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81.
地心非旋转坐标系中的TWSTT计算模型 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据卫星双向时间传递(TWSTT)的基本原理,详细推导了地心非旋转坐标系中TWSTT的计算模型.并与地固系中的计算模型进行了分析比较,证明了两种计算模型在0.1ns亚纳秒量级上的等价性。 相似文献
82.
The number of immature stages and the seasonal patterns of development are basic life history features of a stream dwelling species and knowledge about these important components are essential for understanding its adaptations to its dynamic environment. The life cycle of Agapetus fuscipes (Trichoptera, Glossosomatidae), one of the dominant scrapers in the upper and middle reaches of the Breitenbach, a first-order upland stream in central Germany, was analysed. The pronotum length and the relationship between pronotum length, larval biomass and case length showed seven distinct larval instars, contrary to earlier findings from the Breitenbach. In addition to a few trichopteran species from other functional feeding groups, A. fuscipes is the only scraping caddis fly reported to have more than five larval instars. The moult increments of pronotum length and larval biomass were distinctly lower than in glossosomatid species with five larval instars. A. fuscipes is clearly univoltine in the Breitenbach. First-instar larvae were found from July to the beginning of December, and second-instar larvae from July to January. At the beginning of December the population consisted of the instars I to V, and development did not cease during winter. The sixth-instar larvae occurred mostly in January, and the seventh-instar larvae were never present before January. The prepupae and pupae occurred in April. The last pupae were found at the beginning of September, although most of the emergence took place in June and July. At least five different immature stages with different ecological demands were present at any time throughout the year. The ecological advantage having two additional larval instars compared to other glossosomatid species may be to compensate for the high rate of mouthpart wear that occurs while the larvae feed on the rough Bunter Sandstone substratum. A further advantage may be to spread the risk of high mortality under unfavourable environmental conditions. 相似文献
83.
We have developed new basic theories for calculating the conversion point and the travel time of the P-SV converted wave (C-wave)
in anisotropic, inhomogeneous media. This enables the use of conventional procedures such as semblance analysis, Dix-type
model building and Kirchhoff summation, to implement anisotropic processing, and makes anisotropic processing affordable.
Here we present these new developments in two parts: basic theory and application to velocity analysis and parameter estimation.
This part deals with the basic theory, including both conversion-point calculation and moveout analysis.
Existing equations for calculating the PS-wave (C-wave) conversion point in layered media with vertical transverse isotropy
(VTI) are strictly limited to offsets about half the reflector depth (an offset-depth ratio, xlz, of 0.5), and those for calculating the C-wave traveltimes are limited to offsets equal to the reflector depth (x/z=l.0). In contrast, the new equations for calculating the conversion-point extend into offsets about three-times the reflector
depth (x/z=3.0), those for calculating the C-wave traveltimes extend into offsets twice the reflector depth (x/z=2.0). With the improved accuracy, the equations can help in C-wave data processing and parameter estimation in anisotropic,
inhomogeneous media.
This work is funded by the Edinburgh Anisotropy Project (EAP) of the British Geological Survey.
First author:
Xiangyang Li, Mr. Li is currently a professorial research seismologist (Grade 6) and technical director of the Edinburgh Anisotropy Project
in the British Geological Survey. He also holds a honorary professorship in multicomponent seismology at the School of Geosciences,
University of Edinburgh. He received his BSc(1982) in Geophysics from Changchun Geological Institute, China, an MSc (1984)
in applied geophysics from East China Petroleum Institute (now known as the China University of Petroleum), and a PhD (1992)
in seismology from the University of Edinburgh. During 1984–1987, he worked as a lecturer with the East China Petroleum Institute.
Since 1991, he has been employed by the British Geological Survey. His research interests include seismic anisotropy and multicomponent
seismology. 相似文献
84.
2-D crustal Poisson’s ratio from seismic travel time inversion in Changbaishan Tianchi volcanic region 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Based on the inversion method of 2D velocity structure and interface, the crustal velocity structures of P-wave and S-wave
along the profile L
1 are determined simultaneously with deep seismic sounding data in Changbaishan Tianchi volcanic region, and then its Poisson’s
ratio is obtained. Calculated results show that this technique overcomes some defects of traditional forward calculation method,
and it is also very effective to determine Poisson’s ratio distribution of deep seismic sounding profile, especially useful
for study on volcanic magma and crustal fault zone. Study result indicates that there is an abnormally high Poisson’s ratio
body that is about 30 km wide and 12 km high in the low velocity region under Tianchi crater. Its value of Poisson’s ratio
is 8% higher than that of surrounding medium and it should be the magma chamber formed from melted rock with high temperature.
There is a high Poisson’s ratio zone ranging from magma chamber to the top of crust, which may be the uprise passage of hot
substance. The lower part with high Poisson’s ratio, which stretches downward to Moho, is possibly the extrusion way of hot
substance from the uppermost mantle. The conclusions above are consistent with the study results of both tomographic determination
of 3D crustal structure and magnetotelluric survey in this region.
Foundation item: Key Project from China Earthquake Administration and the Project (95-11-02-01) from Ministry of Science and Technology (2001DIA10003).
Contribution No. RCEG200401, Geophysical Exploration Center, China Earthquake Administration. 相似文献
85.
A Possible Detection of the 26 December 2004 Great Sumatra-Andaman Islands Earthquake with Solution Products of the International GNSS Service 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J. Kouba 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2005,49(4):463-483
The main goal of this work is to critically review the IGS solution products and Precise Point Positioning (PPP) in order
to demonstrate their potential to contribute to studies of large earthquakes such as the one that devastated Southeast Asia
on December 26th, 2004. In view of a possible detection of the Mw 9.0 Sumatra-Andaman Islands Earthquake of December 26, 2004,
position solutions, ranging from intervals of years to one second, of four International GNSS Service (IGS) stations within
3000 km of the epicenter were examined. The IGS combined, cumulative solution product (IGS04P51), consisting of epoch and
station velocity solutions and based on data spans of several years prior to the earthquake, was used as a reference. Four
IGS combined weekly position solutions (igs04P1301-4), two weeks before and after the earthquake, were utilized for the weekly
solution resolution. PPP static and kinematic solutions with IGS Final combined orbits and clocks were used for the mean daily
and instantaneous 5-min and 1-sec epoch solutions, respectively. The most significant changes, detected by both weekly and
daily solutions occurred in longitude. The nearest IGS station ntus, about 1000 km east of the epicenter, moved westward about
15 mm, while the more distant Indian station iisc (∼ 2300 km NW from the epicenter), shifted about 15 mm eastward. In spite
of position errors caused by interpolation of the 5-min IGS clocks, the 1-sec solutions, based on separate data sets, available
only for two stations (iisc, dgar), still showed seismic surface waves, in particular at the Indian station iisc. Precise
daily IGS combined polar motion and length-of-day products, after correcting for the atmospheric effects, also likely detected,
statistically significant, anomalistic excitations on December 26, 2004 that could be caused by this great earthquake. 相似文献
86.
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89.
随着县级城镇社会经济的迅速发展,城镇居民的休闲时间日渐增多,休闲时间的利用成为人们关注的焦点。以蒙自为案例地的中国经济欠发达地区县级城镇居民的休闲时间利用结构已经日趋多样化,但主要还是集中于看电视、散步、书报业务学习、家庭娱乐、做家务等几项传统休闲方式,家庭内休闲在城镇居民的休闲活动中占了很大比重,这反映出休闲时间利用低水平的问题。县级城镇休闲设施和休闲产业都比较落后,影响了城镇居民休闲质量的提高和休闲消费、休闲经济的发展。因此,政府及有关部门应努力改善城镇的休闲设施,大力发展休闲产业,从多方面引导居民科学、有效、合理地利用休闲时间,最终促进休闲经济的发展,提高城镇居民的生活质量。 相似文献
90.
随着勘探程度的不断提高,断陷盆地陡坡带砂砾岩体油气藏成为了重点勘探对象之一,但陡倾角的大断层、非均质性强的砂砾岩体使得常规的叠后偏移成像方法成果难以满足勘探开发的需要.采用叠前时间偏移处理技术,开展针对性的叠前预处理技术、精细的速度模型建立和关键参数的合理选取等研究,三维叠前时间偏移处理较常规三维叠后时间偏移处理获得了较高质量的成像剖面,且输出的道集可以用于砂砾岩体储层描述研究. 相似文献