西藏墨脱公路工程地质灾害遥感勘察与解译方法

在地处南迦巴瓦峰地区的西藏墨脱公路工程地质遥感勘察中，以Landsat-7 ETM＋卫星影像为信息源，运用彩色合成、数据融合、主成分分析等数字图像处理方法，结合基于地学知识的图像识别及解译技术，对墨脱公路沿线的泥石流、滑坡、活动断裂等地质灾害进行全面解译分析及专题制图，查明了公路方案线区域内活动断裂发育特征。其中，帕隆藏布断裂带、岗日嘎布断裂带等对错拉隧道将产生较大影响。大型滑坡主要有5个，沿南迦巴瓦峰南坡的雅鲁藏布江河谷两岸发育，分布在仓孔、墨脱及洒拉库等地。泥石流、崩塌广泛发育，主要分布在雅鲁藏布江河谷、帕隆藏布河谷沿线的派、拉格-汗密、岗乡-波密一带。勘察及解译结果为墨脱公路工程线路方案选择、工程地质条件评价提供了充分的科学依据。     

A vector‐valued ground motion intensity measure consisting of spectral acceleration and epsilon

The ‘strength’ of an earthquake ground motion is often quantified by an Intensity Measure (IM), such as peak ground acceleration or spectral acceleration at a given period. This IM is used to predict the response of a structure. In this paper an intensity measure consisting of two parameters, spectral acceleration and epsilon, is considered. The IM is termed a vector‐valued IM, as opposed to the single parameter, or scalar, IMs that are traditionally used. Epsilon (defined as a measure of the difference between the spectral acceleration of a record and the mean of a ground motion prediction equation at the given period) is found to have significant ability to predict structural response. It is shown that epsilon is an indicator of spectral shape, explaining why it is related to structural response. By incorporating this vector‐valued IM with a vector‐valued ground motion hazard, we can predict the mean annual frequency of exceeding a given value of maximum interstory drift ratio, or other such response measure. It is shown that neglecting the effect of epsilon when computing this drift hazard curve leads to conservative estimates of the response of the structure. These observations should perhaps affect record selection in the future. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Breeding habitat selection by houbara bustard (Chlamydotis[undulata] macqueenii) in Mori, Xinjiang, China

The breeding habitat selection by houbara bustards in Mori, Xinjiang, China duringthe breeding seasons from April to June 1998-2000 was studied. Most of habitats chosen forbreeding were short sub-shrubby and open areas close to high bushy patches. The nesting re-males clearly prefer Iow covered areas and avoid densely covered and high vegetation sites. Thenumber of herb species was significantly smaller at nest sites than at randomly selected sites.Only the distance to the closest fox den contributed the most to discrimination between successfuland predated nests. The average distance to the closest fox den was significantly longer at suc-cessful nests than at depredated nests. Vegetative density, plant species richness, topography anddistance to the closest fox den are possibly the most important factors that determined the nestsites selection of houbara bustard. The displaying males clearly prefer Iow covered areas andavoid densely covered and high vegetation sites. The vegetation density and number of plant spe-cies at display sites was significantly lower than that at randomly selected sites. The average dis-tance to the closest bushy patch was significantly shorter at display sites than at random sites.Plant species richness, vegetative density, vegetative cover and distance to the bushy patches arepossibly the most important factors for the display sites selection of houbara bustard.     

岩体变形参数渐变取值模型及工程应用

分析了当前岩体现场试验、变形参数取值和常规计算模式存在的问题。针对河谷、斜坡岩体从表部到深部 ,岩体风化、岩体波速和岩体地应力等彼此均呈现渐变性特征 ,提出了岩体变形参数渐变取值模型 ,并以黄河上游李家峡水电站初期蓄水监测资料 ,论证了岩体变形参数空间上连续性渐变取值的合理性和科学性 ,对今后其它岩体工程的力学参数取值和计算模型的概化提供了指导意义.     

沁水盆地煤层气高渗富集区遥感研究

本文针对我国煤层气地质选区中,如何引进新技术、采用综合勘探策略、提高勘探效益、降低勘探成本这一问题,以我国煤层气最具开发潜力的沁水盆地(面积5万km2)为例,阐述了应用遥感技术研究地质构造特征,寻找地下煤层裂隙发育区,探测煤层气高渗富集区的工作程序、方法和效果。选区结果目前已得到十多个煤层气试验井的证实。     

城市居民住宅区位选择的因子分析

随着我国住房制度的改革 ,城市居民个人消费成为我国房地产市场的消费主体 ,居民对住宅区位选择行为由过去的被动接受转变为主动选择。本文主要研究在这种新的住房制度下 ,影响城市居民住宅区位选择的因子。作者认为 ,房价的高低、住宅区位的交通通达性、环境条件是决定城市居民住宅区位选择的客观条件 ,居民自身的社会、经济、文化等特征、以及对不同住宅区位和环境的偏好也左右着住宅区位选择过程和结果。     

汛期旱涝趋势预测因子的选择和信息综合及应用

建立在统计模型基础上的旱涝趋势预测的稳定性和准确性, 依赖于预测因子的选择和综合。该文在选择前期预测因子时, 既考虑了因子的物理意义, 又从尺度对应原理出发, 对与预测对象相应时间尺度的因子作综合处理, 最大程度保留了可用预测信息。对长江三角洲汛期降水场进行试验比较, 证明该方法能显著提高预测技巧。     

ISI数据库及其期刊评价介绍——兼论我国测绘期刊加入ISI的应对措施

对 ISI数据库的编辑、出版情况作了简要介绍。从基本期刊标准、编辑内容、国际性和引文分析等方面 ,详细说明了 ISI选择期刊的步骤。针对我国期刊的现状 ,提出了相应的提高期刊质量 ,争取加入 ISI数据库的应对措施。     

正交变换的信息特征分析与选择的研究

对测绘模式识别理论进行研究，特别是对信息特征选择的理论与方法进行分析，在最小均方误差（MSE）准则下，建立了信息特征选择的优化理论模型，并给出解算结果，从而指出了卡南－洛伊夫变换（KLT）是信息特征选择的最优正交变换。根据信息论中熵函数的思想，建立一种新的熵函数－第二表示熵，用它分析KLT下的信息特征及KLT后特征值的信息载荷，从而当给出误差限后，提出信息特征优化选择的一种算法。最后给出在测绘模式识别中的应用模型及算例。     

跨国公司对华直接投资区位选择战略分析

区位因素是影响跨国公司制定对外直接投资战略的重要因素之一。本文以香港、澳门、日本、韩国、美国、德国等国家和地区为代表，分析了跨国公司对华直接投资的动机及区位选择战略，在此基础上提出加入WTO之后中国企业海外直接投资的区位选择战略。