Two species of the genusoncaea (copepoda, poecilostomatoida, oncaeidae) from the east sea, Korea

Abstract   Oncaea venusta Philippi, 1843 has been known as having some different size groups, but recent genetic study for cyt b and ITS 1 (Elverset al. 2006) suggests that these size groups can be considered as different species. Of these size groups, the largestO. venusta Philippi and the smallestO. venella Farran, 1929 were first described in Korean waters. The latter is easily distinguishable from the former in the following characteristics in addition to its small size: (1) length to width ratio of genital double somite of two genders smaller, and (2) female second pediger bearing inconspicuous dorso-posterior swelling.Oncaea venusta andO. venella co-occur in Korean waters during spring to fall, but their occurrence patterns seasonally differ: the former shows higher density in fall while the latter does in summer.     

厦门海域分粒级叶绿素a含量的分布特征

据2002年12月至2004年2月间厦门海域6个航次分粒级叶绿素a含量的调 查资料,研究了该海域分粒级浮游植物叶绿素a含量的分布特征及其控制因子．结果 表明:厦门海域叶绿素a含量平均值为5．36mg／m3,各调查月份中,8月份的含量最 高(13．6mg／m3),5月的次之(5．33mg／m3),12、2月的含量较低．叶绿素a含量的水 平分布在冬季时较为均匀;春、夏季在宝珠屿海域出现最高值(33．28mg／m3),九龙江 口外出现次高值(13．84mg／m3)．厦门海域全年以微型浮游植物占优势,小型浮游植 物在夏季高生物量时占比较高(41．O％),微微型浮游植物所占比例较小(年平均值 为9．7％)．冬季低温是浮游植物生长的主要限制因子,春、夏季随着温度升高,营养 盐的缺乏限制了浮游植物的生长．     

中国近岸海域潜在性富营养化程度的评价

根据近岸海域的富营养化普遍受营养盐限制的特征,提出了潜在性经的概念,并在此 提出了一种新的富营养化分级标准及相应的评价模式,运用该模式分别评价了厦门海域及中国近海的富养化程度。结果表明,厦门东海域敞 于贫营养水平,而西海域则为磷限制潜在性营养水平;与厦门西海域相近,中国近海主要河口、海湾总体上处于磷限制或磷中等限制潜在性富营养水平。     

B,As, and F contamination of river water due to wastewater discharge of the Yangbajing geothermal power plant,Tibet, China

Thermal waters from the Yangbajing geothermal field, Tibet, contain high concentrations of B, As, and F, up to 119, 5.7 and 19.6 mg/L, respectively. In this paper, the distribution of B, As, and F in the aquatic environment at Yangbajing was surveyed. The results show that most river water samples collected downstream of the Zangbo River have comparatively higher concentrations of B, As, and F (up to 3.82, 0.27 and 1.85 mg/L, respectively), indicating that the wastewater discharge of the geothermal power plant at Yangbajing has resulted in B, As, and F contamination in the river. Although the concentrations of B, As, and F of the Zangbo river waters decline downstream of the wastewater discharge site due to dilution effect and sorption onto bottom sediments, the sample from the conjunction of the Zangbo River and the Yangbajing River has higher contents of B, As, and F as compared with their predicted values obtained using our regression analysis models. The differences between actual and calculated contents of B, As, and F can be attributed to the contribution from upstream of the Yangbajing River. Water quality deterioration of the river has induced health problems among dwellers living in and downstream of Yangbajing. Effective measures, such as decontamination of wastewater and reinjection into the geothermal field, should be taken to protect the environment at Yangbajing.     

屏蔽暂堵剂优选的新方法

为了在钻井过程中更有效地利用屏蔽暂堵技术保护所钻油气储层不受损害 ,提出一种优选暂堵剂的新方法。新方法认为 ,暂堵剂作为矿研体 ,其粒度分布在一定范围内具有分形特征 ,可以用分维数定量地描述粒度空间分布的复杂情况 ,这样在考虑暂堵剂粒度平均尺寸与储层砂岩孔隙平均尺寸相匹配的前提下 ,进一步选择粒度分布分维数与储层砂岩孔隙尺寸分布分维数相近的暂堵剂 ,作为优选的暂堵剂。文中给出了测定和计算分维数的具体方法。室内渗透率恢复试验结果表明 ,按新方法选择的暂堵剂对储层砂岩起到了较理想的保护效果。     

Application of oxidative stress indices in natural populations of Perna viridis as biomarker of environmental pollution

Oxidative stress indices were measured in gills and digestive glands of Perna viridis collected from three coastal locations in Goa i.e., Bambolim, Marmugao Harbour and Malim. In addition to lipid peroxidation, the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase and two non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbic acid and reduced glutathione) were investigated in order to understand their variation with respect to pollution status of the sampling locations. We observed a significant increase in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes of both the tissues at Mormugao Harbour and Malim, suggesting that the animals at these two locations are at higher level of oxidative stress as compared to those at Bambolim. Conversely, low levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and reduced glutathione, observed at Mormugao Harbour and Malim indicate that the animals may use these compounds to counteract stress in the tissues. This study shows that changes in lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase and reduced glutathione in tissues of P. viridis can be used as molecular biomarkers in environmental monitoring programs.     

Emerging organic contaminants in coastal waters: Anthropogenic impact,environmental release and ecological risk

This study provides a first estimate of the sources, distribution, and risk presented by emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) in coastal waters off southwestern Taiwan. Ten illicit drugs, seven nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), five antibiotics, two blood lipid regulators, two antiepileptic drugs, two UV filters, caffeine, atenolol, and omeprazole were analyzed by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (SPE–LC–MS/MS). Thirteen EOCs were detected in coastal waters, including four NSAIDs (acetaminophen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and codeine), three antibiotics (ampicillin, erythromycin, and cefalexin), three illicit drugs (ketamine, pseudoephedrine, and MDMA), caffeine, carbamazepine, and gemfibrozil. The median concentrations for the 13 EOCs ranged from 1.47 ng/L to 156 ng/L. Spatial variation in concentration of the 13 EOCs suggests discharge into coastal waters via ocean outfall pipes and rivers. Codeine and ampicillin have significant pollution risk quotients (RQ > 1), indicating potentially high risk to aquatic organisms in coastal waters.     

东海温州水域4类常见耐药基因的流行情况研究

磺胺类、四环素、喹诺酮类和多粘菌素抗生素是医学与养殖业中的常用抗生素,其中多粘菌素在畜牧养殖业中常作为促长剂添加.调查分析了这4类抗生素的常见耐药基因在东海温州近海水域的分布情况.利用抗性平板筛选温州近海水域对磺胺类、四环素类及喹诺酮类抗生素耐药的可培养细菌分离株,对耐药分离株通过PCR方法进行目标耐药基因检测;对目标...     

我国南部海域条纹斑竹鲨线粒体DNA控制区遗传多态性研究

摘要:在对我国南部沿海闽东、闽南、粤西、海南、北部湾5个海域的条纹斑竹鲨群体线粒体控制区多态性研究中,获得长度为1 094~1 096 bp的线粒体控制区完整序列。序列比对发现了6个多态性核苷酸位点,定义了8个单倍型。5个群体的单倍型多样度(h=0.542 5~0.744 8)和核苷酸多样度(π=0.000 571~0.000 980)均处于较低水平,说明条纹斑竹鲨的线粒体DNA进化速率较低。分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果显示群体间的遗传差异较小(Fst=0.216 26,P<0.000 1),变异主要发生在群体内部。10 000步Markov链计算的群体间遗传分化概率及单倍型系统地理学分析结果将5个群体分成两个地理种群(台湾海峡种群、南海北部种群)。综合分析表明条纹斑竹鲨的基因流主要在浅海近岸水域扩散,遗传变异程度受地理结构和距离隔离影响。     

北京地区地热测井与热储层研究

北京地热测井由电阻率,自电,天然放射性,井温,井径形成地热测井系列,在划分地层,了解井温,水量等方面取得重要参数资料,为北京地热的勘探,开发,评价提供必要的依据。