Sustainable for whom? Green urban development,environmental gentrification,and the Atlanta Beltline

Large-scale, sustainable urban development projects can transform surrounding neighborhoods. Without precautionary policies, environmental amenities produced by these projects, such as parks, trails, walkability, and higher-density development, tend to result in higher land and housing costs. This will make it harder for a low- and moderate-income households to live near the projects, and neighborhoods are likely to become increasingly affluent. The Atlanta Beltline will ultimately connect 45 Atlanta neighborhoods via a 22-mile loop of trails, parks, and eventually a streetcar, all of which follow abandoned railroad tracks. This paper examines the effect of the Beltline on housing values within one half mile. From 2011 to 2015, depending on the segment of the Beltline, values rose between 17.9 percent and 26.6 percent more for homes within a half-mile of the Beltline than elsewhere. The implications for housing affordability and neighborhood change of projects like the Beltline, and associated policy questions, are addressed.     

I cannot afford to live alone in this city and I enjoy the company of others: why people are share housing in Sydney

ABSTRACT

Share housing is changing. Once considered a form of short-term housing and a lifestyle choice for young adults fresh out of the family home, share housing is increasingly playing a broader role into advanced adulthood. Recent work has claimed the emergence of Generation Rent; however, the reconfiguration of housing experiences is illustrated not only by renting but also by an increase in house sharing and the emergence of ‘Generation Share’ within the renting cohort. We know surprisingly little about share housing and its increasingly important role in housing. This paper draws upon exploratory research conducted on share housing in Sydney, Australia, and argues that share housing as traditionally understood is changing. Share housing has a widening demographic and it is driven primarily by economic factors. Despite this, the social affordances offered by share housing are highly valued. Share housing therefore offers us a unique lens into changing housing pathways and values and provokes us to think of ways to produce more socially, economically, and environmentally sustainable housing.     

湖北省农房调查信息化软件系统研究与开发

根据湖北省农村房屋所有权确权登记发证项目现状,详细分析了湖北省农村房屋调查登记发证图件成果的类型和要求;介绍了湖北省农村房屋调查登记发证地籍绘图系统的设计与开发过程。通过湖北省各县市1a多的使用发现,该系统操作简便,运行稳定,完全满足当前湖北省农村房屋所有权确权登记发证项目的要求。     

北京市住房价格和租金的空间分异与相互关系

当前中国住房销售市场、住房租赁市场发展不平衡,研究住房价格、租金的空间分异与相互关系,对建立“租售并举”的住房制度具有重要参考价值。利用2016年北京市各住宅小区的住房价格、租金数据,及2006—2016年北京市逐月住房销售价格指数、住房租赁价格指数,从时空尺度剖析了住房价格、租金的空间分异与相互关系,并剖析了背后的差异机制。结果表明：① 北京市住房价格和租金的空间格局均呈多中心圈层递减结构,且南北差异明显,但租金的空间分异程度弱于住房价格。② 住房价格具有中等程度的空间相关性,受政策等随机性因素影响相对较大,而租金具有强烈的空间相关性,受区位交通等确定性因素影响相对较大。③ 住房价格和租金的价格剖面线并不相同,住房价格易受学区、大型公园等的影响,而租金更易受就业所在地、建筑年龄等的影响。售租比呈混乱斑驳、相对均质的扁平化分布特征,且小区越高档,售租比越高。④ 北京市住房销售市场和住房租赁市场基本相对独立发展,更符合双重市场的特征。产生上述差异的主要原因在于住房销售市场和住房租赁市场的市场特征、服务人群以及市场发育程度不同。     

城市更新对房地产市场的时空影响效应:基于杭州市的实证研究

以杭州市为例,采用双重差分法研究城市更新对房地产市场的时空影响效应。研究结果发现： 城市更新在不同阶段对周边住宅价格产生的影响效应不同,项目建设和运营期分别对周边房价产生28.6%和32.0%的推升作用; 城市更新对周边住房价格的影响在空间上存在显著差异,对城市边缘区的提升作用比核心区高23.0%; 城市更新对周边房价影响随着距离增加显著降低,距离城市更新项目中心2.0 km以内、2.0~3.5 km范围对房价的推升作用分别为41.9%、24.9%和9.1%。最后建议政府完善房地产市场微观调控,建立完善长效机制。     

消费端视角的中国大城市新建绅士化现象——以北京宣武门ZS小区为例

绅士化是一个基于社会阶层向上变化与演替的社会空间重构过程,以城市拆除建新为主要形式的新建绅士化是中国各大城市最主要的绅士化模式。当前对新建绅士化的研究大多从政府主导的生产端进行解析,而基于居民行为动机的消费端解析则相对较少。因此,论文以北京市宣武门新建绅士化为例,从消费端出发,分析居民的住房选择和社会空间效应,以期更好地理解中国绅士化及城市更新的多元动力和影响机制。研究发现,新建绅士化在中西方存在较大差异,这主要源于中国城市的发展背景、特殊的土地制度以及特定的社会文化环境。在绅士化群体特征方面,中国新建绅士化在社会经济特征上虽然与西方基本趋同,但在年龄和家庭结构上呈现多样化和复杂化;在住房选择上,中国绅士化群体的住房选择比较务实,都集中在追求生活便利、子女教育、改善居住环境等,这与西方追求文化要素的结果有很大不同。在社会空间效应方面,低收入阶层的原住居民在绅士化过程中被置换与动迁,虽然住房条件得到一定改善,但动迁使原住居民在日常生活和情感等方面都遭受了负面影响。文章最后呼吁,深入探讨和研究中国绅士化“本土”理论框架的建立是今后应该重点关注的主要课题。     

两栖生计下中国流动人口城镇购房意愿的空间特征和影响因素

流动人口的城镇购房意愿和空间偏好直接关系到流动人口市民化的路径选择与城镇化的高质量发展.基于2016年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据和统计数据,对比研究了流动人口流入地和流出地城镇购房意愿的空间特征和影响因素.研究发现:①流动人口城镇购房意愿具有层次性和两栖性特征,还有小部分流动人口拥有多地城镇购房意愿.②流入地和流出地...     

HOUSEHOLD CHANGE,ACCESSORY APARTMENTS,AND LOW INCOME HOUSING IN SUBURBS*

This paper describes the characteristics of accessory apartments (rented housing units within owner-occupied single family homes) and the circumstances which give rise to them. Survey data from a New York suburb indicate that these apartments provide inexpensive housing for entry level workers, many of whom are related to the home owners. Analyses suggest that “empty nest’ households who anticipate a decline in income and live in a house whose structure facilitates a conversion are likely to create accessory apartments in their homes. Some implications of these findings for residential succession in suburban areas are explored.     

The landslide hazard and human vulnerability in La Paz City, Bolivia

Landslides in the city of La Paz, Bolivia are complex in space and time. Their distribution within the city is differentiated by geographical variations in slope gradient, the nature of overlying surface deposits, and drainage density patterns. When mapped, the distribution of the most landslide-prone locations in the city coincides with the most mobile surface deposits on the higher and steeper slopes of the city. The timing of landslides is triggered when slope materials become saturated with moisture by rainfall, stream water, water seepage from high surrounding water tables, and from domestic sources. Landslide frequencies over the last 40 years show the role of inter-annual variations in summer rainfalls, especially the late summer period (Jan–Mar), and rising water tables connected to Lake Titicaca. Associations with ENSO events, both warm (El Nino) and cold (La Nina), prove negative, pointing to the importance of moisture sources from the north, south and east (Amazon) but not from the west (Pacific). The most vulnerable group exposed to the landslide hazard comprise the inhabitants of the self-built informal housing areas who occupy the more elevated steeper slopes of the northern part of the city. But societal vulnerability to earth movement in the city is widespread and interconnected. Higher income groups in the southern part of the city are affected by slower, if less dramatic, forms of land failure, and rich housing in downstream areas of the city are impacted by flash flooding encouraged by deforestation on the northern hill slopes where the poor live. Two case studies highlight the vulnerability and plight of the inhabitants of the self-built settlements in the aftermath of a major landslide, and a brief discussion of hazard mitigation and the importance of building hazard resilient communities concludes the paper.     

Social Cohesion; Is it sufficient? Migrant communities in two disadvantaged neighborhoods in Istanbul

Planners assume that old neighbourhoods have an atmosphere in which social relations can easily flourish. They also regard the strong social ties within a neighborhood as the guarantee for the success of housing rehabilitation. This article argues that existence of social cohesion in a neighbourhood is not necessarily an advantage in a process of modernisation and rehabilitation. In some cases the community may constitute a closed `island' especially in places where communities have historically inherited an hierarchical character. The article is based on a recent research project dealing with urban communities in inner city areas of Istanbul, especially those containing migrant populations which seemingly have strong community ties. The historical background of the community from the Ottoman period is examined in the first part of the article. The roots of the community as a territorial administrative unit (mahalle) and its modification in contemporary migrant communities are analysed. The second part of the article presents the results of two case studies. One of the case studies is a social housing district where the migrant community is mixed and social relations with the rest of the city are relatively well developed. The other case study area is an historical district where strong social ties create an introverted character of the community in spite of its central location. The result of the study reveals that urban `communities' in a city like Istanbul have both negative and positive aspects. Primarily it is important to assess and understand the degree of `opennes' of the community to the outer world. In any action to be taken planners should look not only inside the community, but also at its 'outer' relations.