视超光速射电节点的频谱演化:持续供能的喷流—激波模型

本文提出一个持续供能的喷流—激波模型来解释视超光速射电节点频谱演化的普遍特性．理论计算指出，射电爆发频谱的反转频率νm和频谱极大流量Sm之间的关系具有典型的3阶段演化方式，并且与类星体3C345中观测到的视超光速节点C4的演化行为相当好地符合．令Sm∝ν，则在上升阶段ζ≤3；在平坦变化阶段ζ≈0，而在衰减阶段ζ≈1．爆发幅度和流量极大的迟后时间对频率的关系△Smax（ν）和△t（ν），都具有Blazar天体中观测到的射电爆发的普遍形式．本文提出的激波模型，考虑到驱动气体的持续注入和激波后等离子体的绝热膨胀．因此提供了对相对论喷流中激波形成和演化的物理原因更深入的理解．并对Blazar天体中视超光速节点频谱演化提出了新的解释．     

An interpretation of the semicircular structure of the supernova remnant CTB-109

The supernova exploded at the boundary of a dense molecular cloud in a diffuse gas. The eastern half of the shock wave entered the diffuse gas and is now in the stage of adiabatic expansion, forming the observed semicircular remnant; the western half entered the dense cloud, moved at a much slower speed and is now in the pressure-driven snowplow phase, the radiation it emits is in the uv, and is completely absorbed by the interstellar gas along the line of sight.     

A hard X-ray survey of the Sagittarius Arm tangent with the IBIS telescope of the INTEGRAL observatory: A catalog of sources

We analyze the images of the Sagittarius Arm tangent obtained with the IBIS telescope of the INTEGRAL observatory in the energy range 18–120 keV during its observations in the spring of 2003. We detected 28 sources at a statistically significant level with fluxes above 1.4 mCrab in the energy range 18–60 keV. Of these sources, 16 were previously identified as binaries of various classes in our Galaxy, 3 were identified as extragalactic objects, 2 were identified as pulsars in supernova remnants, and 7 sources were of an unknown nature. These observations revealed three new sources. A statistically significant flux in the energy range 60–120 keV was recorded from 13 sources.     

The physics of E × B-drifting jets

E × B-drifting jets have been generally ignored for the past 25 years even though they may well describe all the astrophysical jet sources, both on galactic and stellar scales. Here we present closed-form solutions for their joint field-and-particle distribution, argue that the observed jets are near equipartition, with extremely relativistic, monoenergetic e^±-pairs of bulk Lorentz factor γ ≲ 10⁴, and are first-order stable. We describe plausible mechanisms for the jets’ (i) formation, (ii) propagation, and (iii) termination. Wherever a beam meets with resistance, its frozen-in Poynting flux transforms the delta-shaped energy distribution of the pairs into an almost white power law,E ² N _E ∼E ^−∫ with ∫ ≳ 0, via single-step falls through the huge convected potential.     

多源、多类、多时态非线性数据处理的整体降维解算

针对当今各国十分关注、大力倡导的“数字地球”、“数字国家”、“数字矿山”等科学工程构建中的多源，多维、多类型，多时态，多糖度并具有非线性特征的数据处理，及其函数模型中同时包含有非随机参数和随机参数，而随机参数又常常是随时间动态变化的情况，如仍采用经典的最小二乘处理方法或一般的非线性最小二乘数据处理方法，是不准确、不科学的。为此，提出了一种新的数据处理方法，即广州非线性动态最小二乘数据处理方法。针对广州非线最小二乘问题维数高的特殊结构，在已研究提出的分离迭代求解模型的基础上，提出了另一种新的整体降维解算的模型和算法，使原问题庞大的高维方程组的解算得以简化，将待求参数分离求解，大大减少了计算工作量，为多源，多维，多类型，多时态，多精度的非线性数据处理开辟了另一新途径。     

Observations of the X-ray pulsar GX 301-2 with the ART-P telescope of the GRANAT Observatory

The variability of the X-ray flux from the pulsar GX 301-2 is analyzed by using data from the ART-P telescope of the GRANAT Observatory. The intensity variations with time scales of several thousand seconds are studied at various orbital phases. The high-state flux from the source exceeds its low-state flux by as much as a factor of 10. The hardness and spectrum of the source are shown to change greatly with its intensity. These intensity variations are most likely caused by substantial inhomogeneities in the stellar wind from the companion star.     

SNAD transient miner: Finding missed transient events in ZTF DR4 using k-D trees

We report the automatic detection of 11 transients (7 possible supernovae and 4 active galactic nuclei candidates) within the Zwicky Transient Facility fourth data release (ZTF DR4), all of them observed in 2018 and absent from public catalogs. Among these, three were not part of the ZTF alert stream. Our transient mining strategy employs 41 physically motivated features extracted from both real light curves and four simulated light curve models (SN Ia, SN II, TDE, SLSN-I). These features are input to a k-D tree algorithm, from which we calculate the 15 nearest neighbors. After pre-processing and selection cuts, our dataset contained approximately a million objects among which we visually inspected the 105 closest neighbors from seven of our brightest, most well-sampled simulations, comprising 89 unique ZTF DR4 sources. Our result illustrates the potential of coherently incorporating domain knowledge and automatic learning algorithms, which is one of the guiding principles directing the SNAD team. It also demonstrates that the ZTF DR is a suitable testing ground for data mining algorithms aiming to prepare for the next generation of astronomical data.     

基于行业分类的长江经济带工业用地供应 规模的时空演化

基于中国土地市场网的2010—2018年土地供应结果数据,运用空间分布重心、区位基尼系数和核密度估计法以长江经济带为例开展了各工业行业用地供应规模的时空演化研究,并探究了不同发展阶段下工业用地供给特征。结果表明：（1）长江经济带各行业用地规模均呈波动性下降态势,而工业配套服务业用地却呈上升趋势。（2）长江上游地区各产业的用地规模增长受到了限制。长江中游地区工业化发展模式正在发生改变,由土地宽供应保增长的发展模式转变为依靠基础设施的拉投资保增长。长江下游地区的各产业处于转型升级形成新集聚阶段,开始了新一轮的产业生产。（3）研究期间,采掘业、其他工业和原材料加工业用地空间上相对集聚演变,能源供应工业、高新技术工业、工业配套服务业、食品轻纺业和现代制造业用地空间上相对均衡演变。（4）处于工业化中期和工业化后期的区域出让工业用地受政治经济环境的影响较大;不同发展阶段的区域平均供地规模和供地行业不同,区域发展阶段越高,对工业用地的需求越大。     

星地无线电双向时间比对法误差源分析

本文简要介绍了星地无线电双向时间比对法的基本原理,给出其地心惯性系中计算模型,分析了各种误差源对星地间相对钟差的影响,计算了在几种计算精度下卫星和地面站位置和速度误差所需要达到的精度.结果表明:影响星地无线电双向法精度的主要误差源为设备时延误差和电离层延迟误差,而由于卫星和地面站位置不准确引起的误差相对较小;对于电离层...     

引洮工程15~#饱和黄土隧洞主要病害及防治措施

以甘肃省引洮工程总干渠15#引水隧洞施工实践为例,分析了隧洞所在标段饱和黄土的主要工程地质条件,着重研究了在隧洞施工过程中遇到的围岩塌方、拱架变形、涌水等不良地质现象并提出了预防和处理措施,并且通过对桩号为105+166安装的围岩变形观测试验数据分析得到了饱和黄土隧洞变形的一般规律,为施工中何时进行二次支护提供科学的依据。