克希霍夫叠前时间偏移技术在复杂构造带地震资料处理中的应用

在辽河盆地东部凹陷中部的A区块地下构造复杂,以往的资料虽然反应了该区的整体面貌,但断裂带的成像效果不是很好,为此,开展了叠前时间偏移处理技术研究.详细介绍了保福克希霍夫叠前时间偏移的原理和数据的预处理,讨论了主要的偏移参数的测试和选取方法,通过Deregowski循环法和百分比偏移扫描速度建立和优化速度模型.处理结果表明,该区三维叠前偏移剖面较常规三维叠后偏移剖面有明显改善.     

2.5D-FDTD数值算法的建立和模拟

本文提出并建立了2.5D-FDTD数值分析方法;通过与解析解及常规FDTD算法的比较,验证了该算法的正确性,显示了该算法的优越性;通过加入三维矩形口径面超宽带天线,实现了对地下埋藏目标体的识别,进一步说明了该方法的可行性和实用性.     

Wavelet‐based simulation of spectrum‐compatible aftershock accelerograms

In damage‐based seismic design it is desirable to account for the ability of aftershocks to cause further damage to an already damaged structure due to the main shock. Availability of recorded or simulated aftershock accelerograms is a critical component in the non‐linear time‐history analyses required for this purpose, and simulation of realistic accelerograms is therefore going to be the need of the profession for a long time to come. This paper attempts wavelet‐based simulation of aftershock accelerograms for two scenarios. In the first scenario, recorded main shock and aftershock accelerograms are available along with the pseudo‐spectral acceleration (PSA) spectrum of the anticipated main shock motion, and an accelerogram has been simulated for the anticipated aftershock motion such that it incorporates temporal features of the recorded aftershock accelerogram. In the second scenario, a recorded main shock accelerogram is available along with the PSA spectrum of the anticipated main shock motion and PSA spectrum and strong motion duration of the anticipated aftershock motion. Here, the accelerogram for the anticipated aftershock motion has been simulated assuming that temporal features of the main shock accelerogram are replicated in the aftershock accelerograms at the same site. The proposed algorithms have been illustrated with the help of the main shock and aftershock accelerograms recorded for the 1999 Chi–Chi earthquake. It has been shown that the proposed algorithm for the second scenario leads to useful results even when the main shock and aftershock accelerograms do not share the same temporal features, as long as strong motion duration of the anticipated aftershock motion is properly estimated. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

软土地区土压盾构隧道掘进施工风险模糊评估

首先确定了软土地区土压式盾构掘进施工主要风险,针对掘进施工风险的随机性与模糊性特点,提出采用模糊综合评价模型对其进行研究,其中采用层次分析法计算各风险事件的相对权重,并采用梯形隶属函数来计算各风险事件对风险水平的隶属度,将风险事件的权重与风险事件对风险水平的隶属度进行模糊综合运算,可得出掘进施工的总体风险水平,最后通过算例进行实证研究,评价结果基本能反映实际情况。     

初探我国Argo浮标下潜深度标定

为了使剖面能停留在预定深度,通过水静力学角度对相应的浮标压载标定方法进行研究.试验表明,浮标重量改变1 g,就会造成大约10 m停留深度的变化.论文详细描述了用压力罐进行浮标压载重量标定的方法,并通过一台浮标的压载实验给出浮标配重计算方法.     

应用合成地震记录确定南黄海北部盆地中生代地层的分布

黄海海域是我国近海目前唯一尚未获得商业性油气发现的海域,海域内发育了3个中新生代含油气盆地,目前已在北部盆地中生代泰州组地层中发现了油气显示。过去由于受资料所限,对盆地的油气资源评价,多关注于第三纪盆地,忽视了中生代盆地的油气资源远景。作者通过对南黄海北部盆地已钻遇中生代泰州组地层的钻井和过井数字地震剖面的追踪对比,结合4km×8km地震测网和重、磁资料综合解释,认为中生代盆地同样具有良好的含油气远景,特别是盆地的东北凹,中生代地层沉积厚度大,分布范围广,具有较好的油气资源远景。     

文昌鱼头部cDNA文库的构建

采用cDNA合成技术制备文昌鱼头部cDNA基因文库.以mRNA为模板,用NotI primer-Adaptor为引物,在反转录酶的作用下,合成第一链cDNA,进而合成第二链cDNA.含有EcoRI和NotI粘性末端的双链cDNA在T4DNA连接酶作用下与λgt11 EcoRI/NotI臂相连,包装蛋白包装,得到噬菌体颗粒,即原始的文昌鱼头部cDNA文库.经X-Gal/IPTG板测定, 该文库滴度为7.8×105 pfu/cm3,重组率为70%.cDNA文库可直接应用于目的基因筛选.     

东海深部地层时深转换关系的分段优化拟合

在将钻井垂直地震剖面(VSP)数据的时深拟合公式应用于深部地层的时深转换时,拟合深度与计算的层速度常常不够准确。本文首先利用多项式和幂函数给出了东海陆架盆地中部某凹陷41口钻井VSP数据的时深拟合公式,并用双程旅行时(TWT)最深达8 s的三维地震速度体数据与多道地震剖面对拟合公式在深部地层的适用性进行分析。在TWT为8 s时,速度体数据表明41口钻井位置的平均深度为18 140 m,平均层速度为6 208 m/s,二次多项式的平均拟合深度较之偏高9.2%,计算的层速度偏高36.2%,幂函数则分别偏低28.9%与35.6%,拟合效果都不理想。对此,本文采用通过识别VSP数据的增速拐点并对增速拐点前的VSP数据进行二次多项式拟合,对增速拐点后的VSP数据进行幂函数拟合的分段拟合模型,将TWT为8 s时的平均拟合深度和层速度的误差降到3.3%与4.7%。地震剖面显示研究区莫霍面深度约为TWT=11 s,分段拟合模型在TWT=11 s的平均拟合深度为27 516 m,层速度为7 334 m/s,更接近前人研究成果,表明该模型能显著提高深部地层时深转换的精度。     

河北及甘肃地电阻率年变幅斜率映震分析

以河北省昌黎、阳原地震台和甘肃省嘉峪关、山丹地震台地电阻率记录为研究对象,利用2002-2016年地电阻率年变幅,进行斜率合成计算,并根据中国大陆东西部地震活动水平,提取甘肃地震台站周边300 km范围内M ≥ 5.0地震、河北地震台站周边250 km范围内M ≥ 4.0地震,得到15个震例,与计算结果对应分析,发现映震率为70%,且地震一般发生在1年尺度的下降期、2年尺度的下降转上升期、3-5年低值背景期,而异常幅度没有统一标准,只是异常趋势的相对变化。     

Research of Background Noise Characteristics of the Zhangzhou Seismic Array

The data recorded during the site survey in the Zhangzhou area in Fujian Province between October 23, 2007 and December 3, 2007 was analyzed. The main methods adopted for the noise level of this area are the noise root mean square (RMS), noise power spectrum density and noise coherency function. The results indicate that the noise levels of the survey sites are higher in the 1s-10s periods, which is the main frequency band of preliminary microseism, and also, two main noise sources were found in 1.5Hz and around 5Hz. According to arithmetic, the direction and frequency band of the noise source were analyzed and academic proofs were presented. At last, we found that the noise source in 1.5Hz was made by the water wave aroused by the wind in the reservoir region and the noise source around 5Hz was made by the power station in the northeast direction.