TM影像几何校正算法的精度比较

同大多数的线阵推扫式影像相比,TM影像作为双向扫描型的影像其几何校正方法有其特殊性和复杂性。针对这个问题,本文简要介绍了一般多项式、空间斜墨卡托投影、有理函数模型等几种几何近似校正算法,并利用广州地区的TM影像进行了各种试验分析和精度比较。结果表明:同其他方法相比,空间斜墨卡托投影是一种较好的算法,校正精度最高,能够达到一个像素左右,而且该方法不受地形起伏的影响,无需地面高程信息。     

空间数据重复记录的清理方法研究

在空间数据的更新过程中,需要利用多种数据源对现有数据进行更新,这样可能会导致在获得的空间数据中出现重复记录。利用计算机自动对这些重复记录进行检查处理,将会极大地降低数据生产者的工作量。本文根据在数字制图系统研制过程中所遇到的此类问题,提出了对重复空间数据进行检查与处理的方法,并在所研制的数字制图系统中得到了应用。     

城镇土地潜力调查评价技术研究与实现

本研究在西安市城镇地籍调查成果和变更调查成果的基础上,利用地籍信息数据库、地价数据库,采用GPS技术、GIS技术和数据库技术,进行了土地利用潜力评价技术研究。该技术结合了近年来西安市土地信息化管理的科技成果,不仅实现了土地利用潜力评价功能,而且建立了评价指标体系和评价模型,利用潜力评价信息系统结合地籍数据库资料,算了西安市土地利用的潜力,为西安市城市土地挖潜指出了方向和目标。     

Using Topological Relationships to Inform a Data Integration Process

When spatial datasets are overlaid, corresponding features do not always coincide. This may be a result of the datasets having differing quality characteristics, being captured at different scales or perhaps being in different projections or datums. Data integration methods have been developed to bring such datasets into alignment. Although these methods attempt to maintain topological relationships within each dataset, spatial relationships between features in different datasets are generally not considered. The preservation of inter‐dataset topology is a research area of considerable current interest. This research addresses the preservation of topology within a data integration process. It describes the functional models established to represent a number of spatial relationships as observation equations. These are used to provide additional information concerning the relative positions of features. Since many topological relationships are best modelled as inequalities, an algorithm is developed to accommodate such relationships. The method, based on least squares with inequalities (LSI), is tested on simulated and real datasets. Results are presented to illustrate the optimal positioning solutions determined using all of the available information. In addition, updated quality parameters are provided at the level of the individual coordinate, enabling communication of local variation in the resultant quality of the integrated datasets.     

The Creation of a National Agricultural Land Use Dataset: Combining Pycnophylactic Interpolation with Dasymetric Mapping Techniques

Agricultural Census data is summarised over spatially coarse reporting units for reasons of farm confidentiality. This is problematic for research at a local level. This article describes an approach combining dasymetric and volume preserving techniques to create a national land use dataset at 1 km² resolution. The results for an English county are compared with contemporaneous aggregated habitat data. The results show that the accurate estimates of local agricultural land use (Arable and Grass) patterns can be estimated when individual 1 km squares are combined into blocks of > 9 squares, thereby providing local estimates of agricultural land use. This in turn allows more detailed modelling of land uses related to specific livestock and cropping activities. The dataset created by this work has been subject to extensive external validation through its incorporation into a number of other national models: nitrate leaching (e.g. MAGPIE, NEAP‐N), waste, and pathogen modelling related to agricultural activity.     

国土资源网格化管理与服务系统的设计与实现

从地学网格的基本概念出发,提出了由网络层、数据层与应用层以及安全保障和标准化体系构成的国土资源管理与服务系统总体框架。探索了国土资源网格化管理的运行模式,明确了不同角色在网格化管理中的职责。对于网格化管理中的数据更新机制、更新流程和更新方式进行了详细的探讨。最后,文章结合东莞市的实际设计并实现了国土资源网格化管理与服务系统原型。     

物权法对节约集约利用土地的法理解析——以青岛市崂山区分层出让建设用地使用权为例

土地资源具有稀缺性和不可再生性,土地供给日渐紧张,拓展土地利用空间、将土地利用由平面趋向立体化发展的趋势日渐成熟。青岛市崂山区将建设用地使用权分层出让,不但垂范了法规政策,对区域经济的发展也具有很大的现实意义。     

烟台市城市土地可持续利用评价

以烟台市为例,从生态环境协调性、经济可行性、社会可接受性等方面,构建了2004年城市土地可持续利用评价的指标体系,采用特尔斐等方法计算了其可持续利用度。结果表明,烟台城市土地利用目前仍处于可持续利用起步阶段。     

GIS技术在旅游业中的应用——兼谈旅游地理信息系统及其研究进展与展望

本文对地理信息系统的组成与功能做了简单的概述,在此基础上介绍了GIS在旅游业发展中的主要作用及应用现状,并就旅游地理信息系统的结构与功能及其研究进展和发展趋势做了探讨。     

基于GIS的人口分布图的绘制研究——以辽阳市为例

主要论述传统的人口分布专题地图方法及其不足,阐述了人口分布与土地利用之间的关系,运用人口在不同用地类型上的分配的理论,模拟人口分布,根据辽阳市的土地利用情况以及人口数字准备来绘制人口分布图。