校园地理信息系统的设计与实现

随着信息化技术和高校信息化建设的迅速发展,在现代高校规划和管理建设中,建立数字化校园地理信息系统已成为一种趋势。本文以山东科技大学校园地理信息系统为例,基于校园信息服务的基本需求,并结合Arcgis Engine进行GIS二次开发,设计了集成化的校园地理信息系统,实现校园浏览和查询以及空间分析等功能,给学校师生提供便捷、优质、实时的校园信息服务,加快了学校数字化建设的进程,提高了学校对外宣传的影响力。     

基于动态化简的多源数据相似性评估

随着空间数据获取手段和途径的丰富,多源数据的差异性对数据更新的影响一直备受关注。本文提出一种基于动态化简的多源空间数据相似性评估方法。首先,将多个来源数据分别与参考数据用传统方法进行匹配;其次,利用加入动态化简的匹配方法对多源数据重新匹配;最后,分析上述两次匹配结果的差异,从数据匹配的角度出发,通过整体一致性和数据详细程度评估对数据匹配质量进行对比,根据获取的评估结果实现更新数据的选择。通过实验和分析,验证了本文方法的科学性和可操作性。     

空间构件形位检测方法与技术进展

精密工程与工业测量技术应用领域拓展及其与工业计量测试技术的交叉融合,衍生出"空间构件形位检测"技术、方法与系统。本文详细论述了"空间构件"与"形位检测"的定义及范畴,依测量原理将大尺寸空间构件形位检测技术归纳为正交系测量系统、空间支导线测量系统、三角法测量系统和球坐标法测量系统等,综述了各类测量系统和软件的技术进展,分析指出了狭长或超大空间、恶劣环境、目标动态变化等条件下的形位检测难题。     

基于Spark Streaming的实时流数据处理模型化研究与实现

通过研究与分析,选取Spark Streaming技术实现对P实时流数据的处理.同时,研究出一套模型化的方式,实现动态装配软件的执行过程;并通过具体的实例展示了两者结合后,在数据处理的易用性、性能及吞吐量方面,都得到了大幅提升.     

Monitoring canopy growth and grain yield of paddy rice in South Korea by using the GRAMI model and high spatial resolution imagery

Monitoring crop conditions and forecasting crop yields are both important for assessing crop production and for determining appropriate agricultural management practices; however, remote sensing is limited by the resolution, timing, and coverage of satellite images, and crop modeling is limited in its application at regional scales. To resolve these issues, the Gramineae (GRAMI)-rice model, which utilizes remote sensing data, was used in an effort to combine the complementary techniques of remote sensing and crop modeling. The model was then investigated for its capability to monitor canopy growth and estimate the grain yield of rice (Oryza sativa), at both the field and the regional scales, by using remote sensing images with high spatial resolution. The field scale investigation was performed using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images, and the regional-scale investigation was performed using RapidEye satellite images. Simulated grain yields at the field scale were not significantly different (p = 0.45, p = 0.27, and p = 0.52) from the corresponding measured grain yields according to paired t-tests (α = 0.05). The model’s projections of grain yield at the regional scale represented the spatial grain yield variation of the corresponding field conditions to within ±1 standard deviation. Therefore, based on mapping the growth and grain yield of rice at both field and regional scales of interest within coverages of a UAV or the RapidEye satellite, our results demonstrate the applicability of the GRAMI-rice model to the monitoring and prediction of rice growth and grain yield at different spatial scales. In addition, the GRAMI-rice model is capable of reproducing seasonal variations in rice growth and grain yield at different spatial scales.     

Multi‐scale approach to mining significant spatial co‐location patterns

Spatial co‐location pattern mining aims to discover a collection of Boolean spatial features, which are frequently located in close geographic proximity to each other. Existing methods for identifying spatial co‐location patterns usually require users to specify two thresholds, i.e. the prevalence threshold for measuring the prevalence of candidate co‐location patterns and distance threshold to search the spatial co‐location patterns. However, these two thresholds are difficult to determine in practice, and improper thresholds may lead to the misidentification of useful patterns and the incorrect reporting of meaningless patterns. The multi‐scale approach proposed in this study overcomes this limitation. Initially, the prevalence of candidate co‐location patterns is measured statistically by using a significance test, and a non‐parametric model is developed to construct the null distribution of features with the consideration of spatial auto‐correlation. Next, the spatial co‐location patterns are explored at multi‐scales instead of single scale (or distance threshold) discovery. The validity of the co‐location patterns is evaluated based on the concept of lifetime. Experiments on both synthetic and ecological datasets show that spatial co‐location patterns are discovered correctly and completely by using the proposed method; on the other hand, the subjectivity in discovery of spatial co‐location patterns is reduced significantly.     

基于GIS空间统计分析的广电收视率评估研究——以北京市广电收视覆盖分析系统为例

本文将GIS空间信息统计分析手段应用于广播电视收视率的评估,以层次分析法为基础进行改进,采用抽样调查的方法确定权重,提出较为合理的基于空间信息统计方法的广电人口覆盖分布模型并加以软件实现。以北京市为研究区域,经导入多个版本人口数据实验,发现这种评估方式较好地修正了传统的仅仅按照面积评估覆盖率的评估模型,对于提高广电行业的信息化管理水平具有一定意义。     

地面移动测量技术的发展与现状

地面移动测量技术是当前倍受关注的测量前沿技术。本文论述了地面移动测量技术的基本原理和特点，回顾了该技术的发展历史，总结了国内外研究现状，展望了今后的发展趋势与应用前景，并对研究、发展和应用这一技术提出了建议。     

树状河系主流的自动推理

分析了不同类型河系的空间特征,对非网状河系以180°假设和锐角假设为基础,改进了自动确定河段流向的定量化决策表,当出现流向冲突时,遵守少数服从多数的原则。参考河段的流向、节点处分支河段的累计河段数和累计长度,能自动推理出树状河系的主支流关系。在此基础上,进一步研究了树状河系的编码方法,并用实例验证了所提出的算法。     

空间数据库辅助设计系统的探析与实现

地理信息标准化是很漫长的道路,在实践中常常由于规范性的缺乏而带来很多问题.本文试从提高数据字典的通用性、灵活性和可维护性角度出发,提出了通用基础地理信息数据字典系统的概念,并从规范数据生产过程的角度出发,产生了建立一套全新独立的、由向导生成的数据字典建库方案流程的思路.最后根据以上思路研制开发了空间数据库辅助设计系统.