基于自动站观测的北京夏季降水特征

应用2007~2011年北京地区237个自动气象站资料,分析了北京夏季降水的精细化时空分布特征及城郊差异,结果表明:(1)北京大部分地区夏季平均有效降水时数约120~160 h,降水时数高值区主要位于北部怀柔、密云山前迎风坡一带。城、郊区间有效降水时数差异并不明显,城市化对局地降水强度有较明显影响。(2)北京夏季降水主要出现在傍晚到前半夜,凌晨到正午降水较少出现。夏季平均降水量极大值出现在17:00(北京时间),为3.2 mm/h。降水量存在较明显的周期变化特征,其中7 d左右的周期是主周期。(3)夏季城区平均降水量多于郊区,城、郊雨量差异主要来自较强降水过程。城市效应会导致城区弱降水事件的减少,亦会导致较强降水事件的增多。(4)城、郊区间降水持续时长的差异主要由较强降水过程决定,多数情况下城区降水持续时长大于郊区,午后到前半夜发生的降水尤甚。     

Comparison of catchment and network delineation approaches in complex suburban environments: application to the Chaudanne catchment,France

Suburban areas are subject to strong anthropogenic modifications, which can influence hydrological processes. Sewer systems, ditches, sewer overflow devices and retention basins are introduced and large surface areas are sealed off. The knowledge of accurate flow paths and watershed boundaries in these suburban areas is important for storm water management, hydrological modelling and hydrological data analysis. This study proposes a new method for the determination of the drainage network based on time efficient field investigations and integration of sewer system maps into the drainage network for small catchments of up to 10 km². A new method is also proposed for the delineation of subcatchments and thus the catchment area. The subcatchments are delineated using a combination of an object‐oriented approach in the urban zone and geographical information system–based terrain analysis with flow direction forcing in the rural zone. The method is applied to the Chaudanne catchment, which belongs to the Yzeron river network and is located in the suburban area of Lyon, France. The resulting subcatchment map gives information about subcatchment response and contribution. The method is compared with six other automatic catchment delineation methods based on stream burning, flow direction forcing and calculation of subcatchments for inlet points. None of the automatic methods could correctly represent the catchment area and flow paths observed in the field. The watershed area calculated with these methods differs by as much as 25% from the area computed with the new method. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

上海国际航运中心集装箱深水港岩土工程概况

文章概述上海国际航运中心集装箱深水港的定位，港址和跨海大桥地区基底地质、区域稳定性及松散堆积层的岩土工程基本特征。     

上海城市游憩者流动行为研究

由参与游憩活动的本地居民和外来游客共同构成城市游憩者。城市游憩者在空间上的流动规律将影响城市游憩设施和旅游资源的开发管理。通过旅行测定手段获得基本数据，运用游憩活动空间和使用曲线分析技术，研究上海城市游憩者的流动规律。     

论上海汽车产业集群的现状及发展

产业集群是产业空间组织革命的结果?从组织结构变革的角度看，由于以使用柔性技术及复杂的生产网络为特点的柔性化生产方式逐渐取代了刚性生产方式，产业集聚的空问状态也相应从区域内大企业组织的垂直层级结构逐渐向本地化的企业网络结构转变。目前，上海汽车产业内组织结构仍以垂直一体化的层级结构为主．随着生产规模的不断扩大以及上海通用的进入及发展，更加推动了区域内的供货商体系的变革，地方性供货网络得到进一步发展，与区域外汽车企业的联系更加紧密且形式也从单纯的引进技术、资金转向信息交流、人才培训等。     

软土覆盖层地震面波的地震动反应及台湾8级地震对上海高层建筑影响的估计

用2002年3月31日台湾Ms7．5地震时上海地区软土地表和基岩记录的加速度资料讨论了地表软土覆盖层面波的地震动反应，并用经验格林函数法合成了台湾未来8级大地震在上海基岩和土层处的面波加速度时程，初步估计了其对高层建筑的影响。其结果对上海的工程抗震设计有参考价值。     

GIS-BASED STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EARTHQUAKES AND ACTIVE FAULTS IN SHANGHAI AND ITS ADJACENT OFFSHORE REGION, EAST CHINA

The relation between earthquakes and active faults in Shanghai and its adjacent offshore region is quantitatively evaluated using GIS-based buffer and overlay analysis techniques. Statistics on the distance from the epicenter of an earthquake to its nearest active fault suggest that most earthquakes in the study are aoccurred within 10 to 20 km of major active faults. The strikes of active faults have significant influences on the occurrence of earthquakes. The NE-NNE-striked faults are less active than NW-NNW- or EW-striked faults. Along the NW-NNW- or EW-striked faults, the frequency of earthquakes is much higher than that along NE-NNE-striked faults. The time of fault activity has some degree of influence on the earthquakes. The newer the faults, the higher the frequency of earthquakes within the zone of the faults.     

上海地面沉降研究综述

对上海50余年的地面沉降研究工作进行了回顾与初步总结。     

上海市工程地质结构特征

根据前人的研究,结合三维城市地质调查取得的阶段成果,对上海市域工程地质研究程度、工程地质层的划分及其工程地质结构特征、工程地质分区及分区评价进行了论述。     

当前我国港口发展条件分析：兼论上海国际航运中心

本文根据我国社会主义市场经济体制及国际上船舶大型化与海洋货运集装箱化趋势,详细讨论了当前和２１世纪初我国港口发展条件。认为社会、经济条件及人为作用对我国港口发展将起来越来越大的作用,传统的“以港兴市”概念已不尽适用。建设上海国际航运中心是国港口建设中的一件大事。上海国际航运中心将以组合港形式组建,包括一个中心港,即上海港,两个次中心港,即北仑港和太仑港,以及若干主要的支线港和喂给港。各港应合理分