我国国土资源储备初探

该文论述国土资源储备对国家安全的重要保障作用。将国土资源储备分为资源和产品两个类型 ,并分析两个储备主体的侧重点 ;阐明我国土地资源储备、能源储备、矿产资源储备的现状及问题 ;提出加强组织领导、开拓资源供应新渠道、增加战略性产品储备建议     

区域性交通枢纽及其腹地的城市化模式

文章重点研究了交通枢纽及其腹地区域的城市化地域模式问题。首先以山西省部分城市为例,简要论述了交通枢纽城市的基本特征。接着分析了这类城市的职能发育和规模扩张的内在机制,讨论了腹地区域的袭夺过程和城市—区域关系的变化特征,并概括出交通枢纽及其腹地区域城市化发展的四阶段动态演进模式。最后提出了推进这类区域城市化发展的战略思路和重点对策.     

Natural and imposed injustices: the challenges in implementing 'fair' flood risk management policy in England

This paper examines the challenges facing English flood risk management (FRM) policy and practice when considering fair decision-making processes and outcomes at a range of spatial scales. It is recognised that flooding is not fair per se : the inherent natural spatial inequality of flood frequency and extent, plus the legacy of differential system interventions, being the cause. But, drawing on the three social justice models – procedural equality, Rawls' maximin rule and maximum utility – the authors examine the fairness principles currently employed in FRM decision-making. This is achieved, firstly, in relation to the distribution of taxpayer's money for FRM at the national, regional and local levels and, secondly, for non-structural strategies – most notably those of insurance, flood warnings and awareness raising, land use control, home owner adaptation and emergency management. A case study of the Lower Thames catchment illustrates the challenges facing decision-makers in 'real life': how those strategies which appear to be most technically and economically effective fall far short of being fair from either a vulnerability or equality perspective. The paper concludes that if we are to manage flood risk somewhat more fairly then a move in the direction of government funding of nationally consistent non-structural strategies, in conjunction with lower investment decision thresholds for other local-level FRM options, appears to offer a greater contribution to equality and vulnerability-based social justice principles than the status quo.     

Neoliberalism and environmental justice in the United States environmental protection agency: Translating policy into managerial practice in hazardous waste remediation

In response to the failings of the aggressive neoliberalism of the Reagan era, the Clinton administration sought new ways to promote and deepen the neoliberal project. One of its strategies was to develop “neocommunitarian” programs to support political empowerment and economic self-sufficiency in marginalized communities. Its environmental justice policy became an important vehicle for delivering these programs. This paper examines ways in which one regional office of the US Environmental Protection Agency translated the Clinton administration's environmental justice policy into practical guidelines for its managers. It investigates how these guidelines affected the work of personnel in the EPA's program to clean up hazardous waste sites. It asks how the Clinton administration's approach to environmental justice--emphasizing data analysis, managed public participation, and economic opportunity--helped both to deepen the neoliberal project and to transform the geography of risk and remediation. Although the EPA was unable to “normalize” the environmental justice community--to make it a standardized target for the Clinton administration's empowerment programs--its environmental justice policy both contributed to subtle changes in the distribution of hazardous waste risk and made the delivery of neocommunitarian programs an important part of the work of remedial personnel.     

对新时期国土(区域)规划及其理论基础建设的思考

国土（区域）规划是经济地理重要的实践领域。本文从国土（区域）规划所发挥的作用及存在的问题入手,解剖了作为其理论基础的经济地理学目前的主要缺陷;并针对我国市场体制建设、可持续发展观的提出、买方市场的初步形成、世界经济动荡的影响等大背景的变化,提出了一系列国土（区域）规划性质与内容调整的关键问题。笔者认为,区域经济布局问题仍然是近期国土（区域）规划的核心内容,而非均衡区域增长、城镇体系与农村经济发展、企业发展的区域战略影响着区域经济布局的基本态势,因此,应当针对这些内容重点完善国土（区域）规划的理论基础,推动经济地理学的发展。     

New borders for new world orders: territorialities at the fin-de-siecle

After decades of relative silence, the study of frontiers and boundaries is resuming a prominent place in political geography. The impetus for the revival of limology (border studies) comes from the global context of a post-Cold War order, which has led to challenges to existing political arrangements, and from the identity turn in human geography and related disciplines. The study of frontiers and borders needs to be integrated into the main theories of the discipline. World-system theory, long criticized for its lack of a territorial footing, offers an opportunity for extension of its three geographic scales (world-economy, nation-state and locality) to incorporate two newly-emerging spatial dimensions at the macro-regional (bloc) and sub-national levels. Global and geopolitical trends, as well as shifting identities at national and sub-national scales, are reviewed and their effects on the changing scales of territoriality are reviewed. A geographic model illustrating the shifting and overlapping nature of borders is developed based on the contemporary developments in Eastern Europe. The case of contemporary Ukraine, as an example of state-and nation-building, shows these geopolitical changes as complex and dynamic. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Spatial Scale and Population Assignment Choices in Environmental Justice Analyses1

Environmental justice laws protect certain populations against discriminatory actions that may result from a myriad of enterprises, including transportation activities. Previous environmental equity studies examining the effects of transportation‐engendered externalities have been criticized on several points, including (1) that the choice of a reference population for comparison to the criterion variable may influence the outcome of research results and (2) that the selection and use of inappropriate methodologies intended to identify and characterize populations may foreordain research outcomes. This article examines the potentially confounding effects of selected spatial scale and population assignment strategies as applied to a study of excessive noise levels at a large Midwestern airport, finding that reported outcomes can vary significantly as a function of methodological choices.     

Ecofeminism in the twenty-first century

This paper considers the influence of ecofeminism on policy concerning gender (in)equality and the environment during the past 20 years. It reviews the broad contours of the ecofeminist debate before focusing on the social construction interpretation of women's relationship with the environment. It will argue that there have been substantial policy shifts in Europe and the UK in both the environmental and equalities fields, and that this is in part a result of lobbying at a range of scales by groups informed by ecofeminist debates. Nevertheless, the paper cautions that these shifts are largely incremental and operate within existing structures, which inevitably limit their capacity to create change. As policy addresses some of the concerns highlighted by ecofeminism, academic discourse and grass roots activity have been moving on to address other issues, and the paper concludes with a brief consideration of contemporary trajectories of ecofeminism and campaigning on issues that link women's, feminist and environment concerns.     

数字省、市在国土规划与城镇建设中的作用

全面介绍数字地球,数码城市,数字省、市的概念与理论;提出数字省、市建设的总体框架结构与上下连接关系;对数字省、市建设的技术支撑条件包括信息高速公路与计算机网络技术,遥感技术,地理信息系统,差分GPS技术,数据库管理技术,科学计算,虚拟现实技术等的发展与应用作了分析与讨论;分析了数字省、市在国土规划,城镇建设,城市规划管理中的应用前景;提出数字省、市应是全国各省、市推进经济与社会发展的一面旗帜,各省、市都应高高举起,以此推动数字中国,数字地球战略的实施与发展.     

国内城镇开发边界研究进展的知识图谱

基于知网1996—2019年的文献数据,利用CiteSpace对中国城镇开发边界研究进行知识图谱分析,系统梳理研究动态和发展脉络。结果表明,中国开发边界研究逐渐繁荣,学者彼此间合作呈现“整体分散,局部紧密”的局面,相关研究机构合作不足,研究热点呈现多元化的态势,并受政策导向影响明显。结合国家政策法规和时区图谱,将中国开发边界研究划分为理论初探、认识深化、划定探索、划管结合4个阶段,反映了中国开发边界研究经历了从控制城市蔓延、保护耕地、保障生态安全到塑造美丽国土、控制城市形态、促进城市转型、兼顾平等发展权以及保障城市可持续发展的转变。最后从生态补偿机制、边界划定精度、多样化的管控模式、边界试行期制度、人的需求5个方面提出城镇开发边界的政策建议。