,发展的随意性越来越大。绍兴市区这一特点更明显。     

图文办公自动化系统的开发策略与实现

从规划土地管理局业务审批工业的实际,分析了其对图文办公自动化系统的基本需求,提出了将图文办公自动化系统分三部分进行设计的思想,使系统开发简捷、方便,减轻了开发难度,提高了信息管理的安全性。     

Brussels: Five capitals in search of a place. The citizens, the planners and the functions

The paper describes the different capital city functions that are accomodated in Brussels. There are in fact five different capitals in Brussels in search of a place. Their locations are conditioned by Brussels' eventful history. The analysis subsequently focuses on the rather negative relation between the local public intellectuals and the city's European capital functions. The location of the European headquarters within the existing urban fabric – unlike Luxemburg and Strasbourg – has caused residential expulsion and further confrontations with the local community during all expansions.Brussels has the most politically decisive institutions. The competition with Luxemburg and Strasbourg has in the past given rise to dubious building processes and hidden agendas regarding the further construction of the necessary space for Europe.Unlike most other capitals Brussels has a low degree of esteem from its citizens. The After-May 68- Movement reacting initially against the CIAM-realisations during the 1970s, continues its activities up until today against two highly symbolic projects: the North Station area called the Manhattan Quarter and the European Headquarters. The movement launched the term Brusselization on the international forum and continues to promote the negative image of its city – notwithstanding the complete change of the official urban planning.The article is a plea for the integration of the actual one-sided advocacy planning within a more comprehensive urban planning approach where strong and soft functions are more in balance. This can also improve the quality of the new European campus now under consideration to accomodate the entry of the East European states in the Union.     

城市次降雨径流污染负荷计算方法

城镇地表径流污染是地表水体污染的主要原因,也是城镇河流的主要污染源之一,其识别和控制是目前城市水环境治理的重要内容。沙河是长江的二级支流,流经宜昌市某区,水体水质较差。以该区为研究对象,将其分为不同下垫面,通过监测次降雨不同时段各种下垫面地表径流中污染物浓度,建立地表径流污染物负荷估算方法,估算地表径流中污染物负荷量,为城市非点源污染削减和城市河流污染治理提供依据。     

北京市大兴区地下水资源开采潜力分析

本文根据不同含水岩组的水量、水质和水温特征,分析了大兴区地下水资源的开采潜力,提出了地下水开发利用建议,为大兴区城市规划、城市供水方案提供依据。     

九江市城市建设用地地质环境质量评价

通过对九江市地质环境的调查与客观实际情况分析,选取地质灾害、已有资源和河流侵蚀作用等作为敏感因子;选取地形坡度、斜坡高度、基岩埋深等作为重要因子;采用层次分析法确定评价因子权重,采用多目标决策的敏感因子-模糊聚类综合评判法对九江市城市建设用地地质环境质量评价。评价共划分出1277个单元,评价结果显示:建设用地环境质量优越的单元占总评价面积的65.86%,较好、简单改善后可建设的单元占15.35%,中等、一般需要一定工程措施的建设用地占1.57%,其它较差的和不适于建设用地的单元仅占17.22%。这个结果对九江市城市规划、建设、管理提供相应的地质环境信息,最大限度实现城市建设与地质资源环境的优化配置,达到城市建设安全、合理、经济的目的。从而也证明了多目标决策的敏感因子-模糊聚类综合评判法对解决城市建设用地质量评价不失为一种好的理论方法和手段。     

基于CART集成学习的城市不透水层百分比遥感估算

利用Landsat ETM^＋遥感数据，提出了一种基于CART集成学习的ISP遥感亚像元估算方法，将Boosting重采样技术引入CART分析中，用于提高ISP估算的精度。实验结果表明，该方法的ISP估算性能优于传统的单一CART学习算法，从ETM^＋影像中估算的ISP值与真实值之间的相关系数达到0．91，平均偏差为11．16％。