Delineation of potential exploration targets based on 3D geological modeling: A case study from the Laoangou Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic ore deposit,China

The Laoangou Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic ore deposit (LAG) is a hydrothermal vein-type deposit in the East Qinling polymetallic metallogenic belt, which is controlled by NW-, NE- and nearly SN-trending faults and mainly hosted in the dolomite marble of Meiyaogou and Baishugou formations within the Luanchuan ore district (LOD). Although district-scale metallogenic prediction related to the Pb-Zn-Ag deposits in the LOD has been attempted, there have been no studies to formulate a detailed deposit-scale metallogenic prediction of the Pb-Zn-Ag deposit in 3D space. Here we selected the LAG to formulate a metallogenic prediction model for Pb-Zn-Ag deposit based on data from 1:10,000 scale geological map, and 66 boreholes and 39 sections of exploration lines on 1:1000 scale, to extract the salient spatial features of the deposit. We apply ordinary weights and weighted weights of evidence, followed by boosted weights of evidence, logistic regression and information entropy for integrating the features of the ore deposit for exploration targeting. The C–V fractal method is applied to classify the probabilities. Accordingly, three levels of exploration targets are delineated: the first level targets are mainly distributed in the periphery of known orebodies (M2, M3, II-3 and VI), which are also located in the ore-controlling strata and fault zones; the second level targets are located in the region of known orebodies, indirectly confirming that the prediction result is reliable; and the third level targets, which are mainly located at the contact between ore-controlling strata and metagabbro bodies, offer new targets for exploration in this ore district. Combining our results obtained in this study with those in previous studies, we provide some guidelines for exploration targets in the Pb-Zn-Ag deposits in the LOD, which might help in more effectively delineating the target zones.     

冀北隆化小罗卜沟金银矿床特征及找矿意义

冀北隆化县小罗卜沟中型金银矿床的发现是该地区找矿的重大突破。勘查区位于1∶20万和1∶5万Au、Ag等多元素综合异常内,通过以钻探、硐探为主的探矿工程,基本查明了矿体赋存于早白垩世九佛堂组复成分角砾岩和义县组安山岩及安山质火山角砾岩的构造裂隙内。矿体受断裂带控制,与围岩界线明显,对围岩没有选择性,矿床属燕山期与岩体有关的浅成中低温热液矿床。矿区内共圈定17个矿体,矿体长28～788 m,斜深8～489 m,平均厚度0.80～3.96 m,Ag平均品位68.44×10~(-6)～447.50×10~(-6),共生Au平均品位1.16×10~(-6)～6.25×10~(-6);伴生Au平均品位0.20×10~(-6)～1.00×10~(-6),伴生S平均品位2.34%～11.10%。主要矿体Ⅳ-1银资源储量达中型。矿区内及外围仍存在寻找多金属矿床的潜力。该矿床的发现对寻找同类矿床具有重要指示意义。     

壤中汞气测量在于都营脑隐伏矿产勘查中的应用

营脑矿区位于南岭银坑贵多金属矿田西部,以破碎蚀变岩型银多金属矿产为主.该区壤中汞气异常明显,最大含量为5 200.0 ng/m3,峰背比最高达60.4.汞气异常形态与区内NE向控矿破碎带分布基本一致,对含矿破碎带表现出异常叠加的特征.以汞气异常为依据,结合研究区成矿地质条件,综合固定出3个找矿远景区,并认为Ⅲ远景区找矿潜力最大.     

哈拉湖冻土区地震波场特征与天然气水合物成矿潜力分析

南祁连盆地哈拉湖坳陷地处青藏高原东北缘,是我国高原冻土区水合物勘查的重点区域,通过地震勘查发现:浅层倒转叠加速度场揭示了测区冻土层比较发育,反射剖面结果和三瞬信息则揭示了哈拉湖坳陷为复合型盆地:加里东期结晶基底上发育的古生代—中生代盆地,经过印支期造山剥蚀后,在喜马拉雅运动作用下,进一步形成南深北浅的前陆盆地,并沉积了约300~1 200m厚的新生代松散沉积物.测区受复杂构造运动的影响,地层破坏严重,且烃源岩品质较差,冻土形成时间晚,与导气断裂形成时间耦合性也差,区域性盖层缺乏,应用水合物成矿理论综合分析测区水合物成矿潜力较差.     

山东省土壤有机碳库及其时空变化特征

土壤作为陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,土壤碳储量研究在全球碳循环变化中意义重大。利用山东省多目标区域地球化学调查(2003年)获得的双层网格化大密度、高精度土壤有机碳(SOC)含量数据,估算了全省0～20 cm、0～100 cm及0～160 cm的土壤碳密度和储量,并对SOC密度和储量的时空变化规律及土壤固碳潜力进行研究。结果表明：(1)山东省0～20 cm、0～100 cm和0～160 cm土层SOC密度分别为222 kg/m2、764 kg/m2、1009 kg/m2,各土层SOC密度均明显低于全国平均水平(319 kg/m2、1164 kg/m2和1534 kg/m2);(2)0～20 cm表层SOC密度分布总体呈现为沿海地区低,鲁西北平原、鲁东丘陵中等,鲁中南山区偏高的分布格局;(3)与18年前第二次土壤普查(1985年)数据对比,表层SOC密度从143 kg/m2升高到222 kg/m2,全省陆域(1570万km2)0～20 cm表层SOC储量则由22641 Mt增加至35065 Mt,净增了12424 Mt,SOC密度以0044 kg/(m2·a)的平均速率在土壤中积累,整体表现为“碳汇”效应;据估算,尚有50523 Mt的固碳潜力。     

Globalization, tourism and local living conditions on Jamaica's north coast

Jamaica's tourism industry has grown rapidly in recent decades, with significant implications for national development. However, the distribution of the benefits from this growth sector has been socially and spatially uneven. Drawing on substantial data sets collected through a variety of participatory research practices, this paper assesses the socioeconomic and environmental challenges facing the residents of Montego Bay and Falmouth on Jamaica's north coast, the main site for tourism development in the country. The research involved training community residents as researchers, and used traditional quantitative methods alongside techniques borrowed from participatory rapid appraisal.
The local society and economy are clearly shown to be affected by processes of globalization and mobility. However, existing patterns of national economic development – including the expansion of the tourism industry – have failed to alleviate the social and environmental problems faced by relatively powerless members of the Jamaican society. In contrast, the most effective responses to this situation have involved stakeholder groups negotiating and breaking down entrenched scaled relationships through the mobilization of particular forms of social networks.     

Drought and institutional adaptation in the Great Plains of Alberta and Saskatchewan, 1914–1939

Agriculture in the southern Great Plains of Canada has been particularly vulnerable to prolonged episodes of drought. Using climate data and a precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration index, the extent of the region’s exposure to drought is examined. Between 1914 and 1917, the Dry Belt was particularly vulnerable to drought, whereas after 1928, a much larger region known as the Palliser Triangle covering most of southern Alberta and Saskatchewan was much more exposed to drought. These droughts provoked major institutional adaptation, in particular the establishment of the Special Areas Board by the Government of Alberta, and the creation of the Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration by the Government of Canada. Both organizations have proved to be relatively permanent public adaptations to the natural hazard of drought in the region. Moreover, these earlier experiences with prolonged drought as well as institution-building may be of value in helping the residents of the Palliser Triangle adapt to predicted climate changes in the future as well as anticipate some of the barriers to effective institutional adaptation.     

昆明滇池周围磷矿资源现状及开发前景

云南磷矿探明储量居全国首位,滇池周围保有储量占全省保有储量68.64%。磷化工与磷复肥基地和国内最大露采矿山,均在此区域内。"优矿低用"、矿山规模化小、国营矿山效益差,均是发展中要解决的问题。合理开采富矿、发展磷肥要"湿、热并举"、实施"矿电联营"、政府给予优惠政策,是云南磷矿业可持续发展的重要举措。     

中国南方含油气区构造-沉积类型及其勘探潜力

南方含油气的复杂构造区根据构造—沉积类型的不同,可将其分为四种类型。通过对不同类型典型含油气区的生烃量及非构造运动天然气散失量的化学动力学计算,认为这四种类型含油气区的油气聚集潜力从好到坏依次为:喜马拉雅运动抬升暴露型、燕山运动抬升暴露型、反复抬升—沉降型和海西—印支运动抬升暴露—后期浅埋型。主要构造运动发生越晚,对油气保存越有利。     

Delineation of potential groundwater zones based on multicriteria decision making technique

Groundwater is the most prioritized water source in India and plays an indispensable role in India's economy. The groundwater potential mapping is key to the sustainable groundwater development and management. A hybrid methodology is applied to delineate potential groundwater zones based on remote sensing, geographical information systems(GIS) and analytic hierarchy process(AHP) as on multicriteria decision making. For the purpose of demonstrating field application, Chittar watershed, Tamilnadu, India is studied as an example. The important morphological characteristics considered in the study are lithology, geomorphology, lineament density, drainage density, slope, and Soil Conservation Service–Curve Number(SCS-CN). These six thematic layers are generated in a GIS platform. Based on intersecting the layers, AHP method, the values for adopting the pairwise comparison normalized weight and normalized subclasses weightage were given. The normalized subclass weightage is input into each layer subclass. Then, weighted linear combination method is used to add the data layers in GIS platform to generate groundwater potential Index(GWPI) map. The GWPI map is validated based on the net recharge computed from the differences of measured groundwater levels between the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon in the year 2018. The kappa statistics are used to measure level spatial consistency between the GWPI and net recharge map. The overall average spatial matching accuracy between the two data sets is 0.86, while the kappa coefficient for GWPI with net recharge, 0.78. The results show that in Chittar watershed about 870 km~2 area is divided into high potential zone(i.e. sum of very high and high potential zone), 667 km~2 area, as the moderate one and the rest 105 km~2 area, as the poor zone(i.e. sum of very poor and poor potential zone).