星载GPS载波相位测量的周跳探测方法研究

提出了一种基于粗差探测理论的星载GPS载波相位数据周跳的探测方法。并编制了相关软件对CHAMP星载GPS测量数据进行了验算。结果表明，当跟踪的有效GPS卫星多于5颗时。能够探测出所有的周跳。     

蒙特卡洛法与有限元结合搜索边坡临界滑动面

把蒙特卡洛随机搜索法与有限元法相结合,搜索边坡的临界滑动面及其对应的最小安全系数.通过随机跳跃法生成一定数量的初始试算滑动面,根据有限元分析的应力和孔隙水压力结果计算给定滑动面的安全系数,利用随机走步法不断更新试算滑动面,使试算滑动面安全系数不断减小,最终确定边坡临界滑动面及其对应的最小安全系数.本方法通过随机搜索,克服了大多数常规优化方法易陷入安全系数局部极小的问题.数值算例分析说明了本文提出的确定边坡临界滑动面的方法的有效性和优越性.     

An inverse method to determine the optimal stress from imperfect fault data

An inverse method is developed to determine the optimal stress inversion from imperfect fault data. It is specifically designed to process fault data at variable division—either with observed slip directions or with observed fault/slip senses or with both. The method has the flexibility of processing data with a few fault/slip senses incorrectly determined—a case we occasionally meet in the field. A vast number of artificial 10-datum examples are processed to illustrate the reliability of the method and to examine the effects of the data set at variable division on stress estimation. The results show that the precision of solution decreases with the increase in either of two factors, the percentage of the data limited to slip sense and the range of measurement error, both resulting in a broader dispersion of estimated stress vectors relative to the assigned stress vector in the sigma space. Thus, in order to keep the dispersion within a range of 5° requires the percentage of data for which only slip sense is known to be less than about 20%. This in turn allows for a measurement error range in the data of 10° in real space, much larger than real measurement errors. We believe that the proposed method would be of practical value for stress inversion of fault/slip data.     

On the Kinematic Characteristics and Dynamic Process of Boundary faults of the Nansha Ultra-crust Layer-Block

The Nansha ultra-crust layer-block is confined by ultra-crustal boundary faults of distinctive features, bordering the Kangtai-Shuangzi-Xiongnan extensional faulted zone on the north, the Baxian-Baram-Yoca-Cuyo nappe faulted zone on the south, the Wan'an-Natuna strike-slip tensional faulted zone on the west and the Mondoro-Panay strike-slip compressive faulted zone on the east. These faults take the top of the Nansha asthenosphere as their common detachmental surface. The Cenozoic dynamic process of the ultra-crust layer-block can be divided into four stages: K2-E21, during which the northern boundary faults extended, this ultra-crust layer-block was separated from the South China-Indosinian continental margin, the Palaeo-South China Sea subducted southwards and the Sibu accretion wedge was formed; E22-E31, during which the Southwest sub-sea basin extended and orogeny was active due to the collision of the Sibu accretion wedge; E32-N11, during which the central sub-sea basin extended, the Miri accretion     

基于黏弹滑移界面理论揭示套管中模式波的传播特征

目前固井质量评价主要是利用套管中模式波的幅度或衰减变化判断套管与水泥间的胶结状况.在超声测量频段（70~500 kHz）,现有声波测井仪器工作时在套管中激发的模式波类似薄板中的对称兰姆波（拉伸波）或反对称兰姆波（弯曲型兰姆波）.本文将黏弹滑移界面理论应用到套管和水泥的耦合界面,探讨了套管中的准兰姆波（包括拉伸波和弯曲型兰姆波）与套管后物质的耦合方式,拉伸波与套后物质主要以剪切刚度耦合,即便是0.01 mm的微环也会使得拉伸波的衰减明显降低,接近套后是流体时的响应特征;而弯曲型兰姆波与套管后物质主要以法向刚度耦合,这使得在套后胶结轻质水泥时弯曲型兰姆波对微环不敏感,在套后耦合常规水泥时微环的存在又会使得弯曲型兰姆波的衰减明显增强,衰减的增加说明其与套后物质的声耦合更紧密,也表明微环与常规水泥的等效声阻抗适当降低,更有利于弯曲型兰姆波传播时与套后介质实现法向刚度的匹配.拉伸波和弯曲型兰姆波对同一胶结状况的不同响应特征也为固井质量综合评价时区分不同的水泥胶结状况提供了可能.