川北甘南地区三叠纪岩相古地理与成矿

川北甘南地区三叠纪时期沉积的岩相古地理明显地划分为早一中三叠世早期（安尼期），扬子大陆西缘台地相碳酸盐岩沉积；和中三叠世晚期（拉丁期）到晚三叠世中期（诺利期），特提斯边缘裂陷海槽浊流相碎屑岩沉积两个迥然不同发展阶段。金和伴生多金属组分来自边缘古陆，而边缘台地相白云岩化阶段和海湾相粉砂－粘土矿物沉积阶段是促成金矿初始富集的最佳环境。     

Numerical inversion of deformation caused by pressure sources: application to Mount Etna (Italy)

The interpretation of geodetic data in volcanic areas is usually based on analytical deformation models. Although numerical finite element (FE) modelling allows realistic features such as topography and crustal heterogeneities to be included, the technique is not computationally convenient for solving inverse problems using classical methods. In this paper, we develop a general tool to perform inversions of geodetic data by means of 3-D FE models. The forward model is a library of numerical displacement solutions, where each entry of the library is the surface displacement due to a single stress component applied to an element of the grid. The final solution is a weighted combination of the six stress components applied to a single element-source. The pre-computed forward models are implemented in a global search algorithm, followed by an appraisal of the sampled solutions. After providing extended testing, we apply the method to model the 1993–1997 inflation phase at Mt Etna, documented by GPS and EDM measurements. We consider four different forward libraries, computed in models characterized by homogeneous/heterogeneous medium and flat/topographic free surface. Our results suggest that the elastic heterogeneities of the medium can significantly alter the position of the inferred source, while the topography has minor effect.     

Impact of wildfire on source water contributions in Devil Creek,CA: evidence from end‐member mixing analysis

A geochemical and end‐member mixing analysis (EMMA) is undertaken in Devil Canyon catchment, located in southern California, to further understanding of watershed behaviour and source water contributions after an acute and extensive wildfire. Physical and chemical transformations in post‐fire watersheds are known to increase overland flow and decrease infiltration, mainly due to formation of a hydrophobic layer at, or near, the soil surface. However, less is known about subsurface flow response in burned watersheds. The current study incorporates EMMA to evaluate and quantify source water contributions before, and after, a catchment affected by wildfires in southern California during the fall of 2003. Pre‐ and post‐fire stream water data were available at several sampling sites within the catchment, allowing the identification of contributing water sources at varying spatial scales. Proposed end‐member observations (groundwater, overland flow, shallow subsurface flow) were also collected to constrain and develop the catchment mixing model. Post‐fire source water changes are more evident in the smaller and faster responding sub‐basin (interior sampling point). Early post‐fire storm events are dominated by overland flow with no significant soil water or groundwater flow contribution. Inter‐storm streamwater in this smaller basin shows an increase in groundwater and a decrease in soil water. In the larger, baseflow‐dominated system, source water components appear less affected by fire. A slight increase in lateral flow is observed with only a slight decrease in baseflow. Changes in the post‐fire flow regimes affect nutrient loading and chemical response of the basin. Relatively rapid recovery of the chaparral ecosystem is evidenced, with active re‐growth and evapotranspiration evidenced by the fourth post‐fire rainy season. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Crystal Structure and Geometry-Optimization Study of N-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldene)-4-aminoantipyrme

N-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldene)-4-aminoantipyrine has been synthesized. The structure is determined by X-ray diffraction method and elemental analysis. The crystal system belongs to orthorhombic space group P(2)2(1)2(1). The geometry has been ob-tained from the density functional theory (DFT) method and the B3LYP method employing the 6-31G* basis sets. The calculated results propose that the latter is close to the experimental data. The structural parameters from the theory are close to those of the crystal and the calculated total energy of coordination is -31677.172 eV. The energy of HOMO and LUMO and the energy gap are 5.179 eV, -1.603 eV and 3.577 eV, respectively.     

海洋垂直重力梯度异常的计算及其在地形反演中的应用

将测高重力异常、局部大地水准面和垂线偏差作为输入数据,计算海洋垂直重力梯度异常。以中西太平洋海域作为研究对象,对垂直重力梯度异常和海底地形的相关性进行分析,在20~200 km波段范围内利用梯度异常推估海底地形。结果表明,反演地形的相对精度在7.14%左右,在多海山地区精度较差。     

基于整合理论的高校教师管理

整合理论实质就是对组织所拥有的资源进行优化配置,使其协调发展,产生最大效益.对于高校,教师是所拥有的不可缺少,最具有潜力的资源,这种资源所发挥的协同作用存在巨大的潜力.从整合理论的角度,分析了高校教师管理方面的整合问题,提出了高校教师管理过程中应该注意的问题.     

印度尼西亚方程的改进及其在大庆长垣低孔渗储层的应用

针对大庆长垣F油层储层具有孔隙度小、渗透率低、泥质含量高、微孔隙发育、束缚水饱和度高等特点,通过理论和实验分析长垣F油层低孔、低渗储层的主要导电因素,得出泥质附加导电和束缚水导电是该区F油层的低孔、低渗泥质砂岩储层的重要导电因素.考虑束缚水和可动水导电路径不同,基于三水导电模型的推导原理,建立混合水等效电导率方程;依据该区矿化度较低和含泥高的储层特征,对适用于淡水高泥储层的印度尼西亚方程进行改进,用混合水等效电导率代替原方程中的地层水电导率,建立长垣地区F油层低孔低渗泥质砂岩含水饱和度模型.利用岩心分析数据和常规测井资料,采用多元回归法确定长垣F油层饱和度模型中的泥质体积分数、孔隙度、束缚水饱和度.利用岩电实验数据,采用最优化方法确定长垣F油层饱和度模型中的饱和度指数、胶结指数等参数.经密闭取心井含水饱和度对比和试油结果验证,建立的含水饱和度模型可用于F油层的低孔低渗泥质砂岩储层定量评价.     

尼泊尔地震的NOAA卫星数据震前异常分析

发生地震时常伴随有地热辐射增强现象,这些异常信息隐藏于遥感卫星NOAA所捕获的地球射出长波辐射（OLR）数据中,目前多数研究还停留在对源数据的解读,缺乏有效的信息处理技术,致使大部分的OLR数据没有得到充分利用。因此,本文提出一种基于鞅理论的概率统计方法来识别异常特征算法,从有噪声的非结构化的源数据中提取出震前OLR数据异常变化特征序列,从时间序列和地域范围进行震前异常分析。本算法实验是以尼泊尔的在2014年9月至2015年7月期间（包括2015年4月25日Ms7.8大地震）发生的3次地震的OLR数据为例,实验结果显示震中区域的OLR数据在震前的2~3个月开始有显著的异常数据变化,通过分析发现数据显示数据异常在震前出现的时间长短与地震的大小相关,异常的发生区域与震区周围的地貌特征相关。这说明基于鞅理论的算法所提取的OLR数据异常点序列的确与地震发生的时间地点是有关系的。     

Tidal current observation in the southern Yellow Sea in the summers of 2001 and 2003

Direct current observations in the Yellow Sea interior are very scarce due to intense fishing and trawling activities. Most previous studies on tides in the area were based on coastal measurements or satellite altimeter sea levels and have not been rigorously compared with direct measurements. In this paper, tidal currents are studied with current profiles from three bottom-moored Sontek Acoustic Doppler Profilers （ADPs） deployed in the southern Yellow Sea in summer of 2001 and 2003. The measured current series were dominated by tidal currents. Maximum velocities are between 40-80 cm/s at the mooring stations. M2 current is the most dominant primary tidal constituent, while MS4 and M4 are the most significant shallow water tides with much smaller amplitudes than the primary tides.     

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