地下结构工程抗震分析方法综述

我国地下结构工程发展很快,但其抗震分析的研究还存在着亟待解决的问题。本文简单说明了地下结构工程抗震发展历史和地震反应的特点,并详细介绍了地下结构抗震分析方法的三种分类,以及具体方法的原理,以此加深人们对地下结构工程抗震分析方法的认识,引起人们对地下结构工程抗震的重视。     

景洪电站水库诱发地震监测台网地震监测能力评估

基于近震震级公式,得出景洪电站水库诱发地震监测台网理论监测能力在坝区为M_L 0.5,在坝区周边,理论监测能力为M_L 0.7。基于G-R震级频度关系及Wiemer Wyss最小完整性震级估计方法求取景洪电站水库诱发地震监测台网实际监测能力,结果证明,其实际监测能力能够满足理论监测能力的要求。在0.5的理论监测区范围内,最小完整性震级为M_L 0.0,而在0.7的理论监测范围内,最小完整性震级为M_L 0.4。     

水平液化场地土表位移简化理论解答

水平液化场地地表往返位移的求解是基础和地下工程抗震设计的迫切需求。利用双层模型模拟实际水平场地,提出了可考虑液化层存在下的土表位移简化计算方法并给出频域理论解答,同时采用逐循环累计方法给出水平场地任意荷载下土表位移时域解答。采用适于水平场地孔压增量模型,并逐循环修正土层模量,模拟液化引起的土层的非线性过程。振动台试验结果和提出棋型的计算结果吻合,验证了所提方法能够反映土体液化对土表位移影响的基本过程。提出的方法和解答物理意义明确,可代表土体液化对土表位移影响的基本形态,并可用于频域及时域的无量纲分析。     

各向同性薄层反射理论地震图

本文在各向同性介质假设下,计算了薄层顶、底反射P波和PS波的理论地震图.理论模拟发现薄层的反射P波与PS波是一复合波,包括层内的多次透射和反射转换波型,且具有类似单一界面反射的、脉冲式的波形特征.两类薄层反射整体振幅随着薄层厚度的降低而缩小;在地震子波主频40 Hz条件下,2 m左右厚度的薄层反射相比单一界面反射具有等同的振幅水平.1 m以下极薄层仅有弱反射甚至无反射;薄层反射复合波振幅与炮检距的关系依然成立,但不惟一;单界面反射AVO原理、方法不适用于薄层反射解释与反演.     

采区溜井卸矿冲击载荷作用的理论分析与验证

以运动学理论为基础对矿石在溜井中的运动规律进行理论推导,结合相似材料模拟试验对结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明,（1）初始冲击时法向冲击力较大,随着冲击次数的增加法向冲击力逐渐减弱切向冲击力逐渐增强,对井壁造成的破坏由以法向破坏为主转变为剪切破坏为主;（2）冲击点的间隔越来越大,冲击角度逐渐减小,矿石经过2～3次冲击井壁之后垂直落入井中;（3）理论推导得到形成的2个冲击带位于井口下2.0～5.6 m及26.4～38.2 m处,试验得出的破坏范围为井口下1.95～10.2 m及19.4～40.2 m处,试验所得的冲击带范围较理论推导结果略大;（4）处于冲击区域的压力盒数据变化最大,处于矿石磨损区域的压力盒数值变化较小且变化趋势缓和。     

GIS理论的发展

从GIS研究理论的发展,介绍了空间数据及融合理论、空间曲面理论、空间认识理论、地图可观化理论、空间数据建模理论的研讨成果,为GIS研究和应用提供极好的参考。     

SIMULATION OF STRONG GROUND MOTION IN AKETAO M6.7 EARTHQUAKE USING THEORETICAL GREEN'S FUNCTION

Aketao M6.7 earthquake on November 25, 2016 occurred in Aketao Country, Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Autonomous Region. In this paper, according to the focal mechanism solution, the geometrical parameters of the fault are used as input to simulate the acceleration records of the surrounding area of Aketao M6.7 earthquake on November 25, 2016 with the QSGRN/QSCMP program. The peak ground acceleration distribution is plotted by extracted peak ground accelerations and site condition correction. Comparison is carried out between the observed waveforms and the simulated waveforms in the time domain and the frequency domain of two strong motion stations. It is verified that the amplitudes of simulated and observed data are equal in magnitude, their calculated residuals are smaller in low frequency range and the spectral characteristics of simulated and observed data are consistent. Furthermore, the simulated peak ground acceleration corresponding to the coordinates of the actual survey points is extracted and compared with the survey spot intensity, and both have good correspondence. This paper attempts to provide a method for rapid output of peak ground acceleration distribution after an earthquake, so as to provide a method for estimating the seismic impact field in areas where the monitoring station is scarce, the topography is complex or it is difficult to implement the rapid earthquake disaster investigation. And it also provides supporting information for rapid assessment of earthquake disaster and emergency decision-making.     

普通硅酸盐-硫铝酸盐复合水泥浆液流变特性试验

普通硅酸盐-硫铝酸盐复合水泥浆液在地质灾害快速治理工程中具有广阔的应用前景,但复合浆液的流变特性直接影响到应用效果。采用理论分析与试验相结合的方法对不同配合比的普通硅酸盐-硫铝酸盐复合水泥浆液的流变特性进行了研究。根据试验结果绘制了复合水泥浆液的剪切应力-剪切速率变化曲线;通过测定浆液的表观粘度随时间的变化情况分析了水泥浆液粘度的时变特性。试验结果表明,水灰比对复合水泥浆液的流型有较明显的影响,减水剂对浆液的流型无明显影响,但对浆液的流变参数的数值影响较大,研究结果对于工程应用具有一定的指导意义。     

带压开采煤层底板破坏深度理论分析及数值模拟——以陕西澄合矿区董家河煤矿5号煤层为例

随着煤矿开采深度的不断增加,带压开采已经成为深部矿井普遍应用的一种采煤方法,而带压水上采煤的关键问题之一是确定采动引起的底板破坏深度。针对董家河煤矿5号煤层开采引起的底板采动破坏深度开展相关研究,以该矿的507综采工作面开采为工程背景,采用理论分析和数值模拟相结合的办法,动态再现了整个底板岩层渐进破坏过程,并得出底板岩层的最大破坏深度为10~11 m,该结果与现场实测结果一致;同时给出了该矿底板岩层破坏深度与工作面斜长和埋深关系的经验公式。该结论为董家河煤矿带压开采工作面煤层底板突水预测与防治提供了科学依据。      

An interface-condition substitution strategy for theoretical study of dissolution-timescale reactive infiltration instability in fluid-saturated porous rocks

A theoretical study of reactive infiltration instability is conducted on the dissolution timescale. In the present theoretical study, the transient behavior of a dissolution-timescale reactive infiltration system needs to be considered, so that the upstream region of the chemical dissolution front should be finite. In addition, the chemical dissolution front of finite thickness should be considered on the dissolution timescale. Owing to these different considerations, it is very difficult, even in some special cases, to derive the first-order perturbation solutions of the reactive infiltration system on the dissolution timescale. To overcome this difficulty, an interface-condition substitution strategy is proposed in this paper. The basic idea behind the proposed strategy is that although the first-order perturbation equations in the downstream region cannot be directly solved in a purely mathematical manner, they should hold at the planar reference front, which is the interface between the upstream region and the downstream region. This can lead to two new equations at the interface. The main advantage of using the proposed interface-condition substitution strategy is that through using the original interface conditions as a bridge, the perturbation solutions for the dimensionless acid concentration, dimensionless Darcy velocity, and their derivatives involved in the two new equations at the interface can be evaluated just by using the obtained analytical solutions in the upstream region. The proposed strategy has been successfully used to derive the dimensionless growth rate, which is the key issue associated with the theoretical study of dissolution-timescale reactive infiltration instability in fluid-saturated porous rocks.