雨雪天气对内蒙古交通影响服务评估

文章对2012年3月21-23日的一次降水、降温和大风过程,从500hPa高度场形势图和700hPa高度场图、700hPa流场图和850hPa温度场图对天气形势进行了分析,得出预报结论:受冷暖空气共同影响,我区大部地区将出现雨夹雪天气,其中鄂尔多斯市东部、包头市南部、呼和浩特市、乌兰察布市南部、锡林郭勒盟西南部有小到中雨夹雪或雪,个别地区偏大,呼伦贝尔市、兴安盟有小雪,锡林郭勒盟以东地区4、5级偏西风转5、6级西北风,气温下降6℃左右,锡林郭勒盟以西地区4级西南风转4、5级西北风,气温下降4～6℃.对我区境内所有高速公路、铁路沿线以及在建高速公路产生的影响及服务效益进行了评估;对如何提高气象服务提出了一些良好建议.     

区域综合交通可达性评价——以安徽省为例

从安徽省省域、县域、省域内地区间的开放性、两种费用成本以及考虑区域社会经济因素的吸引机会六种角度评价安徽省城镇可达性,揭示了安徽省城镇不同指标下的可达性空间分异规律,并建立了一个综合可达性指数模型,进一步得到安徽省城镇的综合可达性空间格局。研究表明:安徽省城镇全域时间可达性格局大体是以合肥为中心向外沿伸展但并没有构成规则的同心圈层结构;局域时间可达性格局南北差异明显,南部和西南部可达性较差,北部较好;邻域分析中把城镇分为严重萎缩型、急剧扩张型、基本稳定型和上下浮动型四种;最短路径的费用成本空间分布上呈现内核为东北向月亮湾形的圈层;最小费用成本分析得到城镇可达性空间上有明显的铁路交通指向性;吸引机会指数则表明吸引机会高的城镇在空间上呈现人民币符号"￥"形;综合可达性指数略显城镇间南北对称,但在皖南山区不遵循此规律。最后,针对路网布局的一些弊端提出了相应的建议。     

应急救灾公路运输中的车辆分配问题

对净空条件下,通过公路大规模运输应急救灾物资和人员时,如何分配沿不同道路行驶的车辆,才能在最短时间内将救灾物资和人员运到目的地进行了深入研究。在汽车刹车距离模型的基础上得出了最大公路交通流、最大流行驶速度,重点建立了最短通行时间的数学模型并给出了一个有效算法,有效地解决了应急救灾以及军事机动中大规模运输车辆的最优分配问题。该成果可以应用于地理信息系统中的路网分析。     

西部开发与青海综合交通体系构建研究

通过对青海交通建设与周边经济的联系和青海经济发展的关系分析 ,提出了青海综合交通体系的构建     

城市公交地理信息系统中的线路规划模型

介绍了浦东新区公交职能部门在公交线路管理和规划中所使用的城市公交GIS中的业务分析模型，最后以浦东新区一个小区为例，进行了线路规划和调整。     

Hybrid platform for vibration control of high‐tech equipment in buildings subject to ground motion. Part 2: analysis

The experimental results of using a hybrid platform to mitigate vibration of a batch of high‐tech equipment installed in a building subject to nearby traffic‐induced ground motion have been presented and discussed in the companion paper. Based on the identified dynamic properties of both the building and the platform, this paper first establishes an analytical model for hybrid control of the building‐platform system subject to ground motion in terms of the absolute co‐ordinate to facilitate the absolute velocity feedback control strategy used in the experiment. The traffic‐induced ground motion used in the experiment is then employed as input to the analytical model to compute the dynamic response of the building‐platform system. The computed results are compared with the measured results, and the comparison is found to be satisfactory. Based on the verified analytical model, coupling effects between the building and platform are then investigated. A parametric study is finally conducted to further assess the performance of both passive and hybrid platforms at microvibration level. The analytical study shows that the dynamic interaction between the building and platform should be taken into consideration. The hybrid control is effective in reducing both velocity response and drift of the platform/high‐tech equipment at microvibration level with reasonable control force. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Paleosubsidence and active subsidence due to evaporite dissolution in the Zaragoza area (Huerva River valley, NE Spain): processes, spatial distribution and protection measures for transport routes

The lowest 17-km long reach of the Huerva River valley, down to its confluence with the Ebro River in Zaragoza city, flows across salt-bearing evaporites of the Ebro Tertiary Basin (NE Spain). Upstream, the horizontally lying Miocene evaporites are interfingered with non-soluble distal alluvial fan facies (shales and sandstones). The proportion of soluble facies in the Huerva River valley increases in a downstream direction towards the basin depocenter. On the basis of the type and magnitude of the paleosubsidence features, the valley has been divided into four reaches. Along reach I, undeformed terrace deposits less than 4 m thick rest on insoluble detrital bedrock. In reaches II and III, dissolution at the alluvium–bedrock boundary has generated local thickening, deformation and paleocollapse structures, which only affect the alluvial mantle. In reach IV, terrace deposits thicken to over 60 m resulting from a large-scale synsedimentary subsidence. In this sector, subsidence locally affects to both the alluvium and the underlying bedrock. This indicates that dissolution acts at the rockhead beneath the alluvial cover (alluvial karst) and within the evaporitic substratum (interstratal karst). The development of an intraevaporitic karst in reach IV is attributed to gypsum and salt dissolution. Irregular terrace gravel bodies (gravel pockets) embedded in a fine-grained matrix associated with paleocollapse structures have been interpreted as liquefaction–fluidization structures resulting from ground acceleration and suction induced by catastrophic collapses. Subsidence is currently active in the region affecting areas with a thin alluvial cover in reaches III and IV. The low subsidence activity in most of Zaragoza city is explained by the presence of thickened (around 50 m) and indurated alluvial deposits. In the surrounding area, numerous buildings in Cadrete and Santa Fe villages have been severely damaged by subsidence. Natural and human-induced subsidence favours the development of slope movements in the gypsum scarp overlooking Cadrete village. Several transport routes including the Imperial Canal (irrigation canal) and the recently completed Madrid–Barcelona high-speed railway are affected by human-induced sinkholes. The paleocollapse structures exposed in the trenches of this railway and a ring road under construction point to hazardous locations underlain by cavities and collapse structures where special protection measures should be applied. Rigid structures are recommended beneath the high-speed railway with sufficient strength to span the larger sinkholes with no deformation. Electronic monitoring devices linked to a warning system can detect subtle subsidence-induced deformations in carriageways or railways. This research demonstrates that the study of the paleokarst helps to understand the processes involved in the present-day subsidence phenomena and their general spatial distribution.     

美国波士华交通经济带的形成与演化

本文研究了美国波士华交通经济带的形成与演化过程，分析了在不同阶段美国波士华交通经济带的生命周期特征，认为美国商业资本主义、产业资本主义的发展、高速公路的发展以及带来的集聚与扩散作用、经济服务化分别在美国波士华交通经济带的形成、发展和演化等不同阶段扮演着重要角色。波士华交通经济带是美国最大、发展最早的交通经济带，研究该地区的演化规律对我国交通经济带发展也具有借鉴作用。     

基于GIS技术的公路综合选线方法

首次提出了基于ＧＩＳ技术的公路综合选线方法。应用ＧＩＳ技术的空间分析功能,提取公路选线的影响信息;在此基础上,将公路选线问题层次化,并利用层次分析的方法,实现公路选线多因素的综合分析,达到公路综合选线的目的。     

基于公交网络模型的最优出行路径选择的研究

在讨论公交网络特性的基础上 ,基于结点 弧段 有向线描述了公交网络的数据组织 ,研究综合换乘次数及距离因素的出行路径选择模型 ,并提供算法的实现