Affordance-based categorization of road network data using a grounded theory of channel networks

We propose a grounded ontological theory of channel networks to categorize features, such as junctions, in road network databases. The theory is grounded, because its primitives can be given an unambiguous interpretation into directly observable qualities of physical road networks, such as supported movements and their medium, connectedness of such media, and turnoff restrictions. The theory provides a very general approach to automatically annotate and integrate road network data from heterogeneous sources, because it rests on application-independent observation principles. We suggest that road network categories such as junctions and roads are based on locomotion affordances. Road network databases can be mapped into our channel network theory, so that instances of roads and junctions can be automatically categorized or checked for consistency by what they afford. In this paper, we introduce affordance-based definitions of a road network and a junction, and show that the definition of latter is satisfied by some of the most common junction types.     

草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)出血病二价细胞灭活疫苗体液免疫效果及免疫保护率评价研究

草鱼出血病是由草鱼呼肠孤病毒(GCRV)引起的草鱼养殖业一种严重的病毒性出血病,给草鱼养殖产业造成重大损失。该病毒是一种双链分节段RNA病毒,根据GCRV多个病毒分离株基因序列分析及临床发病特点,共有三种基因型GCRV,其中基因Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型较为流行。通过细胞分离培养基因Ⅰ型(GCRV-ZV8909)和Ⅱ型(GCRV-HZ13) GCRV,研制出草鱼出血病二价细胞灭活疫苗,通过绝对定量的方法,测定基因Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型的病毒含量分别为2.0×10⁹及1.5×10⁶ copies/mL。用生理盐水将其分别进行50倍稀释和100倍稀释,包括原液及生理盐水对照共4组,分别腹腔注射免疫(20±5)g健康草鱼,剂量均为0.2mL/尾,每组40尾,各组于免疫后3、5、7、14、21、28、42、56、70、84 d分别取3尾采集血液制备血清。分别利用经原核表达并纯化制备两种基因型GCRV的VP7蛋白以及实验室保存的草鱼IgM单抗,建立了三抗体夹心酶联免疫方法(TAS-ELISA)分析评价疫苗体液免疫效果。结果表明,草鱼经腹腔注射不同剂量的细胞灭活疫苗后,与对照组相比,各免疫组血清抗体均有不同程度的提高,且原液组与50倍稀释组基本持平,但都高于100倍稀释组,各免疫组在免疫后5d即可检测到两种基因型GCRV抗体,且抗体水平持续到84d,但两种基因型抗体水平达到高峰的时间不一致,抗基因Ⅰ型GCRV抗体达到高峰是在28d,抗基因Ⅱ型GCRV抗体是在14d达到高峰。两种基因型抗体水平达到高峰时的血清效价分别为1︰800、1︰600。免疫保护率实验结果表明,原液组保护率最高,为67%,50倍稀释组为60%,100倍稀释组只有33%。     

Astrometric Solution of the Multiple System Xy Leo

An astrometric solution, together with time of minimum analysis, has been made for the multiple system XY Leonis (HIP 49136) to identify the properties of the remote companion to the eclipsing pair (AB). From this solution, we derive the inclination of the wide orbit (AB-cd) as 94.4^∘± 0.2^∘, angle of nodes as 247.3^∘± 0.2^∘, and the mass of the wide component (the dwarf binary cd) as 0.98 ± 0.2 M_⊙. This study confirms that the light travel time effect can explain the sinusoidal O−C variation of the eclipsing system.     

Triple and Multiple Systems

The triple systems display several interesting effects; and are also important for understanding the origin and evolution of binaries. Namely mutual inclination of two orbits, changes of observed inclination, and problems with the third light will be discussed in this contribution.     

Resolving the Routine Presence of Kyanite,Andalusite and Sillimanite across a Region using Foliation Intersection/Inflection Axes Preserved in Porphyroblasts,Petrographic Observations and Thermobarometry

Constraints from P-T pseudosections (MnNCKFMASH system), foliation intersection/inflection axes preserved in porphyroblasts (FIAs), mineral assemblages and textural relationships for rocks containing all three Al2SiO5 polymorphs indicate a kyanite→ andalusite→ sillimanite sequential formation at different times rather than stable coexistence at the Al2SiO5 triple point. All three Al2SiO5 polymorphs grew in the Chl, Bt, Ms, Grt, St, Pl and Crd bearing Ordovician Clayhole Schist in Balcooma, northeastern Australia separately along a looped P-T-t-D path that swaps from clockwise to anticlockwise in the tectono-metamorphic history of the region. Kyanite grew during crustal thickening in an Early Silurian Orogenic event followed by decompression/heating, andalusite and fibrolitic sillimanite growth during Early Devonian exhumation.     

湖北郧县王家庄绿色纤维状石英-云母脉特征及成因--对板块构造几个问题的思考

湖北郧县王家庄有两期脉体 ,早期为纤维状石英脉 ,总体呈北北东向分布 ,平行脉壁有一中间面使其对称分布 ,显示张性裂隙持续发育过程 ;与之垂直的横向压性裂隙将它“错开”。形貌上酷似板块构造的大洋中脊和转换断层。晚期云母脉叠置在上述两组裂隙之上 ,并使原来裂隙性质发生变化。这些特征与区域应力场分布 ,特别是与两郧断裂的演化息息相关。根据分形理论 ,将王家庄石英云母脉与板块构造进行对比 ,一方面从微观的角度证实了板块构造一些基本观点的合理性。同时从微观信息得到深入研究板块构造的一些新启示 :对板块形成机制不要局限于软流圈对流 ,而应从更深层次研究地幔物质运动规律 ;要将大陆和大洋作为一个整体研究全球应力场分布规律与构造演化历史 ,其中转换断层是联系大陆和大洋的纽带 ;加强RRR型三联点研究 ,它是研究深部 (地幔 )物质运动和上部 (地壳、岩石圈 )构造应力场相互关系的重要窗口     

浅层折射法在陕北侏罗纪煤田松散层调查中的应用及效果

陕北侏罗纪煤田榆神府处于鄂尔多斯地台东部,毛乌素沙漠东南缘。由于煤层埋藏浅．积沙厚,沙层含水量大,易于发生突水溃沙事故,给矿井安全生产带来较大威胁。陕西省煤田地质局物探测量队在石圪台矿井、活鸡兔矿井、大柳塔矿等矿区先后进行了以地震折射为主的勘探工作,不仅获得了各勘探区内基岩面、潜水面等松散层的地质信息,还掌握了其古河床、古冲沟的分布情况。在石圪台矿井勘探中,根据浅部1^-2煤层反射波对折射记录续至波的干涉情况,定性圈定区内1^-2的赋存范围。经钻孔验证,连续观测浅层折射法确定的潜水面深度、基岩面深度、风化层厚度等对综采有较大影响的主要界面绝对误差均小于10m,相对误差在3％左右。     

寒潮影响下江苏沿海风浪场数值模拟研究

基于第三代浅水波浪数值预报模型SWAN,建立自西北太平洋嵌套至东中国海、江苏沿海的三重嵌套模型,对2010年12月12日至15日江苏沿海寒潮大风引起的风浪过程进行了数值模拟研究。利用西北太平洋和江苏沿海实测数据对模型进行了验证,结果表明SWAN嵌套模型能较好地模拟江苏沿海寒潮风浪场的时空分布。通过响水站实测数据对江苏沿海底摩擦系数进行了率定,研究表明选取Collins拖曳理论中摩擦因数C_f=0.001时,有效波高模拟误差相对较小。寒潮风浪场的特征分析表明,有效波高分布与风场分布基本一致,寒潮风浪在江苏沿海北部影响较为显著,辐射沙洲附近由于其特殊地形影响相对较小。     

绳索取心金刚石钻头的改进

铁南勘探区部分岩石可钻性为8级，研磨性中等，煤层以粉煤为主，胶结性差。针对该区煤心采取率低的情况，对绳索取心金刚石钻头进了了改进：一改钻头形状为三环尖齿底唇形状；二是根据不同地层及岩性选用不同胎体硬度金刚石钻头、不同的金刚石粒度与浓度；三是在底喷钻头水口处加设隔水墙，并改变倒角方向。