差分层析SAR技术研究现状分析

差分层析SAR是在层析SAR基础上发展起来的一种四维信息反演技术。它不仅实现了对雷达目标的三维分辨能力,同时可以获取目标的形变速率信息,可实现对目标方位-距离-高度-时间四维成像,这对实现城市基础设施动态形变监测、古建筑风险评估、重要工程安全监测等应用具有重要实际意义和价值。本文基于差分层析SAR成像原理,分析了成像处理过程中存在的问题,总结了差分层析SAR成像算法研究现状和特点;最后列举了差分层析SAR技术的主要应用领域,并对其技术发展趋势进行了展望。     

超声回弹综合法检测单一构件混凝土强度推定值的保证率分析

在实际工程检测数据的基础上,利用M on te C arlo试验对单一构件混凝土强度推定值的保证率问题进行了分析。30片梁板实测数据分析结果表明:将构件各测区混凝土强度换算值的最小值作为该构件的混凝土强度推定值的保证率范围为79.0%~94.2%,小于《超声回弹综合法检测混凝土强度技术规程》(CECS 02:88)规定的95%保证率要求,因此,对结构性能鉴定而言该混凝土强度推定值是偏于不安全的,应引起试验检测人员的充分重视。     

云南地区地壳介质各向异性——快剪切波偏振特性

通过对云南遥测地震台网2000年1月1日——2003年12月31日4年资料的分析, 使用剪切波分裂SAM综合分析方法,获得了云南地区10个数字地震台站的快剪切波偏振结果. 结果表明, 云南地区大部分台站的快剪切波偏振优势方向主要为近N——S或NNW方向; 位于活动断裂上的台站的快剪切波偏振优势方向与活动断裂的走向一致;与GPS主压应变方向一致,与区域主压应力方向基本一致;少数台站的快剪切波偏振较为复杂,或与活动断裂的走向及GPS主压应变方向不一致. 这样的台站总是位于几个断裂的交会处,反映了复杂的断裂背景和复杂的应力分布特征. 快剪切波偏振优势方向代表了原地最大主压应力方向,受到区域应力场和断裂分布等多种因素的控制.      

建立回弹现场测强曲线的位置参数法

工程上迫切需要在现场数据较少的情况下,建立高精度和高可靠度的现场测强曲线(经验公式)。本文利用位置参数法,提出了一种回弹法现场测强曲线(经验公式)。此曲线(经验公式)仍运用原有的幂函数形式并保持回归参数不变,通过增加位置参数反映现场试验的个性信息。此曲线(经验公式)融合了所在地区混凝土强度值、回弹值、碳化深度值之间的共性趋势和现场检测得到的反映现场情况的个性信息,而且解决了地区测强曲线(经验公式)不能完全描述现场的实际情况,而现场检测数据一般不能满足制定现场专用测强曲线(经验公式)要求的问题。在建筑结构无损检测中,利用本文提出的测强曲线(经验公式)可以极大地提高检测精度和检测结果的可靠性,使检测结果更加符合施工现场的实际情况。     

开放式低场磁共振诊断直肠癌新方法征像分析

目的:探讨开放式低场磁共振诊断直肠癌的扫描方法并对所见征像进行分析.资料与方法:搜集我院病理证实的直肠癌患者16例.16例患者能够配合整个扫描过程,无严重心、肝、肺、肾疾病.扫描前1天患者做肠道准备,扫描前15分钟注射解痉剂,经肛门插管注入生理盐水1000ml左右,然后注入气体1000ml左右,尽量使肠管扩张,患者如有不适,应立即停止灌肠.检查前对患者进行呼吸训练,使患者平静呼吸,呼吸幅度尽量减小.分别采用仰卧位与俯卧位进行检查.结果直肠癌肿MRI主要表现为直肠局限性或弥漫性肠壁增厚和肿块形成.T1癌肿表现为中等偏低信号,边界清楚.T2癌肿呈较高信号.Gd-DTPA增强技术,癌肿显示不规则强化.对周围脏器如子宫、膀胱、前列腺和盆腔壁等显示良好.结论:开放式低场磁共振扫描仪在诊断直肠癌过程中,操作相对简单,患者痛苦小,容易配合,病变显示清晰.     

脚靴式海上升压站灌浆连接段强度分析研究

与国内已建成的海上升压站相比,脚靴式海上升压站导管架对桩和套筒间的灌浆连接强度要求更高,完全套用单桩风电结构的分析方法会使结构设计不准确。由于桩和套筒之间设置有剪力键,当特殊情况时还需增加灌浆连接增强钢筋,在地震及撞船作用下容易导致灌浆接触界面分离等破坏,当前尚未有针对此类情况系统的灌浆连接强度校核方法。以某脚靴式海上升压站为例,分析其在在位、撞船、地震、疲劳等多个主控工况下灌浆连接、剪力键及增强钢筋的强度及稳定性,结果表明该海上升压站灌浆连接段满足设计要求,并研究了各参数对灌浆连接段强度的敏感程度,为今后脚靴式海上升压站各主控工况下的灌浆连接段强度分析、优化设计提供参考与借鉴。     

Effect of nano-MgO on mechanical performance of cement stabilized silty clay

Abstract

A series of direct shear tests were performed on cement-admixed silty clay to investigate the effect of cement content and nano-magnesia (MgO) on its shear strength properties. For each normal stress, shear strength increased with cement content. However, an obvious increment in shear strength was achieved when the cement content was adjusted from 13% to 17%. Both cohesion and friction angle of cemented soil increased with cement content, and exponential function was adopted to correlate both the factors with cement content. For cement content of 10% investigated in this study, the optimum nano-MgO content was 10‰, wherein the cohesion could reach the peak value. The microstructure of the mixture revealed that the structure of the mixture was compacted for the optimum nano-MgO content. However, micro-cracks were formed when the amount of nano-MgO exceeded its optimum content.     

Flexural performances of prestressed high strength concrete piles reinforced with hybrid GFRP and steel bars

Abstract

This study developed prestressed high-strength concrete (PHC) piles reinforced with high-strength materials (glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars) for flexural performance enhancement. Flexural strengths and behaviors of PHC piles reinforced with hybrid GFRP and steel bars were experimentally investigated, respectively. Large-scale specimens with total lengths of 12,000?mm and diameters of 600?mm were constructed and tested under bending, accompanied by evaluation of effects of non-prestressed reinforcement type and longitudinal reinforcement ratio. J-factors were calculated to evaluate deformability of all the specimens. PHC piles reinforced with GFRP bars were demonstrated to have much higher flexural capacity than those reinforced with steel bars. Moreover, strains at the midspans of cross sections of all the specimens basically conformed to the assumption of plane section. Failure of PHC piles reinforced with GFRP bars was attributable to gradual concrete crushing, while that of PHC piles reinforced with steel bars resulted from steel yielding. Results of this study were expected to provide theoretical basis for wide engineering applications of PHC piles reinforced with hybrid GFRP bars and steel bars in marine structures.     

Dynamic characteristics of marine soft clay under variable phase difference and initial static shear stress

Abstract

Under seismic loading, the soil layer is subjected to multidirectional cyclic shear stress with different amplitudes and frequencies because of the coupling of multiple shear waves and the soil element within a slope or behind a retaining wall is subjected to initial static shear stress before subjected to cyclic loading. Due to the complexity of seismic loading propagation, a phase difference exists between the initial static shear stress and cyclic shear stress. To investigate the influence of the phase difference and initial static shear stress on cyclic shear strain, cyclic modulus, and cyclic strength, a series of laboratory tests are performed on Wenzhou marine soft clay by multi-directional simple shear system, which can simulate the actual state better by controlling the horizontal cyclic stress in the x and y directions simultaneously. As the phase difference varies from 0° to 90°, the dynamic shear modulus increases and cyclic strain accumulation decreases with an increasing number of cycles. The shear strain increases with the initial shear stress.     

基于吸力量测确定膨胀土活动带和裂隙深度

采用M itchell公式和裂隙扩展深度方程两种吸力法确定安康地区膨胀土大气影响深度和裂隙开展深度。其一通过对安康地区两处天然边坡开挖观测井,利用张力计进行不同深度处吸力值的现场量测,根据M itchell提出公式计算大气影响深度;其二根据非饱和土抗拉强度公式,建立膨胀土裂隙扩展深度方程,利用基质吸力量测结果求其理论解。结果表明,安康地区膨胀土吸力变化曲线随深度增加变幅减小,呈波浪式推移。M itchell公式确定安康地区膨胀土的大气影响深度为3.35m以内,裂隙深度方程确定裂隙开展深度为3.063.14m。利用M itchell公式计算大气影响深度与膨胀土断裂理论公式确定的裂隙开展深度结果接近。