闾阳－海城－东沟剖面深地震波动力学特征初探

本文利用国内外有关深地震波动力学特征的研究方法，结合现有原始资料的实际条件，对闾阳－海城－东沟深地震测深剖面某些地段的主要波组的动力学特征进行了定性或半定量的分析与研究。在频谱分析，速度振幅的计算与相对理论振幅的对比等方面，获得了一些有益信息。为进一步合理解释深地震测深资料提供依据。     

Field verification of a theoretical model to predict the dynamic response of a soft clay deposit

A 40-m thick clay deposit was subjected to sinusoidal excitations using a foundation block and an eccentric mass type vibrator. The response of the foundation block and the surrounding soil was measured using geophones inside the soil and on the surface. The phase shift between the excitation signal and the response signal, the accelerations of the foundation block and the particle velocities in the soil are compared with those obtained from a frequency-dependent numerical model based on the exact analytical solution for the boundary value problem of a rectangular foundation resting on a linear elastic halfspace.     

A solution of the elastodynamic equation in an anelastic earth model

A formal solution to the elastodynamic equation in an anelastic earth model is presented. The derivation also incorporates the effects of aspherical structure, rotation, self-gravitation, and pre-stress. It is found that the solution can be expressed as a sum of the normal modes of the earth model along with additional terms accounting for anelastic relaxation processes. However, the derivation does not assume that such an eigenfunction expansion is possible, and so avoids difficulties previously encountered due to the non self-adjointness of the problem.     

Seismicity, seismic input and site effects in the Sahel—Algiers region (North Algeria)

Algiers city is located in a seismogenic zone. To reduce the impact of seismic risk in this Capital city, a realistic modelling of the seismic ground motion (SGM) is conducted by using the hybrid method that combines the finite differences method and the modal summation. For this purpose, a complete database of geological, geophysical and earthquake data is constructed. A critical re-appraisal of the seismicity of the zone [2.25°E–3.50°E, 36.50°N–37.00°N] is performed and an earthquake list, for the period 1359–2002, is compiled. The analysis of existing and newly retrieved macroseismic information allowed the definition of earthquake parameters of macroseismic events for which a degree of reliability is assigned. Geological cross sections have been built up to model the SGM in the city, caused by the 1989 Mont-Chenoua and the 1924 Douéra earthquakes. Synthetic seismograms and response spectral ratio is produced for Algiers, and they show that the soft sediments in Algiers centre are responsible of the noticed amplification of the SGM.     

峰谷平均法及其在计算浅源合成地震图中的应用

为了计算在震源和接收点深度相同或相近情况下分层半空间介质中的合成地震图,在重复平均法的基础上加以改进,提出一种有效的数值积分方法--峰谷平均法.根据被积函数的变化特点,将波峰和波谷值抽取出来组成慢收敛序列,利用重复平均法快速而准确地求出其极限值.与半解析方法相比,本文方法不仅数学处理上非常简单,而且易于数值实现.数值试验表明,本文方法是准确和高效的.     

鄂尔多斯盆地鄂托克前旗地区古生界合成地震记录特征

鄂尔多斯盆地鄂托克前旗地区钻井较少且位于周缘，靠在线井外推的地震解释工作难以控制全区，本文通过对有限钻井的古生界进行声波合成地震记录的模拟，根据太原组煤层底界和奥陶系风化壳二者反射的复合程度将本区合成地震记录归纳为高复合型、中等复合型、弱复合型和双相位型四种特征类型，并且同钻井相结合赋予不同类型以古地貌含义，为本区的地震解释及标定工作提供了依据。     

模拟倾斜界面情况下区域地震范围内的长周期Pnl波

中国大陆地壳厚度的特点是东部地区薄西部地区厚,因此在计算Pnl波的Green函数时进一步考虑了莫霍界面倾斜的影响.本文将广义射线理论推广到倾斜层结构模型,该方法的计算结果与有限差分的计算结果有很好的一致性.理论计算表明,在同一个倾斜结构模型中沿相反方向传播的Pnl波有明显的差异.因此当地壳厚度的变化不能忽略时,根据水平层模型的理论计算结果拟合Pnl波记录时效果不够理想.对菏泽、门源地震资料的处理结果表明,用一个更接近实际地壳的倾斜层模型来拟合Pnl波比用等效厚度平行层模型来拟合要更为合理.