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121.
Selection of sand models and identification of parameters using an enhanced genetic algorithm
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Numerous constitutive models of granular soils have been developed during the last few decades. As a consequence, how to select an appropriate model with the necessary features based on conventional tests and with an easy way of identifying parameters for geotechnical applications has become a major issue. This paper aims to discuss the selection of sand models and parameters identification by using genetic algorithm. A real‐coded genetic algorithm is enhanced for the optimization with high efficiency. Models with gradually varying features (elastic‐perfectly plastic modelling, nonlinear stress–strain hardening, critical state concept and two‐surface concept) are selected from numerous sand models as examples for optimization. Conventional triaxial tests on Hostun sand are selected as the objectives in the optimization. Four key points are then discussed in turn: (i) which features are necessary to be accounted for in constitutive modelling of sand; (ii) which type of tests (drained and/or undrained) should be selected for an optimal identification of parameters; (iii) what is the minimum number of tests that should be selected for parameter identification; and (iv) what is the suitable and least strain level of objective tests to obtain reliable and reasonable parameters. Finally, a useful guide, based on all comparisons, is provided at the end of the discussion. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Konstantinos I. Andrianopoulos Achilleas G. Papadimitriou George D. Bouckovalas 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2010,34(15):1586-1614
This paper presents a new plasticity model developed for the simulation of monotonic and cyclic loading of non‐cohesive soils and its implementation to the commercial finite‐difference code FLAC, using its User‐Defined‐Model (UDM) capability. The new model incorporates the framework of Critical State Soil Mechanics, while it relies upon bounding surface plasticity with a vanished elastic region to simulate the non‐linear soil response. Stress integration of constitutive relations is performed using a recently proposed explicit scheme with automatic error control and substepping, which so far has been employed in the literature only for constitutive models aiming at monotonic loading. The overall accuracy of this scheme is evaluated at element level by simulating cyclic loading along complex stress paths and by using iso‐error maps for paths involving change of the Lode angle. The performance of the new constitutive model and its stress integration scheme in complex boundary value problems involving earthquake‐induced liquefaction is evaluated, in terms of accuracy and computational cost, via a number of parametric analyses inspired by the successful simulation of the VELACS centrifuge Model Test No. 2 studying the lateral spreading response of a liquefied sand layer. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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You Lilan Liu Dajie Huang Jia'na Liu Xue Zhou KechangInstitute of Crustat Dynamics SSB Beijing China Wuhan Technical University of Surveying Mapping Wuhan China National Center for Seismic Data Inforraanon SSB Beijing China 《中国地震研究》1994,(3)
This paper makes a probe into the application of the Kalman filtering method to the data processing of across-fault measurements.On the basis of statistical regression,the mathematic and stochastic models of filtration are established by combining the regression method with Kalman filtering.In the filtering computation,not only the randomness of fault movements but also the time-dependent variation of environmental effects have been taken into consideration.By use of the adaptive filtering method,an estimation of the dynamic noise variance matrix is obtained through iteration.Models for one measuring line(leveling line or baseline),two measuring lines(both leveling lines or both baselines)and four measuring lines(two leveling lines and two baselines)are derived and established systematically.By means of these models,the data of across-fault measurements can be processed dynamically in real-time to provide the filtered values of height difference between benchmarks or baseline length at different time in 相似文献
125.
通过横流太平洋往返两个航次随船调查,研究了采用气象导航对减少燃油消耗和保证船舶安全、班期等,不但有定的经济效益,而且是一种非常有效的航运管理方法。 相似文献
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The Holocence paleolimnology of Lake Sämbosjön is described using geochemical and diatom analyses. The objective of this study is the reconstruction of major changes in trophic state and productivity, and to interpret the major causative processes. The accumulation of organic matter indicates a relatively high productivity in early Holocene, and the diatom analysis indicates a relatively high trophic state and pH. A succeeding decrease in productivity and trophic state and lowering in pH is recorded from about 8000 BP. If lake development had been primarily edaphically conditioned, viz. determined by nutrient supply from catchment soils, such a progressive oligotrophication would represent the common development of temperate lakes. Between about 6000 BP and 4000 BP Lake Sämbosjön was characterized by relatively stable productivity and pH. From about 4000 BP the analyses reveal an increase again in trophic state, productivity, and in pH. This eutrophication, which continued throughout the late Holocene, was caused by an exceptionally strong human influence on the catchment of Lake Sämbosjön. The increased supply of nutrients from cleared and deforested catchment soils changed the trophic state and provided the basis for increased lake productivity. 相似文献
128.
澜沧—耿马地震震源动力学参数研究 总被引:8,自引:5,他引:8
本文使用沧澜—耿马地震主震后在震区建立的数字地震仪记录,用波谱法测算澜沧—耿马余震的震源动力学参数。就这些参数的统计特征,对该双主震型两主震区的地下介质不同状态予以讨论。 相似文献
129.
在我国东部沿海修建地下水封石洞油库若干问题的探讨 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
随着我国大陆架油、气田不断被发掘、开采,石油储运问题已指日可待。我国海岸线的基岩岸约占全长的2/3以上,其中,块状结晶岩体又占基岩岸的一半以上,这就给水封油库的布置提供了良好的基础。在油库的选择和兴建中,应加强对建库岩体和主要结构面、地应力及其分布的充分研究,以期能对洞库稳定问题、地下水位及水量的合理确定问题有所裨盖、 相似文献
130.